It is the pig (which/that) Tina raises.
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3)从句当副词用，做状语——副词性分句， 即状语从句
When she was still a baby, she liked taking photos.
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1. You’ll find it where it was. (地点状语从句) 2. Tell me the place where he lives . (定语从句) 3. I don’t know where he came from . (宾语从句) 4. Where he has gone is not known yet . (主语从句) 5. This is where they once lived . (表语从句)e countries, D is called “equality” does not
really mean equal rights for all people. (CET-4, 1995 年6月) A) which B) one C) that D) what
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表语从句
1：The reason why he hasn’t come is ___C_____. A) because his mother is ill B ) because of his mother’s being ill C ) that his mother is ill D ) for his mother is ill
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同位语从句
1：The mere fact C most people believe nuclear wars would be madness doesn't mean that it will not occur.(CET-4，1997年6月) A) what B) which C) that D) why
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并列 We are prepared to make certain concessions but
we find it hard to put up with the loss. 语义重心在后半句
从属 Although/Though/Even though/While we are prepared to make certain concessions, we find it hard to put up with the loss. Although/Though/Even though/While we find it hard to put up with the loss, we are prepared to make certain concessions. 语义重心在主句
主语、宾语、表语
在名词性从句中
定语（范围小） 定语（范围大） 主语、宾语、表语 不充当成分，无意义
This is the book which I like most. I have no idea which wine is best. 范围小，同位语从句 I have no idea what wine is best. 范围大，同位语从句 I don’t know which wine is best. 宾语从句 I believe that he will succeed. that不充当成分，无意义 He is not the person _th__a_t he used to be. He is not _w_h_a_t he used to be.
2： D is the center of our planetary system was a
difficult concept to grasp in the Middle Ages.(CET-6， 1993年6月) A) It is the sun and not the earth B) Being the sun and not the earth C) The sun and not the earth D) That the sun and not the earth
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从属连词，连接代词，连接副词， 关系代词，关系副词
1. 从属连词:用来引导状语从句和名词性从句 (引导名词性从句的只有that, whether，在 句中不作成分）。
2. 连接代词、连接副词：引导名词性从句 3. 关系代词、关系副词：引导定语从句
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which what
that
在定语从句中 宾语、主语 不用what
并列与从属
并列与从属是两种不同的连接手段。从语义 上看，两个分句所表示的意义，在说话人看 来，如果具有同等的重要性，就可以把它们 并列起来，连成一个并列句。而从属是语义 上分清主次的手段，是把次要的思想内容置 于结构上的从属地位，从而突出句子的主要 思想。如： We are prepared to make certain concessions. We find it hard to put up with the loss.
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限定从属分句：
从句相当于名词、形容词、 副词。
1）从句当名词用——名 词性从句，可作主语，宾 语，主语补语，介词补足 成分和同位语。
I just can’t understand why Lady Gaga is so popular.
2) 从句当形容词用，做定语——形容词性 分句，即关系分句，定语从句
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常用的并列连词有： and, or, but, nor, so, yet, both … and， either … or, not … but, not only … but also, not…nor, neither … nor, as well as, as much as, rather than, more than, for （因为）, while（而）, whereas 等。 (见教材P342-343)