星火英语六级词汇11. able后面可以接to do, in, for但是不能接ofto enable sb to do(sth);使...能做to disable sb from doing sth使...不能做2. be absorbed in…全神贯注于...She is completely absorbed in her book . 她在专心致志地看书.3. be abundant/rich in sth...丰富，富于...; an abundance of大量的，丰富的，其后可以接可数或不可数名词，但是总体是当一个可数单数形式使用;The tree yields anaBundance of fruit. 这树结果甚多.in abundance丰富，充裕:But today the delectable seafood is no longer available in abundance. 但是今天这种可口的海味已不再大量存在.4. make the acquaintance of sb= make sb’s acquaintance主要表示结识，做一个短暂的动词I made his acquaintance two years ago.Acquaint有两个例句I have acquainted myself with their customs.I have been acquainted with their customs.5. be active in work工作积极Activity意思是活跃;所以activity in trade商业活跃;其复数activities 才表示种种活动campus activities校园活动By/through agency of经...介绍，通过...之手;place/put sth on the agenda把某事提到日程上来Agitation for/against:agitation against the big department stores 煽动反对大百货公司women leading the agitation for equal rights 为争取男女平等而带头辩论的妇女们.6、add既是及物动词，也是不及物动词，在表示添加，加的时候add…to…把...加到...上是及物动词在表示增添increase的时候是一个不及物动词add to; The bad weather added to our difficulties.In addition=as well; in addition to=as well as, besides此外，除此之外7. advance growth促进增长;have an advantage over胜过，优于:A man who can think will always have an advantage over others. 能动脑子的人总是会胜过别人.Take advantage of因利乘便，趁...zhiji机，利用---a person who is gullible and easy to take advantage of . 易受骗并且容易利用的人.8. adventure是一个名词，主要指一些使人心振奋，寻求刺激性的冒险;venture是动词也是名词，主要指生命危险或经济风险;the business ventureNothing venture, nothing gain不入虎穴，焉得虎子9. take(give) one’s advice接受(给与)忠告或建议，advice是不可数名词advise和advisable后面的that从句都要使用should的虚拟语气I advise that he (should) leave now.It is advisable that he (should) leave now.10. make allowance (s) for=allow for考虑到，顾及，体谅，原谅You should make allowance for his youth= You should allow for his youth.11. alternately轮流地; alternatively，另一方面，要不然It may have been because of the weather, or alternatively it may have been the result of indigestion.Be alien to---与...不相容，与性质不同---Cruelty was quite alien to his nature/to him. 残忍的行为与他的本性[与他]格格不入.12. be angry with sb---生某人的气; be angry at/about sth---因某事生气;be angry生气(状态); get angry发怒(动作)anger既是动词也是名词，in anger---He hit the boy in anger.他生气而揍了这小子.13. judge by appearance从外表上判断14. answer for对...负有责任---You must answer for her safty.Swear的过去式，过去分词是swore，sworn，其在做宣誓，发誓的时候使用swear to...He swore to keep the secret.Swear在做诅咒，咒骂的时候，使用swear at...She swore at the boy.1. at the approach of…随着...的临近2. argue with sb about/on sth与...争论;argue that…主张;argue/reason/talk sb into(out of) doin sthWe would like to argu that this is not the case. 我们试图论证情况并非如此.e3. be alarmed at心慌--- She was rather alarmed at the proposal. 她听到这个建议，有点心慌.Alarm是向...报警，所以---dial 110 to alarm the fire brigade4. range in age from 21 to 70年龄从21岁到70岁不等a (wide) range of:各种各样的;to ranger over论及，涉及--- His tudies range over several languages. 他的研究涉及数种语言.sPeople of all ranks社会各阶层人士; rank among属于...之列--- Fire losses in the United Sates rank among the highest in the world. 美国火灾损失之大居于世界最前列. Rank...as把...看做- Where do you rank Wordsworth as a poet? 你将华兹华斯列为哪一等诗人?5. make an attack on…攻击--- and Joshua and all Israel with him went on to make an attack on Debir; 约书亚和以色列众人回到底璧，攻打这城，have an attack of(…病)发作--- He's getting on in years and his health isn't all that good; it would be strange if 'he didn't have an attack of cerebral haemorrhage."依他那样的身体，又上了年纪，若不患脑充血，那就当真是怪事一桩??Be attached to附属于，依恋于--- No blame is attached to his behavior. 他的行为无可指责. She is deeply attached to her young brother. 她深爱她的小弟弟.Detach…from…--- A boy would slowly detach himself from the gang. 一个孩子就慢慢地从这个帮伙中退出去.6. attendance和audience在谈及多少的时候用large或smallattendant作为形容词意思是伴随的，随之而来的，the attendant difficulties随之而来的困难attend to one’s business专心于事业，办些事情(就我查的例句来看，并不表示专心于事业，而只是办些事情)--- Mr Fogg had sixteen hours in which to attend to hisbusiness there, which was to deposit Aouda safely with her wealthy relative. 福克先生还可以有十六小时来办一些自己的事情，也就是说替艾娥达夫人找那位亲戚.7. authority的复数authorities才表示当局，官方---the authorities concerned有关当局an authority on---在...方面的权威---He is an authority on English.Authority over---对...人的凌驾---Chinese parents have more authority over their children.8. avenge为...报仇.报...之仇He avenged his father’s nurder.Revenge既是名词也是动词We will avenge/revenge ourselves on the enemy.We will take our revenge on the enemy.9. avoid/escape + doing; be void/devoid of common sense缺乏常识;void既是名词也是形容词一是是空的，无效的;devoid是一个形容词意思是空无的，缺乏的只能做表语10. To bar sb from doing = prevent sb from doing11. base主要做具体的基础，basis主要做抽象的基础，其复数是basesthe base of a building建筑物的基础the economic basis经济基础basic principle基本原则12. have a bearing on=have connection with与...有关--- Attention should be centred on the links that have a bearing on the situation as a whole. 应该注意那些涉及全局的重要关节13. combat是一个及物动词，battle是名词也是动词，但是是一个不及物动词;所以A combat B=A battle with Bdebate既是名词也是动词;hold a debate on举行一次对...问题的辩论14. accuse指控，指责---accuse sb of doing sth; blame sb for doing sth; blame sth on/onto sbexcuse sb for原谅某人(做某事); ecuse sb from使某人免除，允许某人不(做某事)1. on end---接连地---three days on end; means and ends目的与手段---Do you think that the end justifies the means?2. behavior和conduct都是不可数名词3. hinder有两个意思，如果是做阻止则用介词from，如果表示妨碍，则使用介词into hinder him from going---阻止他前往;to hinder him in his work---妨碍他工作4. circumstance的复数才表示境遇，经济情况;get to know the circumstance了解情况under the circumstances在此情况下，既然如此;under no circumstances在任何情况下都不—用于句首的时候主语和谓语中的助动词都要倒装5. board and lodging膳宿(费)---How kind of Bill to get our board and lodging ready. 约翰真好,给我们安排好了食宿.He pays 40 a week board and lodging. 他每周支付膳宿费40英镑.6. go blind失明;be blind to对...视而不见;Love is blind爱情是盲目的;He is blind in the left eye.7. break the peace扰乱治安; breach of the peace对治安的扰乱(breach是一个名词)8. a broad mind宽广豁达的胸怀;at home and abroad国内外;go abroad出国; spread abroad传播地很广; chain broadcast联播;relay broadcast转播9. bury oneself in(doing)sth---专心致力于(做)...(但是按照例句查找，还有使自己沉浸于某地，埋没于某地的意思)Now he could not bury himself in those thoughts. 现在他静不下心来想这些事.It is asking much of a wealthy man to come down and bury himself in a place of this kind... 要想使一位有钱的人屈尊埋没在这样一个地方，确实有点说不过去…10. recall表示经过一番努力后想起，remember表示自然而然想起; remind sb of sth; recall sth to sbThe picture reminds me of my school days.The picture recalls my school days to me/my mind.11. reconcile可以指使和好，使和解，使协调---I couldn’t reconcile the two.Reconcile在表示意思”使顺从于，使甘心于”的时候要加介词toI can’t reconcile myself to such a theory.Counsel既是名词也是动词，较advice更为正式，不过两者都是不可数名词;Give/offer counsel提出忠告;He counseled starting earlier. Keep one’s own counsel---将意见(或计划)保密，不相信别人---All we have got to do is, to keep our own counsel , and remain perfectly quiet, not breathing a wordto any living soul; 只要我们自己保守秘密，不声不响的，对这件事不去对别人泄露一个字就得了.Take counsel together---共同商量--- We take counsel together as to which course should be adopted.我们共同商量该采取什么方针.1. on the campus注意是on，也注意campus的拼写2. try to get information from various channels---多渠道获得信息3. capable +of; capability of/for; He is a man of great capability.他是个大有作为的人4. escape是一个及物动词也是一个名词，所以escape death死里逃生;have a narrow escape from...幸免于(难)Unexpectedly, this soldier could have a narrow escape from death. 这个战士能够死里逃生，是人们没有想到的.Escape + doing:We were lucky to escape being punished. 我们很幸运,没有受罚Be taken captive被俘Capacity指接受上，理解上的能力---He has great capacity of learning language.5. accuse…of; charge…with; charge that…;accuse后不可以接that 从句They accused Jim of murder.They charged Jim with murder.They charged that Jim had committed murder.Discharge sb from obligation----解除责任"Loss of or damage to the goods after the risk has passed to the Buyer does not discharge him from his obligation to pay the price, unless the loss or damage isdue to an act or omission of the seller." 货物在风险移转到买方承担后遗失或损坏,买方支付价款的义务并不因此解除,除非这种遗失或损坏是由于卖方的行为或不行为所造成.6. cure sb of a disease---治愈某人的疾病---You'll never cure him of his meanness;it's in his bones. 你决不可能治好他那小气的毛病，他本性就是如此.Treat sb for a disease---治疗某人的病---When I treat a patient for pneumonia.要是我将一个病人作为肺炎患者来治疗.A secure life无忧无虑的生活;feel secure about…对...感到放心---The organization also says exporters can feel secure about the openness of foreign markets. 并宣称出口商可对外国市场的开放度放心.7. in case +从句:假使，万一---Take the raincoat in case it rains. 带着雨衣,以防下雨.In case of +单词或短语:假使，如果发生，防备---In case of nondelivery, return to the sender. 如无法投递，则归还寄件人.In the case of就...而言---This is true in the case of the army and the organization. 以军队和企业来说确实是如此.Casualty insurance:灾害保险;on this occasion在这个场合下;on the occasion of…值...之际8 be cautious of/about表示”注意，小心”语气比careful强烈;He is cautious of telling secrets.=He is cautious not to tell secrets.Caution既是动词也是名词;take caution against:提防;caution sb against doing sth=caution sb not to do sth---警告某人别做某事Take precaution against预防---To take severe precaution against smuggling 严防偷漏9. hide/conceal sth from sb---He tried to conceal the truth from me.10. change sth into sth---将...变成...;change sth for…以...换...;in exchange for以交换...To give money in exchange for goods or services. 付款为商品或服务而付款exchange…for…--以...换取...;exchange…with sb for sth—和(某人)换...11. weak character脆弱的性格;winning personality吸引人的个性1. pick and choose--- Don't pick and choose, but take what's given to you.Choose to do情愿做...---I choose to learn from it. 我选择从中吸取教训.Have no choice but(to do)---除...外别无他法，不得不---If you press too hard,they would have no choice but to apply for bankruptcy. 你逼急了，它就只好破产.2. 500 B. C---公元前500年; A. D. 500公元500年3.civil servants文职人员; urban城市的---urbane有礼貌的，文雅的; rural乡村的---rustic土气的，粗俗的4. claim既是名词也是动词---It is claimed that…有人说，据说，据称--- It is claimed that more petroleum may be preserved in stratigraphic than in structural traps. 有人主张，地层圈闭也许比构造圈闭存有更多的石油.Exclaim against injustice鸣不平---Widows exclaim loudly against second marriages.寡妇们大声非议再婚Proclaim是一个及物动词，其主语只能是权力机关或政府领导---proclaim war宣战; proclaim a law宣布法律5. classic意思是一流的，最上等的; classical才是”古典的”6. find(meet) one’s match---找(遇)到对手7. clean还可以做副词意思是”一干二净地，完全地”;---Sorry, I clean forgot. cleanly意思是”清洁地，干净利落地”clear还有批准的意思，同样的clearance也可以做批准的名词The plane tool off as soon as it was cleared.The plane took off as soon as it got clearance.Get clearance (for sth)---(为...)获得许可，批准--- They got clearance for their plan and started to reclaim valuable raw materials from industrial waste water. 计划得到批准，他们开始从工业废水中回收有价值的原料.Analyze the situation with clarity透彻地分析形式declare的例句;He declared that it was true.= He declared it to be ture.8. be in sb.'s clutches 在某人掌握之下;fall into the clutches of 遭［逃脱］...的毒手; 陷入［摆脱］...的控制;fall out of the clutches of 遭［逃脱］...的毒手; 陷入［摆脱］...的控制; get into the clutches o遭［逃脱］...的毒手; 陷入［摆脱］...的控制; get out of the clutches of 遭［逃脱］...的毒手; 陷入［摆脱］...的控制9. exclusive of=excluding不计...在内--- exclusive of all other expenses 除去其它一切费用不算exclusive to为...所独享，独有--- ATM popularized the concept of QoS, but it is not exclusive to ATM. ATM(异步传输模式)使QoS概念广为人知，但它不是ATM专有的.Conclude除了表示做出结论和推论出以外，还可以表示”结束，完结);”缔结，协定”Conclude (a) peace---缔结合约; conclude a meeting=close a meeting; The film closed/concluded with the heroine’s death.In conclusion最后，总之--- In conclusion e wished us very success in our work. 最后，他祝我们工作顺利.h10. make a close study of对...进行仔细研究--- Advertisers have made a close study of human nature and have classified all our little weaknesses. 广告者仔细研究了人的本性并且把我们的各种小小弱点一一分类.11. cloudy ideas模糊的观念12. a collective opinion大家的意见; the collective wishes of the people---人民的共同愿望recall/recollect +(doing) sth; recall强调一次回忆;recollect强调会议过程colonialist殖民主义者，殖民主义的; colonist殖民者，移民13. in combination with=together with14. 在谈及income, expense, fortune,的时候不用much，little而使用large，small15. demand后面使用demand sth of sb，而不是使用demand sb sth; demand在其后的that从句总使用should的虚拟语气，并且不存在deamd sb to do这种形式I demanded an answer of him.I demanded that John (should) go there at once.16. communicate a disease to others传播疾病immune是一个形容词，其有两个意思，在表示”免疫的，有免疫力的”时候，其后加to，在表示”免除的，豁免的”的时候，其后加fromBe immune to the disease; be immune from taxationImmunize表示”使免疫”---Vaccination immunizes people against smallpox.1. in company with和...一起---My aunt came in company with her children. 我姑母是和她的孩子们一起来的.Keep company with与...交往，与...形影不离(尤其是与情人)Accompany是一个及物动词意思是”go with”，当表示伴奏的意思时加介词on/at---He accompanied her at/on the piano.Keep sb company---Sit here and keep me company for a while.Our teach accompanied us to the park.—我们的老师陪我们去公园.Company做同伴的时候是集体名称不可数，companion是单数人称是可数的;a companion in war战友;the companions on the journey旅伴2. compare在做与... 比较解释的时候可以用compare A with/to B; 当做”把比作的..”的时候只能用toHe compares my book with/to his.He compares books to friends.3. act on impulse意气用事---His friends advised him not to act on impulse and he should think carefully before his decision. 他的朋友劝告他不要意气用事,在作出决定之前应该慎重考虑.4. compete with/against for sth(compete是一个不及物动词);in competition with5. complain that; complain to sb of/about sth; complain of doing sth6. as/so far as…be concerned就...而言---As far as English is concerned, he is first in our class.7. discern A and B; discern A from B; discern between A and B8. on the condition that如果---I will come on condition that Mike is invited, too.Be conditional on/upon---This is conditional on the overall plan.Confident + of; confidence inWe have confidence in our future.We are confident of our future.9. in conflict withto inflict…on/uponThe typhoon inflicted serious damages on the city.The teacher inflicted punishment upon her.10. consider做及物动词居多，也偶尔做不及物动词，consider +doingI considered him a rascal.我认为他是个流氓.He is considering going to Europe.In consideration of11. contents指书的目录或者容器内所装的物体;但是在讲”内容”的时候，需要使用content12. continue的两个形容词，continual，continuous哪个拼写较长，哪个就表示”连续不断的”13. in chord=in concert一齐，一致，共同14. corps单复同刑，意思是”军团，军队”;corpse意思是”尸体”15. dispute with sb about/over sthreputation(for)可以指好名声，也可以指坏名声，强调人们心中的印象.Fame仅指好名声He has a reputation for greediness.A deputy for sb---某人的代理人; a deputy to( +组织，机构)...的代表16. a country国家(可数); the country乡村(不可数，且必须加the)17. counter除了做动词，还可以做副词go(run) counter to one’s interest通个人利益相违背Contradict是一个及物动词，所以contradict oneself; in contradiction with…On the contrary用作连词; to the contrary用作形容词或副词I thought he was a criminal; on the contrary, he was a policeman.There is evidence to the contrary.Unless I heard to the contrary.Contrast既是名词也是动词; present/in (a) sharp/striking contrast to —与...形成鲜明对比To contrast…with---把...与...相对比--- He only seemed to contrast his present cheerfulness and felicity with the dire endurance that was over. 他只不过像是拿他今天的欢乐幸福跟已成过去的苦痛经历做着对比.In contrast with---与...成对比--- The beautiful stands in contrast to the ugly and develops in struggle with it. 美是跟丑相比较，并且同它作斗争发展起来的.On the contrary和in contrast区别在于，on the contrary用于否定一个陈述，其实是围绕一个事情在讲，而in contrast是举出令一个事情并且和前一个事物相反例如:今天很热啊，on the contrary，今天很冷---都在围绕今天讲，表示对前一句话的否定今天很热啊，in contrast，昨天很冷18. incur hatred招来怨恨; incur danger遭受危险occur是一个不及物动词---occur原义为”come to one’s mind”所以occur的主语通常为某事，只是为了保持句子平衡，所以用itIt suddenly occurred to him that he hadn’t locked the door.19. by courtesy承蒙...的好意，由于...的作用Mr. Windaus used the photograph by courtesy of the publisher. 温道斯先生经过出版社的许可而使用照片.This program comes by courtesy of a local company. 本节目承蒙当地一家公司的赞助才得以安排.20. The doctor restored him to health; He was restored to health; He recovered his health; He recovered from his illness.21. clash既是不及物动词也是名词;a border clash边境冲突; Our ideas clashed with theirs. A clash of ideas意见不合crash既是动词也是名词crash into; collide with类似还有bump into, drive into; run into碰上，装上crush意思是碾碎，镇压They crushed the revolt/their enemy.1. create the characters造人物;create a sensation引起轰动;create disturbance引起骚动塑give credit to…相信--- Dyou give credit to what the man said?oDo credit to…为...增光--- His good performance In school do great credit to his mother 他在学校的优良表现为他母亲带来极大的荣誉2. discriminate既是及物动词也是不及物动词;在做”区别，辨别”的时候是一个及物动词discriminate good from bad; 而在做”歧视，或者有差别地对待时”是一个不及物动词，需要加介词against---No one should be discriminated against.3. be critical of对...挑剔，对...吹毛求疵，对...持批评态度(星火在解释中并没有提及对...持批评态度这个意思，但是实际例句中还是有的) Don't be critical of him; he is a beginner. "不要对他挑剔,他是初学者."It is difficult enough to be critical of our own mistakes. 对我们自己的错误采取批评的态度确实非常困难.To criticize sb for sth---Western countries criticize us for violating human rights. 西方国家说我们侵犯了人权，4. take up one’s cross背十字架，承受苦难---and take up the cross ofa long, dreary, aching afternoon, 她只好在痛苦中熬过那漫长而令人乏味的下午.5. 海关the Customs; 关税customs duty6. condemn除了表示”判...刑，宣告...有罪)还可以表示谴责，当做谴责时使用condemn sb for sth---I did not condemn him for what he had done. 我并没有因他的所作所为而指责他.To indemnify sb for sth---He promised to indemnify me for my losses. 他答应赔偿我的损失.7. endanger one’s life---危及生命8. dare say侧重不肯定; dare to say侧重肯定dare to struggle and dare to win敢于斗争, 敢于胜利;He will dare any danger.他敢冒任何危险.Does shedare to go alone?她敢一个人去吗?Tom didn't dare to do it.汤姆不敢做那件事.I don't think he will dare the risk.我想他不会冒那个险.He dared me to jump over the stream.他激我跳过那条小溪.I took his dare to jump.我接受他的挑战而跳了.do sth. for a dare被激得做某事, 因为有人挑战所以做某事;give a dare挑战9. out of date, up to date都做表语;而out-of-date, up-to-date做定语10. everyday是一个定语，every day是状语---She perseveres in learning some everyday English every day.11. decide后面可以跟很多形式decide on doing sth; decide against doing sth; decide to do; decide not to dosuicide是一个名词attempt suicide寻死; commit suicide自杀;而动词应该使用kill oneself12. defend有两个意思一个是”保卫，防守”(from/against)----We must defend ourselves against the enemy.另一个意思是”为...辩护”The lawyer defended the accused.Take offence at(对...)生气，(因...)见怪---I hope that you will not take offense at it. 幸勿见怪.I hope you will not take any offense at my words. 对我讲的话请别见怪.13. condense a report精简一片报告;a condensed report一篇精简的报告14. deny sb sth---拒绝给与某人某物---She can deny her son nothing.她对儿子是百依百顺(要什么就给什么).Deny doing---否认做...Make a denial of否认---To fully implement TCP/IP in Windows XP would make denial of service attacks a walk in the park.15. depend/dependence/dependent + on;但是只能说independent /independently of;也只能说independence from---When did India get her independence fromBritain? 印度什么时候脱离英国获得独立的?16. ascribe/attribute sth to (doing sth)/sth17. desert one’s post开小差18. assert oneself坚持自己的权利(或意见)，显示自己的权威(或威力)A leader must assert himself sometimes in order to be followed. 一个领导有时应该表现出自己的领导权威，好让别人照你说的去做.He was never able to assert himself sufficiently. 他从来不能有效地维护自己的权利.Exert all his strength使出全部力气; exert oneself to do努力，尽力Exert/inflict…on---施加于; force impose…强加于19. desire即使动词也是名词，其有两个形容词desirable意思是”某事物值得想要的”，desirous意思是”相望的，渴望的”;两个形容词后面如果接that从句，都需要使用should的虚拟语气Success is desirable to me.=It is desirable that I(should) succeed.----desirable toI am desirous of success.= I am desirous that I(should) succeed.---desirous of20. develop resources开发资源21. devote…to(doing)sthVote是动词也是名词;vote for/against1. addict既是动词也是名词，名词意思是”有瘾的人”;be addicted tocontradict是一个及物动词，所以His story contradicted the facts.2. dedicate/devote…to doing sth3. deadly既是形容词，有时副词;deadly poison; deadly enemy; deadly tireddie a glorious death光荣牺牲4. 记住一句话There is a difference of ten degree in temperature between the day and the night.Make a/the difference有影响，起作用One false step will make a great difference.失之毫厘，谬以千里The rain didn't make much difference to the game. 雨对比赛没有太大影响.Differ是一个不及物动词，有两个意思，如表示”不同”则接介词from，如表示(在意见方面)的分歧，则接介词withI differ from you in character.I differ with your on/about/over this subject.同时differ from=be different from; differ with=disagree withDifferentiate是动词，既是及物动词，也是不及物动词，如表示区别区分，则加介词between，如表示分辨，区别，则使用fromI can not differentiate between goats and sheep=I can not differentiate goats from sheep.Indifferent意思是冷漠的，不关心的，不积极的---indifferent to---She is indifferent to her address.Confer sth on sb---The principal conferred a medal on him.Infer from…that从...中推断出Prefer后面要加to，同样的preferable ,也要加to，但是preference 后面加for，除非使用in preference to=rather than, instead ofI have a preference for banana. My preference is for banana rather than apples.I should choose tea in preference to coffee.Refer to…as…把...称为Suffer from---受痛苦，患病---The old man is suffering from gout.5. in difficulties处境困难-- It lands writers in difficulties. 它使作家们陷入困境.With difficulty是with ease的反义词，意思是”困难地)Have difficulty (in)doing(sth)=have difficulty with sth在(做)...方面有困难6. be indignant with sb; be indignant at/about/over sth7. direct…to doing sth---He directd his energies to improving conditions.Direct to/at正对，指向---His remarks were directed at you.8. discuss是一个及物动词，所以We ought to discuss your holiday date.; discussion +about---We ought to have a discussion about your holiday date.9. distinguish是一个及物动词也可以做不及物动词I can not distinguish him from his brother;distinguish=(make distinction) between good from bad.Distinct有两个意思，第一个是”不同的”要接from--- Domicile is distinct from nationality. 住所与国籍不同.第二个意思是”清楚的,明显的”--- The warbler has adistinctive song ---”刺嘴莺有独特的歌喉”10 an individual style独特的风格11 do away with废掉，去掉To do away with evil and must do it wholly 去恶务尽to do away with bad practices 根绝弊端have something to do with; have nothing to do with12. out of doors在户外13. doubt怀疑...不是(表示不相信)---I doubt of this is what he wants我看这不见得是他所要的suspect怀疑...是(表示相信)doubt, doubtful如果接从句在肯定句中后面接whether, if; 在否定句中后面接thatdoubtless是一个副词意思是”无意地，肯定地”dubious注意拼写不是doubious;doubt/doubtful/ dubious + about/of sth后面接sth的时候都加about或of1. drunk是表语，drunken是定语;The man is drunk. A drunken man2. the drop in price物价的下的;a drop in the ocean沧海一粟，九牛一毛3. be uneasy about sth./in doing sth为某事担心或不安----I am uneasy about his future. His words eased me of my anxiety.Ease可以做动词也可以做形容词Ease sb of sth---缓和，减轻(痛苦，负担)---to ease the patient of pain 减轻病人的痛苦Ease做名词轻松容易---with ease容易地---He solved the problem with great ease.Ease做名词舒适，自由自在---at ease---She feels at ease when she is with me.4. economics是单复同形，如果做单数性则表示”经济学”，复数性则表示”经济状况，经济因素”The economics of this project are still being considered.Be economical of/with money.省钱5. delegate即使名词也是动词He was delegated to the negotiation.The chief delegate to the negotiation.Intellect:理解力，治理，非凡的材质，才华出众的人;intellectual:知识分子(可以加s做复数)6. in early phase早期阶段;in phase同相位的，同时协调的7. be employed in(doing)sth从事于--- he children were employed in painting. 孩子们忙于画画儿.Tbe employed to do sth被雇佣来做--- He i employed to restore the paintings. 他被雇修复这些画.s8. engagement with sb意思是与某人约会--- I have an engagement with him this afternoon. 今天午后我和他有个约会.engagement to sb意思是与人的婚约9. in mortgage是在抵押中;on mortgage是以抵押的方式10. crazy/mad/enthusiastic + about意思是热衷，着迷11. be envious/jealous + of嫉妒;但是envious还有羡慕的意思12. be equal to + doing在表示”胜任”时，后面加doing---He is not equal to teaching English.13. 在做装备，装潢解释的时候furnish/equip/decorate/ornament A with B，ornament既是名词也是动词14. in essence本质上基本上;essentially本质上的基本上的15. by mistake=in error16. at all events无论如何---She had a terrible accident, but at all events she wasn’t killed.In the event of如果...发生，万一，后面接名词In the event of fire, ring the alarmbell.17. with the exception of=except, except for;但是在there is no exception to这类句子中就要使用to而不用of18. inhibit sth; inhibit sb from doing sth; prohibit sb from doing sth forbid sb to do sthprohibition against1. initiate into使入门，使初步了解,接纳(新成员)，让...加入The book initiates us into the customs in Africa.They initiated me into the sports club.The initial stage(s) of an undertaking---事业创办时期To initiate an undertaking---创办一事业项Take the initiative (in doing sth.)--- Charles is shy and does not take the initiative in making acquaintances.Do sth on one’s own initiative---主动做某事2. a period of transition---过渡时期;China in transition转变中的中国in transit在运输中，在途中，transit是名词或形容词，名词意思是转运，运输，形容词是中转的，过境的，并非动词3. in retrospect回想起来，事后看起来---In retrospect all successful policies seem preordained.A job with good prospect很有前途的工作4. be expert in/at---be expert in /at driving a car; an expert in/at mathematics数学专家;an expert on skin disease皮肤病专家5. experiment既是动词也是名词;experiment on用...做试验---experiment on frogs用青蛙做实验;experiment with试验...---experiment with medicinal herbs试验草药6. be faced with面临...(被动遭遇);face:应付困难(主动正视)In the face of:在...前面，不顾，即使---She exhibited no fear in the face of danger.Superficial knowledge肤浅的知识7. manufacture首先是一个动词，然后可以做名词意思是(大量)制造，制造业---the steel manufacture，其复数形式表示制造品，产品silk manufactures丝织品8. effect是一个名词;the effect of A on B;side effect药物的副作用;the cause and effect of the matter问题的因果关系;come/go into effect; bring/carry/put…into effectSmoking affects your health.Smoking has an effect on your health.The effect of smoking on your health.Effective有效的，生效的---be effective against对抵抗...有效，efficient 效率高的，(人)有能力的Be deficient in缺少...---Water is deficient in the desert.沙漠里缺水。