六.合成介词 within inside
Practice I
Make compound words after the models. A: passer, well, sea, fire, friend, B: side, fighter, ship, by, known, Model: part + time = part-time
2. (2013) But such a small thing couldn’t ________ (possible) destroy a village.
思路点拨：possibly 修饰谓语动词destroy 作状语，用副词。注意：以 -ble 接尾的形 容词，其副词形式通常是将ble改为bly。
想象给生活插上翅膀， 让我们在学习的天空中 越飞越高！
Use your imagination, you’ll get a different world.
形容词转化为名词 chief 主要的→首领 first 第一的 → 第一 个
一些形容词前加the 后转换为名词 the wounded 受伤的人们 the blind盲人们
wrong 错误的 → 错 the beautiful 误 美丽的东西
三、派生法 Derivation
指在词根上加上前、后缀构成另一个与原意略有变 化或截然相反的词
3. (2012) For some reason he sat beside Mary. Mary felt _________ (please), because there were many empty seats in the room. But she quickly realized that it wasn’t her… 思路点拨：pleased 在系动词felt后作表语，用 形容词，表示“高兴的”。
首先要熟悉基本的构词法及其规律, 其 次要掌握一定的词根和词缀。如:un-, im-, mis-, -less, -ness等。
able
派生法（Derivation）
unable; teach
teacher
合成法(Compounding)
space+ship 构词法 visit v. spaceship visit n. DIY
高考英语语法总复习
构词法 (一) (Word Formation)
Grammar
If you meet the new words while reading, what will
you do ?
•It’s not always necessary to understand the meaning of every word, just go on reading!
brice II
Guess the meaning of the underlined words
1.Many countries import most of the oil 进口 they use. 2.He studied biophysics at college.
注意:派生词的前缀一般只改变词义,不改 变词类;后缀一般只改变词类,不引起 词义变化.
Some important prefixes: Is it difficult for you to get up in the morning? Do you sometimes oversleep? 1. over- : too much overwork , overeat The trains are ____________ overcrowded on Friday evenings. above sth; across(crowded) overcoat, overhead
4. (2007) We drank together and talked _______ (merry) till far into the night. 思路点拨： merrily 语，用副词。 修饰动词 talked作状
5. (2011) He must be ________(mental) disabled.
hand
n.手 . We always walk hand in hand v.递送 Please hand me the book.
转化法例释
名词转化为动词 telephone 电话→打电话 hand手 → 交给 record 录音→记录 形容词转化为动词 slow 慢的→放慢 名词转化为形容词 副词转换为动词 front前面→前面的 down 向下→击倒 warm 暖的→使温暖 black 黑色→黑色的 back向后→后退 empty 空的→倒空 noble 贵族→高贵的 up 向上→提高
生物物理学
3.It is very important to learn how to cooperate with others. 合作 4.All your luggage will be transported to the destination by train. 运输 5.My cousin has an excellent voice. Her dream is to become a superstar. 明星
中学英语课本中有许多单词带有否定前缀，如果能理 解这些否定前缀的含义，使用和记忆单词是很有帮助 的。否定前缀加在一个词的前面就完全改变或否定了 这个词的原来意义。
用 法 例 词
加在形容词或副词前
加在动词前
unhappy, unnecessary, unexpected, unusual, , uncover, untie, unlock, undress incomplete, impossible. impolite, irregular, inability, dishonour,羞辱 dislike, disbelieve discharge,排出 dismiss解雇 mistake, misfortune,不幸 misunderstanding误解
思路点拨：mentally 用副词。
修饰分词形容词作状语，
6. (2010) His teacher took a deep drink，smiled _________ (warm) ， and thanked his student very much for the sweet water. 思路点拨：warmly 修饰动词smiled作状语，用 副词形式。
根据构词法猜词
1. I will not make friends with a dishonest dis+honest 不诚实的 person. 2. When the little boy finished, his father was speechless. speech+less 说不出话的 3. A bad-looking pickpocket stole my wallet. pick+pocket 扒手
highway
waiting-room kind-hearted
合成词汇展厅
一.合成名词 seafood greenhouse
二.合成动词 overcome whitewash
三.合成形容词 snow-white man-made 四.合成副词 however ; anyway
五.合成代词 something; everything
四、缩略法（ Abbreviation ）
DV
Digital Video
Very Important Person Save Our Ship World Wide Web
VIP
SOS WWW
Practice Makes Perfect !
按括号内的要求改写下列单词
home(形容词) homeless ________ truth true(名词)___________ American China(形容词)________ Chinese America(形容词)_______
rainy rain(形容词) ________ nation(形容词)_______ national recent(副词)________ recently hopeful hope(形容词)_______ visitor visit(名词)__________ eighth eight(序数词)________
passer+by=passer-by well+known=well-known
sea+side=seaside
fire+fighter=firefighter
friend+ship=friendship
二、转化法（Conversion）：指一个词不变
词形，而由一种词类转化为另一种词类或几种 词类。 n. 味道 It has a good taste. taste v.尝起来 It tastes very good.
in- ，il- 不， 非， 加在形容词或其派生 的名词或副词前 im-，ir- 无
表示否定 加在名词或形容词前 加在动词前 加在名词或动词前 加在名词、动词或及 其派生词前 表示相反 表示分离 剥夺除去 表示错、 误
dis-
mis-
Some important suffixes:
-ment, -ion, -ness, -tion, -ful, able, -less, -en等 sharpen a pencil sharp adj. sharpen v. __________________ strengthen strength bright
date 日期→ 定日期
name 名字→ 命名 face 脸 → 面对 动词转化为名词 drink 喝→饮料 study 学习→书房 look at → have a look at