机设1305 彭鹏程1310140521
一个简化的飞机机翼模型如图所示,该机翼沿延翼方向为等厚度。
有关的几何尺寸见下图,机翼材料的常数为:弹性模量E=0.26GPa,泊松比m=0.3,密度r =886 kg/m。
对该结构进行振动模态的分析。
(a) 飞机机翼模型 (b) 翼形的几何坐标点
振动模态分析计算模型示意图
解答这里体单元SOLID45 进行建模,并计算机翼模型的振动模态。
建模的要点:
⑴首先根据机翼横截面的关键点,采用连接直线以及样条函数< BSPLIN >进行连接以形成一个由封闭线围成的面;
⑵在生成的面上采用自由网格划分生成面单元(PLANE42);
⑶设置体单元SOLID45,采用<EXTOPT>< VEXT>进行Z 方向的多段扩展;
⑷设置模态分析< ANTYPE,2>,采用Lanczos 方法进行求解<
MODOPT,LANB >;
⑸在后处理中,通过<SET>调出相关阶次的模态;
⑹显示变形后的结构图并进行动态演示<PLDI><ANMODE>。
给出的基于图形界面的交互式操作(step by step)过程如下。
(1) 进入ANSYS(设定工作目录和工作文件)
程序→ANSYS →→ANSYS Interactive →Working directory ( 设置工作目录) →Initial jobname(设置工作文件名):Modal→Run
(2) 设置计算类型
ANSYS Main Menu:Preferences…→Structural →OK
(3) 选择单元类型
ANSYS Main Menu:Preprocessor →Element Type →Add/Edit/Delete →Add…→Structural solid:Quad 4node 42 →Apply →solid →Brick 8node 45→OK →Close
(4) 定义材料参数
ANSYS Main Menu:Preprocessor →Material Props →Material Models →Structural →Linear →Elastic →Isotropic:EX:0.26E9(弹性模量),PRXY:0.3(泊
松比) →OK →Density:886 →OK →Material →Exit
(5) 生成几何模型
ANSYS Main Menu:Preprocessor →Modeling →Create →Keypoints →In Active CS →X,Y,Z location:0,0,0→Apply →X,Y,Z location:0.05,0,0→Apply →X,Y,Z location:0.0575,0.005,0 →
Apply →X,Y,Z location:0.0475,0.0125,0 →Apply →X,Y,Z
location:0.025,0.00625,0 →OK
ANSYS Main Menu:Preprocessor →Modeling →Create →Lines →Lines →Straight Line →依次选择关键点1, 2, 5, 1 →OK
ANSYS Main Menu:Preprocessor →Modeling →Create →Lines →Splines →With Options →Spline thru KPs →依次选择关键点2, 3, 4, 5 →OK →输入以下数据:XV1:-0.025,YV1:0,ZV1:0 →输入以下数据:XV6:-0.025,
YV6:-0.00625, ZV6:0 →OK
ANSYS Main Menu:Preprocessor →Modeling →Create →Areas →Arbitrary →By Lines →选择所有3 条线→OK
(6) 网格划分
ANSYS Main Menu:Preprocessor →Meshing →Mesh Tool →global →Set →Element edge length:0.00625 →OK →Mesh →Pick All →Close →Close(点击关闭Mesh Tool 工具栏)
ANSYS Main Menu:Preprocessor →Modeling →Operate →Extrude →Elem Ext Opts →Element type number:2 SOLID45 →The No. of element
divisions:10 →OK
ANSYS Main Menu:Preprocessor →Modeling →Operate →Extrude →Areas →By XYZ Offset →Pick All →Offsets for extrusion in the Z direction:0,0,0.25 →OK →Close
(7) 模型施加载荷
ANSYS Utility Menu:Select →Entities →Elements →By Attributes →Elem type num →The element type number:1→Unselect →Apply
(8) 模型施加约束
ANSYS Utility Menu:Select →Entities →Nodes →By Location →Z coordinates →T he Z coordinate location:0→From Full →Apply
ANSYS Main Menu →Preprocessor →Loads →Define Loads →Apply →Structural →Displacement →On Nodes →Pick All →All DOF →OK →By Num/Pick →Select All →点击Cancel(关闭窗口)
(9) 分析计算
ANSYS Main Menu:Solution →Analysis Type →New Analysis →Modal →OK
ANSYS Main Menu:Solution →Analysis Type →Analysis Options →点击Block Lanczos →No. of modes to extract: 5 →No. of modes to expand: 5 →OK →OK
ANSYS Main Menu:Solution →Solve →Current LS →File →Close →OK →Yes →Yes →Close(Solution is done!).
(10) 结果显示
ANSYS Main Menu:General Postproc →Results Summary →Close(各阶模态的频率见下表)。
ANSYS Main Menu:General Postproc →Read Results →First Set
ANSYS Utility Menu :Plot Ctrls →Animate →Mode Shape →OK →在Animation Controller 中作相应设置(这里不详细说明),然后关闭当前窗口→Close
ANSYS Main Menu:General Postproc →Read Results →Next Set
ANSYS Utility Menu:Plot Ctrls →Animate →Mode Shape →OK(各阶模态见下图)。
(11) 退出系统
ANSYS Utility Menu:File → Exit… → Save Everything → OK
机翼模型的各阶模态频率
机翼模型的各阶振动模态图
(a) 第1 阶振动模态
(b) 第2 阶振动模态
(c) 第3 阶振动模态
(d) 第4 阶振动模态
(e) 第5 阶振动模态。