当前位置:文档之家› 网络名誉权的法律保护研究

网络名誉权的法律保护研究

类号学号学校代码10487密级硕士学位论文网络名誉权的法律保护研究学位申请人:学科专业:法律硕士指导教师:答辩日期:2013年5月日A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements forthe Degree of Master of LawOn Legal Protection of the Right of NetworkReputationCandidate :Major : Juris MasterSupervisor :Huazhong University of Science & TechnologyWuhan 430074, P.R.ChinaMay, 2013独创性声明本人声明所呈交的学位论文是我个人在导师指导下进行的研究工作及取得的研究成果。

尽我所知,除文中已经标明引用的内容外,本论文不包含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写过的研究成果。

对本文的研究做出贡献的个人和集体,均已在文中以明确方式标明。

本人完全意识到本声明的法律结果由本人承担。

学位论文作者签名:日期:年月日学位论文版权使用授权书本学位论文作者完全了解学校有关保留、使用学位论文的规定,即:学校有权保留并向国家有关部门或机构送交论文的复印件和电子版,允许论文被查阅和借阅。

本人授权华中科技大学可以将本学位论文的全部或部分内容编入有关数据库进行检索,可以采用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编本学位论文。

保密□,在年解密后适用本授权书。

本论文属于不保密□。

(请在以上方框内打“√”)学位论文作者签名:指导教师签名:日期:年月日日期:年月日华中科技大学硕士学位论文摘要随着互联网的发展,网络用户通过论坛、QQ、MSN、微博等方式自由地交流和表达各种信息,使公民言论自由的实现程度获得了极大的提升。

然而,在这样新形势下,名誉权的保护和网络言论自由之间的矛盾日益尖锐,二者呈现出巨大张力。

如何在法律范畴内,调节二者之间的矛盾,更好地保护名誉权以及网络言论自由,这是理论与司法实践中的热点问题。

本文以“网络名誉权的保护法律问题研究”为题,围绕以下四个方面予以论述:第一,网络言论自由与名誉权的冲突与调和。

网络言论自由属于言论自由在网络上的延伸,其在现代社会具有非常重要的价值。

由于言论自由属于基本权利,而名誉权也属于人格权,同样为宪法所保障,因此两者在价值层面上并无优劣之分。

针对网络言论自由与名誉权的冲突越演越烈的现象,考虑到我国宪法诉讼缺位的现实,为尽可能约束司法的恣意,依赖规范路径,严格解释侵权责任构成,充分发挥侵权责任法维护民事权益(名誉权)与保障行为(言论)自由的基本功能,改变目前司法裁判轻视言论自由的倾向。

第二,网络名誉权作为名誉权在网络上的延伸,网络主体在现实生活中的社会评价的降低自然属于其范畴之内。

由于网络环境下也存在着一定的价值判断,因此对于一个在网络环境下享有较高评价的人来说更容易在网络世界获得更多利益。

在很多时候这些利益都能够转变为现实利益。

因此,网络社会评价的降低也是一种实实在在的损害,同样具有公示性。

在网络这个虚拟社会中,网络主体在该虚拟社会中的社会评价也属于名誉的内容,如果他人的行为导致其网络社会中的社会评价降低,即使现实社会中的评价并未降低,也可以构成网络名誉权的侵害。

第三,网络用户的言论是否构成侵害他人的名誉权,应该就网络言论是否具有违法性、网络用户毁损名誉的行为是否指向特定的人以及该言论是否具有公开性进行综合判断。

就网络言论而言,将言论区分为事实陈述与意见表达是通常的华中科技大学硕士学位论文看法或立场,以此分别判断网络言论是否构成侵害名誉权。

有关公众人物和公共议题的言论,在违法性的判断上应该更具有容忍性,以避免过度地扼杀言论自由。

网络名誉权侵害的抗辩事由包括受害人同意、第三人侵害、公正评论以及合理引用及传播等。

第四,网络服务提供者侵害名誉权的责任。

网络服务提供者侵害他人名誉权主要是因为其针对网络用户利用其服务平台侵害他人名誉权时不作为,从而导致损害扩大的行为。

为避免网络服务提供者承担无限的责任,《侵权责任法》第36条第2款为网络服务提供者提供了保护措施,设置了“避风港”和责任限制规则,第3款规定适用于网络服务提供者“知道”网络用户利用网络服务从事侵权行为的情形。

在责任的承担上,无论网络服务者是明知还是应知他人侵害网络名誉权,都要与实施侵害他人名誉权的网络用户承担连带责任。

关键词:名誉权网络言论自由网络评价公共利益避风港规则华中科技大学硕士学位论文AbstractWith the development of the Internet, network users use the Forum, QQ, MSN, Microblogging to communicate and express a variety of information, In the network environment, freedom of expression and the conflict between protections of reputation, freedom of expression is an important basic human rights, reputation is an important personal right, the balance of interests between the need to reach. This freedom of expression in the network and network theory of defamation, the network of legal practice ,the right of reputation protection, the network the right to freedom of expression and the balance between Internet Reputation three aspects of interpretation and exposition.Firstly, the network of honorary freedom of expression and the network theory of infringement. Network citizen’s freedom of expression is recognized in law or circumstances, through the network that shows or public transfer of ideas, opinions, views ,ideas, feelings, or information, knowledge, etc. of others without interference, restraint or punishment of free. Internet defamation is the online release information through various means of communication, of speech infringed the reputation of citizens or legal persons, and to reduce the social evaluation or derogatory behavior, which means of communication,including text, images, sound and other forms of.Secondly , the network of Legal Protection of reputation practice. First, the way the case was introduced four major networks currently form of defamation: the network service provider disputes triggered release information, the network users to infringing content publishing electronic bulletin board services, Internet users publish a blog or personal homepage infringing content, network users dissemination of infringing content by e-mail.Published online users in the network information, of speech caused by defamation, the network service provider whether or not to bear the responsibility, the legal experts attributed this proposed three principles: the principle of strict liability, exemption principle, the principle of fault liability. Strict liability refers to the network service provider for network users to publish content on the Internet due to infringement华中科技大学硕士学位论文to the network service provider for network users to jointly and severally liable infringement. Disclaimer principle refers to the network service provider is not available online content users in any liability arising from infringement. Principle of fault liability is not if the network service provider network users to make content available online to a reasonable duty of care, we should bear corresponding responsibility.Thirdly , the network and the network of freedom of expression balance between protections of reputation. Networks need to be protected freedom of expression; freedom of expression is a human spiritual need, if the individual can not fully enjoy freedom of expression, the meaning of the individual as a person would be questioned. Internet Reputation protection of the right to have reasonable boundaries, especially for a particular person's intemperate comments of public figures, these statements constitute defamation ,resulting in the victim's lower social evaluation, and comprehensive to be judged. Points from the nature of speech, of expression and opinion can be divided into factual statements, limiting the expression of false statements of fact should be, but on the advice of a mistaken view of speech be limited in it is inappropriate, the views of speech and the fact that constitute defamation of speech should be different that standard, our legislation is necessary to learn the facts of the case in other countries of expression and opinion and the practice of speech, freedom of expression to establish a more comprehensive rules. Legal norms in the use of our network of honorary violations corrected, we must promote moral self-discipline mechanism to promote the formation of healthy network environment.Keywords: Right of reputation Free speech on the web Network evaluation Public interest Haven Rules华中科技大学硕士学位论文目录摘要 (I)Abstract ......................................................................................................................... I II 引言 (1)一、网络言论自由与名誉权的冲突及调和 (4)(一)言论自由的涵义及其功能 (4)(二)网络传播中的言论自由 (6)(三)网络言论自由与名誉权的冲突与协调路径 (9)二、网络名誉权涵义的争论与构建 (12)(一)网络名誉权概述 (12)(二)网络名誉权涵义的通常认识 (13)(三)网络名誉权涵义的重构 (15)三、网络用户侵害他人名誉权及其责任 (20)(一)网络用户侵害他人名誉权概述 (20)(二)网络用户侵害名誉权的构成要件 (21)(三)网络名誉侵权的抗辩事由 (25)(四)网络名誉侵权的责任承担 (28)四、网络服务提供者侵害名誉权的责任 (31)(一)网络服务提供者(ISP)侵害网络名誉权的类型 (31)(二)网络服务提供者承担不作为侵权责任的构成要件 (32)(三)网络服务提供商承担责任的性质及其分担 (38)结语 (40)致谢 (41)参考文献 (42)华中科技大学硕士学位论文引言一、研究缘起近年来,互联网在中国以几何级的速度发展,网络信息传播渠道的多样化趋势大大增加了人类的信息获取量。

相关主题