ENGLISH CHINESE
SINO-FOREIGN EQUITY JOINT VENTURE CONTRACT中外合资经营合同
relating to关于
DEFINITIONS AND INTERPRETATION定义与解释
CONDITIONALITY条件限制
ESTABLISHMENT OF THE COMPANY公司的设立
PURPOSE AND BUSINESS OF THE COMPANY公司的宗旨和业务
TOTAL INVESTMENT 投资总额
REGISTERED CAPITAL注册资本
RESERVED MATTERS保留事项
DEADLOCK RESOLUTION僵局的解决
BOARD OF DIRECTORS董事会
PROCEEDINGS OF THE BOARD董事会的程序
MANAGEMENT管理
SUPERVISORS监事
LABOUR MANAGEMENT劳动管理
ACCESS TO INFORMATION AND ACCOUNTS获得资料和账目
BUSINESS PLANS经营计划
SALES OF PRODUCTS 产品销售
PURCHASE OF RAW MATERIALS原料采购
TAX, FINANCIALS AND ACCOUNTING税务、财务和会计
DIVIDEND POLICY红利政策
INSURANCE保险
OPERATION OF BANK ACCOUNTS银行账户的操作
RESTRICTIONS ON DEALING WITH EQUITY INTEREST对股权交易的限制
PERMITTED TRANSFERS允许的转让
TRANSFER OF EQUITY INTEREST ON DEFAULT违约转让股权
POST-LISTING CHANGE OF CONTROL上市后控制权变更
COMPLETION OF EQUITY INTEREST TRANSFERS完成股权转让
CONSENT TO TRANSFER FOR THE PURPOSES OF THE ARTICLES OF
同意为章程目的进行的转让ASSOCIATION
EFFECT OF DEED OF ADHERENCE守约契据的效力
SHAREHOLDER UNDERTAKINGS股东承诺
UNDERTAKINGS BY THE COMPANY公司的承诺
PROTECTIVE COVENANTS保障约定
CONFIDENTIALITY保密
ANNOUNCEMENTS公告
TERMINATION终止
WINDING-UP清算
LANGUAGE语言
ASSIGNMENT转让
ENTIRE AGREEMENT完整协议
NOTICES通知
REMEDIES AND WAIVERS救济和弃权
NO PARTNERSHIP不合伙
COSTS AND EXPENSES费用和花费COUNTERPARTS文本
CHOICE OF GOVERNING LAW适用法律选择ARBITRATION AGREEMENT仲裁约定
schedule附件
Articles of Association公司章程
Services Agreement服务协议
Trade Mark Licence Agreement商标许可协议
Know-How Licence Agreement专利知识许可协议
Personal Undertakings个人承诺
Shareholder Loan Contract股东贷款合同
Code of Business Conduct商业行为规范
Parent Company Guarantee母公司保证
Foreign Shareholder Opinion外国股东意见
First Shareholder第一股东
Second Shareholder第二股东
WHEREAS鉴于
high pressure diesel common rails高压柴油共轨系统
On the basis of the principles of equality and mutual benefit根据平等互利的原则
after friendly negotiations经友好协商
implementing rules实施细则
other relevant laws and regulations of the PRC以及其他相关的中国法律法规have agreed to enter into this contract for the purpose of 已同意签订本合同以
IT IS AGREED as follows兹协议如下
In this contract:本合同中
Accounting Period会计期
Acquiring Company收购方公司
clause第
Change of Control控制权变化
Affiliate关联企业
body corporate法人团体
issued equity interest已发行股权
share capital股本
voting rights投票权
Agreed Form约定形式
Ancillary Agreements附属协议
Articles of Association章程
set out in所列
are amended or replaced经修订或替代
in accordance with根据
Associated Person关联人
officers, employees, agents官员、雇员、代理人
any member of its Group其集团的任何成员
any subcontractor任何分包商
performs services for or on behalf of为或代提供服务
board of directors of the Company from time to time公司不时的董事会
Business业务
as so altered如变更所指
Business Day营业日
other than a Saturday or Sunday星期六或星期天之外的
other than solely for trading and settlement in euro仅进行欧元交易与结算的除外on which banks are open for business银行开张营业
Chairman董事长
has the meaning in具有的含义
bribery and corruption policy贿赂与腐败政策
to the extent permitted by PRC laws applicable to the Company中国法律允许并适用于公司 total equity interest of the relevant company有关公司股权总额
and/or及/或
individually or collectively单独地或共同地
to ensure that the activities and business of the relevant company are conducted in accordance with their wishes 有关公司的活动与业务按照他们的意愿进行的能力
Deadlock Memoranda僵局备忘录
Deadlock Notice僵局通知
Deadlock Option Notice僵局选择权通知
Defaulting Shareholder违约股东
Default Notice违约通知
Disposal处置
in relation to an Equity Interest includes, without limitation就某股权而言，包括但不限于sale, assignment or transfer出售、让渡或转让
creating or permitting to subsist创设或允许其存在
any pledge, charge, mortgage, lien or other security interest or encumbrance 质押、抵押、留置或其他担保权益或者负担
creating any trust or conferring any interest创设任何信托或授予任何权益any agreement, arrangement or understanding 协议、安排或者谅解
the right to receive dividends股息收取权
renunciation or assignment放弃或让渡
subscribe or receive认购或收取
Equity Interest 股权
any agreement to do any of the above进行任何上述行为的任何协议 is conditional on compliance with the terms of this contract以遵守本协议为条件
by operation of law以法律规定
pursuant to PRC law根据中国法律规定
including all rights and benefits包括全部权利与利益
Event of Default违约事件
General Manager总经理
vice-General Manager副总经理
wholly-owned subsidiary全资附属公司
at the relevant time在相关时间点
including, without limitation包括但不限于
Group Transferee集团受让人
as amended from time to time经不时修订
Listing上市
stock exchange证券交易
Long Stop Date最后期限日
MOFCOM商务部
Ministry of Commerce of the PRC and/or any of its local branches中国的商务部及/或其任何地方机构Original Examination and Approval Authority原审批机关
Original Holder原持有人
Pre-contractual Statement前合同声明
Prescribed Value规定价值
the official currency of the PRC中国的法定流通货币
SAIC国家工商总局
State Administration of Industry and Commerce of the PRC and/or its local branches 中国的国家工商行政管理总局及/或其地方机构
Shareholder Loan股东贷款
Shareholder Loan Contract股东贷款合同
Shareholders各股东
the benefit of this contract is extended to本合同项下利益延及
Specified Equity Interest特定股权
Subscribed Equity Interest认购的股权
Target Company目标公司
Ultimate Parent最终母公司
(if any)（如有）
for the purposes of this definition在本定义中
Working Hours工作小时数
Interpretation解释
In construing this contract, unless otherwise specified:解释本合同的过程中，除非另有规定：references to clauses and schedules 凡提及条款和附件
gender性别
shall be construed so as to include均应解释为包括
any individual, firm, company, government, state or agency of a state, local or municipal
authority or government body or any joint venture, association or partnership 任何个人、商号、公司、政府、州或州机构、地方
或市政机关或政府部门或任何合资企业、联营或合伙企业
（无论是否具有独立法律人格）
re-enacted重新颁布
including within the phra se “Business Day”包括在词语“营业日”中的日shall be deemed to 应视为
equivalent amount 等值金额
Chinese Standard Time中国标准时间
indemnifying and keeping him harmless进行赔偿并使其免受损害
on an after tax basis在税后基础上
all actions, claims and proceedings 所有行动、索赔和程序
loss,damage, payments, costs or expenses损失、损害、付款、成本或费用amended, varied, novated or supplemented修订、变更、更新或补充
other than in breach of the provisions of this contract但违反本合同规定的除外headings and titles标题和题目
are for convenience only 仅为方便所设
action, remedy, method of judicial proceeding,
legal document, legal status, court, official or any legal concept or thing 行动、救济、司法程序方法、法律文件、法律地位、
法庭、官方或任何法律概念或事物
general words广义词语
shall have the same force and effect具有同等效力
expressly set out in the body of this contract如同本合同正文中明确规定Provisions not affected by conditionality不受条件影响的条款governmental, statutory or regulatory body其他政府、法律或监管部门satisfaction of Conditions满足条件
shall use best endeavours应竭尽全力
Non-satisfaction of Conditions未满足条件
comes to the notice书面披露
in all respects 所有条件
automatically terminate 自动终止
For the avoidance of doubt为避免产生疑问
all rights and liabilities of the parties which have
accrued before such termination shall continue to exist 双方在终止之前已经发生的所有权利和责任仍继续存在。
Joint Venture Parties合资双方
The parties to this contract are:本合同的双方是
Legal address法定地址
Authorised representative授权代表
Title职务
Nationality国籍
Name and address of the Company公司名称和地址
The name of the Company in English shall be公司的英文名称是
The name of the Company in Chinese shall be公司的中文名称是
The legal address of the Company shall be [●] Floor, [●] Building公司的法定地址是[l]栋[l]层Nature of the Company公司性质
with the status of a legal person具有法人资格
Limited liability有限责任
organisation form组织形式
limited liability company有限责任公司
act or omission作为或不作为
a material breach of any provisions of this contract严重违反本合同的任何规定 wilful misconduct故意行为不端
Profits and Losses利润和损失
in proportion to 根据比例
General综述
Except to the extent that除外
strengthen economic cooperation 加强经济合作manufacture and assemble制造和装配
to the specifications required by specific customers按照特定客户要求的规格contributions to the registered capital of the Company对公司注册资本出资prior unanimous approval 事先一致批准
shortfall 差额
pledge, charge, mortgage, lien or other security interest or encumbrance 质押、押记、抵押、留置权或其它担保权益或权利负担
Verification of capital contributions验资
accounting firm 会计事务所
as agreed between and appointed by经同意并任命
capital contribution verification report验资报告
investment certificates出资证明
promptly inform及时通知
Further funding进一步提供资金
Unanimous Board approval董事会全体一致批准
wind up or liquidate 清盘或清算
filing of a petition提出请求
repayment of capital or assets偿还资本或资产
introduction or discontinuance 引进或不再继续
the establishment of any business, subsidiary or branch;设立任何企业、分公司或子公司the terms of the quotations 报价条款
entering into, variation or termination签订、变更或终止
ordinary scope正常范围
commencement or settlement开始或解决
including related costs包括相关费用
indebtedness借贷
on normal commercial terms通常业务过程中
early repayment提前清偿
creation or redemption设定或赎回
entering into or variation of any transaction签订或变更任何交易
shall not imply or be deemed to be不应意味着或被视为Circulation of memoranda僵局情况
Referral to提交
use all reasonable endeavours to resolve it尽一切合理努力解决之Voluntary non-binding mediation自愿无约束力的调解
be borne equally by 由平等承担
shall have failed to resolve the disagreement未能解决分歧
Highest authority最高权力机构
Composition of the Board董事会的组成
exercises its option行使其选择权
Appointment and removal任免
vacancy被免除职务
Alternate directors代理董事
Indemnity赔偿
exercise his responsibilities无法履行其职责
casting vote 决定性的一票Frequency and location次数和地点
Convening Board meetings董事会会议的召集Notice of Board meetings董事会会议的通知Wherever practicable如果可行
be accompanied by an agenda 附上相关议程
shall not affect the validity of 不影响的有效性
sub-clause (A)第A款
Quorum 法定人数
the meeting be reconvened延期举行会议
reconvened meeting延期举行的会议
Voting表决
Participation arrangements参会安排
be conducted in English使用英文进行
conference telephone电话会议
be present in person亲自出席会议
count towards构成
Written resolutions书面决议
Minutes of Board meetings董事会会议纪要
at the expense of费用由承担
formation of or modification to制定或修改
serve for consecutive terms连任
retirement, resignation, illness or death 退休、辞职、生病或死亡Remuneration报酬
monitoring the financial affairs监督财务
ensure compliance with this contract保证遵守本合同
recruitment, employment, dismissal, resignation, remuneration, labour insurance, welfare benefits and bonuses 招聘、聘用、解雇、辞职、报酬、劳动保险、社会福利和奖金
to the extent required by the relevant PRC laws需在相关中国法律所要求的范围内individual labour contracts 个人劳动合同
employment terms聘用条款
be determined collectively共同决定
ACCESS TO INFORMATION AND ACCOUNTS获得资料和账目
Retention of Records记录保存
be retained for period of at least保存至少
Provision of information by Directors由董事会提供资料
is irrevocably authorised被不可撤销地授予
Management accounts管理会计
Annual accounts年度报表
draft accounts 账目草案
in normal circumstances 通常情况下
audited accounts经审计账目
Accounting Period会计期
business objectives经营目标
immediate and longer-term progress milestones近期和长远发展里程碑
organisation structure组织结构
staffing levels人员编制
market and business forecasts市场和业务预测
appropriate explanations适当解释
proposed strategy所拟定战略
details of the assumptions used使用假定详情
annual budget 年度预算
monthly revenues月收入
operating expenses营业费用
operating results经营成果
net interest expenses净利息费用
quarterly capital expenditures季度资本支出
cash flow现金流量
balance sheet损益表
expected funding requirements预计资金需要
proposed methods拟定方法
cash flow return on investment投资的现金流回报
summary annual budget年度预算摘要
Adoption of Business Plans经营计划的通过
after-tax profits税后利润
enterprise development fund企业发展基金
employee welfare bonus fund 员工福利基金
unless unanimously agreed otherwise by 除非另行一致约定
bookkeeping base currency记账本位币
lawfully available合法获得的
be distributed by annual dividend payments按年度红利派发
making up any accumulated losses from previous Accounting Periods弥补此前会计期的累计损失
in light of根据
policies, practice and recommendations 政策、惯例和建议
promissory notes本票
face values面值
without the unanimous approval of the Board未经董事会一致批准，不得作出without the signature of the legal representative of the Company未经公司的法定代表人签字，不得做出Restrictions on disposals处置限制
Voluntary share transfers自愿转股
shall be permitted without the prior written consent of 未经事先书面批准，不得PERMITTED TRANSFERS允许的转让
Transfers within a Group在集团内部转让
Group Transferee leaving the Group集团受让人离开集团
Original Holder原始持有人
Information and evidence资料和证据
transferor and transferee转让人和受让人
is in breach of this contract违反本合同
in which case在此情况下
material or persistent breach of any of the provisions of this contract 实质性或持续违反本合同的任何规定if capable of remedy如能够救济
as a result of or in connection with 因或与之相关
a reasonable period of time合理期限内
grace period宽限期
stated date of payment所声明的付款日
however described无论如何定义
as the case may be视情况而定
are cashed out获得现金支付
are compensated by other means以其他方式补偿
Trigger event触发事件
This clause shall apply if如则适用本条款
is anticipated or has taken place预期会发生或已发生
On the occurrence of 发生时
legal and beneficial ownership法定和受益所有权
irrevocable written consent 不可撤销的书面同意Encumbrances and rights权利负担
free of encumbrances and with all rights attaching thereto 不存在任何权利负担并且其上所附的所有权利
the seller and the purchaser卖方和买方at face value按照账面价值give effect to实现PROTECTIVE COVENANTS保障约定Covenants约定
whilst it remains a在作为期间ceases to be 不再
confer商讨
solicit the custom招揽客户entice away from怂恿
the foregoing things上述事项Separate undertakings单独承诺Each party各方Confidential information保密信息Each party shall:各方
any person任何人
other than除
in order to 以
for the purpose of 以为目的
a party to this contract为本合同的缔约方Permitted disclosure获准披露Notwithstanding the previous provisions of this clause尽管本条款有上述规定any party任何一方
to the extent required by law依据法律规定governmental body 政府机构
wherever situated无论其地点
professional advisers专业顾问
auditors审计师
bankers银行家
have a duty to 有义务
come into the public domain 进入公共领域
through no fault of that party非因该方之错
Duration of obligations义务期间
apply to each party继续对各方适用
without limit in time无时效限制
any party may任何一方可
whether or not无论是否
Duration of restrictions限制期间
business licence营业执照
or 或
provided that但是
relieve from liability for免除责任
prior to the date of such termination在该终止之前
continue in full force and effect保持完全效力
winding-up committee清算委员会
have the right to represent有权代表
be responsible for负责
principles provided therein其中规定的相关原则
consist of包括
be appointed from amongst从中委任
external professional advisers外部专业顾问
conduct a thorough review 进行充分核查
assets and liabilities of the Company公司的资产和责任
work out制订
subject to the approval of 获得批准
be implemented under the supervision of 在的监督下执行
selling prices销售价格
remuneration 酬劳
outstanding obligations未偿债务
comply with all other formalities necessary办理所需一切其他手续This contract is written in both English and Chinese本合同应以英文和中文书就have equal validity and effect具有同等效力
in connection with this contract与本合同有关的
accompanied by 随附提供receiving party接收方
shall be entitled to应有权
be binding on具有约束力
this contract本合同
Whole and only agreement完整且唯一的协议 Ancillary Agreements附属协议together constitute共同构成between the parties双方之间
No reliance on Pre-contractual Statements不依赖前合同声明Each party acknowledges that 各方认可
in entering into this contract签订本合同
relying upon 依赖
Exclusion of other rights of action其他行动权除外Except in the case of fraud除欺诈情形外
no party shall任何一方均不得For the purposes of this clause为本条款之目的
营销和广告术语中英对照 Prepared on 24 November 2020
营销和广告术语 类别中文English 营销调研态度测试attitude tests 中心场所测试central location tests 混杂测试clutter tests 直接提问法direct questioning 试验法experimental method 小组讨论focus group 正试调查formal research 成见效应halo effect 深度访问in-depth interview 非正式/ 试调查informal research 查询测试inquiry tests 深度调查技术intensive techniques 营销信息系统marketing information system, MIS 营销调查marketing research 市场markets 媒介种类media class 媒介调查media research 媒介细分media subclass 媒介单位media units 媒介载体media vehicles 产品merchandise 讯息message 动机motives 非概率抽样nonprobability samples 观察法observation method 事后测试post-testing 事前测试pre-testing 初级信息primary data 投射法projective techniques
定性调查qualitative research 定量调查quantitative research
广告术语中英文对照 American Academy of Advertising ) American Association of Advertising Agencies Audit Bureau of Circulations American Marketing Association activity, interesting, opinion IAA （ 国际广告协会 ） International Advertising Association POP 广告 point of purchases SWO 分析、优劣势分析 strength, weakness, opportunity, threat 案头研究 desk research 版权 copyright 包装 package 保存率 keeping rate 报价 quotation, cost estimate 备忘录 memo 调查对象 interviewee, respondent, participant 比稿 competition, pitch 比较广告 comparative advertising 边际效用 marginal utility 标题 headline 标志 logo, mark 草稿 rough 草图 sketch 插图 illustration 差异性（策略） differentiation 蒙太奇 montage 免费赠品 give away AAA （美国广告院校协会） AAAA, 4A 's （ 美国广告代理商协会 ABC （ 广告发行量稽查会 ） AMA （美国市场营销协会 ） AIO （ 行为、兴趣、观点数据库 ）
鞋业（类）常用术语中英文对照 --－欧维思品牌鞋业折扣店 --http://biz.doczj.com/doc/938094775.html, 目录 第一章：Stage 阶段………………………………P2-P10 第二章技术……………………………P7-P15 第三章鞋型转移……………………………P16-P17 欧维思品牌鞋业折扣店招商加盟网--http://biz.doczj.com/doc/938094775.html,- 1 -
第一章：Stage 阶段 ----欧维思品牌鞋业折扣店http://biz.doczj.com/doc/938094775.html, I.3.1. Two main sections in Dev. Division 开发的两大部分： 1. Development section: explain more in process of new models to make samples in order to introduce market to achieve qty. 开发部分：此部分着重于新型体的样品制作，以便可介绍给客户来争取一定数量的订单。 http://biz.doczj.com/doc/938094775.html,mercialization section: explain more in process of technical after it was developed with Fitting test and Wear test to ensure that all products meet consumers’ expectations in terms of Fitting, Comfort and Performance. 技术部分：开发转移到技术部门，此阶段着重于在开发阶段完成试穿测试, 确保产品在试穿/舒适/功能方面可满足客户的要求后进行的技术工作。 I.3.2. Development Stages 开发阶段 I.3.2.1. PPR: Pre Prototype Review 初始线条评估 1st stage to review all sample products Internally by customer ( Marketing,designer,L.O) For performance shoes, we have Fitting and Wear Test Sample to be sent. * The topics of review are : 1. Material 2. Quality 3. Performance 4. Price 5. Color 6. Design 7. Forecast 客人内部（市场销售、设计师、本地客人）对于新鞋型第一阶段之评估。 对于功能性鞋型，我们要寄Fitting test &Wear test试穿样品。 此时检查要点如下： 1、材料 2、品质 3、功能 4、价格 5、颜色 6、设计 7、订单预测 I.3.2.2. PFR:Prototype Final Review 最后线条评估 Final stage to review all sample shoes before introducing the products to the customers. At this time, all key points should be finally decided (Pattern / Design, Color,Price, Material (should be released), etc.). The result of Fitting Test should be considered for PPR meeting as a basic. 在全部新鞋型介绍给客户前之最后检查阶段，此时所有要点均需做出最后确定，如：纸版、设计、颜色、价位、材料（必须是通过了测试）等等。 寄出试样鞋时需附上试穿报告。此时的试穿结果是PPR 会议之基本考量点。 I.3.2.3. SMS1:Salesman Sample 1 销样一 欧维思品牌鞋业折扣店招商加盟网--http://biz.doczj.com/doc/938094775.html,- 2 -
营销调研态度测试attitude tests 中心场所测试central location tests 混杂测试clutter tests 直接提问法direct questioning 试验法experimental method 小组讨论focus group 正试调查formal research 成见效应halo effect 深度访问in-depth interview 非正式/试调查informal research 查询测试inquiry tests 深度调查技术intensive techniques 营销信息系统marketing information system, MIS 营销调查marketing research 市场markets 媒介种类media class 媒介调查media research 媒介细分media subclass 媒介单位media units 媒介载体media vehicles 产品merchandise 讯息message 动机motives 非概率抽样nonprobability samples 观察法observation method 事后测试post-testing 事前测试pre-testing 初级信息primary data 投射法projective techniques 定性调查qualitative research 定量调查quantitative research
随机概率抽样random probability samples 回忆测试recall tests 信度reliability 销售测试sales tests 样本sample 样本单位sample units 二级信息secondary data 全面调查survey 试验市场test market 通用产品代码universal product code 总体universe 营销调研效度validity 营销策划广告计划advertising plan 广告战略advertising strategy 自下而上式营销bottom-up marketing 传播媒介communications media 企业目标corporate objectives 创意组合creative mix 试验调查法empirical research method 整合营销传播integrated marketing communication 顾客终身价值lifetime customer value 营销目标marketing objectives 营销计划marketing plan 营销战略marketing strategy 需求一满足式目标need-satisfying objectives 目标/任务法objective/task method 销售百分比法percentage-of -sales method 产品概念product concept 关系营销relationship marketing
熟练掌握名目繁多金融术语除了是专业人士的必修课外，在金融渗透、人人参与投资的时代，了解一些常用的金融术语也对普通投资者们大有益处。本文就为你详细列举了一些常用的可中英文对照的金融术语，帮助你了解生活中的金融。 金融 资产组合(Portfolio):指投资者持有的一组资产。一个资产多元化的投资组合 通常会包含股票、债券、货币市场资产、现金以及实物资产如黄金等。 证券投资(Portfolio Investment) :国际收支中、资本帐下的一个项目，反映资 本跨国进行证券投资的情况，与直接投资不同，后者涉及在国外设立公司开展业务，直接参与公司的经营管理。证券投资则一般只是被动地持有股票或债券。 投资组合经理(Portfolio Manager):替投资者管理资产组合的人，通常获授权 在约定规范下自由运用资金。共同基金的投资组合经理负责执行投资策略，将资金投资在各类资产上。 头寸(Positio n):就证券投资而言，头寸是指在一项资产上做多(即拥有)或做空(即借入待还)的数量。 总资产收益率(ROTA):资产收益率是企业净利润与平均资产总额地百分比，也 叫资产回报率(ROA)，它是用来衡量每单位资产创造多少净利润的指标。其计 算公式为：资产收益率二净利润/平均资产总额X 100% ；该指标越高，表明企业 资产利用效果越好，说明企业在增加收入和节约资金使用等方面取得了良好的效果，否则相反。 整批交易(Round Lot Trade):指按证券和商品在市场最普遍的交易单位(例如 100股为一单位)进行的交易。 交易回合(Round Turn):指在同一市场上通过对两种证券或合约一买一卖，或 一卖一买的交易两相抵消。通常在计算手续费时会提及交易回合。
轮椅升降机 Wheel chair lift 图例 legend 工位 station 吊运装置 overhead hoist 更衣室 restroom 1号厂房工艺布置方案图 proposal of the Plant I layout 合笼 mate 底盘平移台 chassis shuttle 车辆转移台 bus transfer 前围角板 front wall angle cover 后围侧板 rear wall side cover 保险杠 bumper 三类底盘 three type chassis 左侧围应力蒙皮 R/S stretching skin (road side) 中涂 floating coat 拼装台 collector 切割轮口 wheel -arch cutting 内饰 trim 线束 harness 返工 re-doing 轮罩护板 wheel house 发车前准备 pre-delivery 举升 hoist 小批量产品 be pilot 2 套 two kits 配电站 power transformer substation 裙板 skirt 发动机托架 engine holding frame 诊断报警系统 diagnosis and alarming system 互换性 interchangeability 缩微图纸 microfiche files 总装 final assembly 磷化 phosphating 仪表板 dash board 切齐 trimming 结构完整性 structure integrity 自动愈合的防腐材料 self-healing corrosion preventative material 长途客车 inter-city bus 改装厂 refitting factory 遮阳板 sun visor 随车工具 tool box 钢化玻璃 toughened grass 异形钢管 special steel pipe 全天候空调系统 full range A/C
广告术语中英文对照 AAA（美国广告院校协会） American Academy of Advertising AAAA, 4A’s (美国广告代理商协会) American Association of Advertising Agencies ABC (广告发行量稽查会) Audit Bureau of Circulations AMA (美国市场营销协会) American Marketing Association AIO (行为、兴趣、观点数据库) activity, interesting, opinion IAA (国际广告协会) International Advertising Association POP广告 point of purchases SWOT分析、优劣势分析 strength, weakness, opportunity, threat 案头研究 desk research 版权 copyright 包装 package 保存率 keeping rate 报价 quotation, cost estimate 备忘录 memo 调查对象 interviewee, respondent, participant 比稿 competition, pitch 比较广告 comparative advertising 边际效用 marginal utility 标题 headline 标志 logo, mark 草稿 rough 草图 sketch 插图 illustration 差异性（策略） differentiation 蒙太奇 montage 免费赠品 give away 命名 naming
计算机编程英语词汇算法常用术语中英对照 Data Structures 基本数据结构 Dictionaries 字典 Priority Queues 堆 Graph Data Structures 图 Set Data Structures 集合 Kd-Trees 线段树 Numerical Problems 数值问题 Solving Linear Equations 线性方程组 Bandwidth Reduction 带宽压缩 Matrix Multiplication 矩阵乘法 Determinants and Permanents 行列式 Constrained and Unconstrained Optimization 最值问题Linear Programming 线性规划 Random Number Generation 随机数生成 Factoring and Primality Testing 因子分解/质数判定Arbitrary Precision Arithmetic 高精度计算Knapsack Problem 背包问题 Discrete Fourier Transform 离散Fourier变换Combinatorial Problems 组合问题 Sorting 排序 Searching 查找 Median and Selection 中位数 Generating Permutations 排列生成 Generating Subsets 子集生成 Generating Partitions 划分生成 Generating Graphs 图的生成 Calendrical Calculations 日期 Job Scheduling 工程安排 Satisfiability 可满足性 Graph Problems -- polynomial 图论-多项式算法Connected Components 连通分支 Topological Sorting 拓扑排序 Minimum Spanning Tree 最小生成树 Shortest Path 最短路径 Transitive Closure and Reduction 传递闭包Matching 匹配 Eulerian Cycle / Chinese Postman Euler回路/中国邮路Edge and Vertex Connectivity 割边/割点 Network Flow 网络流 Drawing Graphs Nicely 图的描绘 Drawing Trees 树的描绘 Planarity Detection and Embedding 平面性检测和嵌入Graph Problems -- hard 图论-NP问题 1 / 20
第一部分计算机算法常用术语中英对照 Data Structures 基本数据结构Dictionaries 字典Priority Queues 堆Graph Data Structures 图Set Data Structures 集合Kd-Trees 线段树Numerical Problems 数值问题Solving Linear Equations 线性方程组Fourier变换Bandwidth Reduction 带宽压缩Matrix Multiplication 矩阵乘法Satisfiability 可满足性Determinants and Permanents 行列式Linear Programming 线性规划Matching 匹配Constrained and Unconstrained Optimization 最值问题Clique 最大团Cryptography 密码Random Number Generation 随机数生成Shortest Path 最短路径recursion递归Factoring and Primality Testing 因子分解/质数判定Searching 查找Sorting 排序Arbitrary Precision Arithmetic 高精度计算Calendrical Calculations 日期 Discrete Fourier Transform 离散Combinatorial Problems 组合问题 Median and Selection 中位数Generating Permutations 排列生成 Generating Subsets 子集生成Generating Partitions 划分生成 Generating Graphs 图的生成Job Scheduling 工程安排 Graph Problems -- polynomial 图论-多项式算法Connected Components 连通分支Topological Sorting 拓扑排序Minimum Spanning Tree 最小生成树Transitive Closure and Reduction 传递闭包Network Flow 网络流 Eulerian Cycle / Chinese Postman Euler回路/中国邮路 Edge and Vertex Connectivity 割边/割点Independent Set 独立集 Drawing Graphs Nicely 图的描绘Drawing Trees 树的描绘 Planarity Detection and Embedding 平面性检测和嵌入Vertex Cover 点覆盖 Graph Problems -- hard 图论-NP问题Traveling Salesman Problem 旅行商问题Hamiltonian Cycle Hamilton回路Graph Partition 图的划分 Vertex Coloring 点染色Edge Coloring 边染色 Graph Isomorphism 同构Steiner Tree Steiner树 Feedback Edge/Vertex Set 最大无环子图Computational Geometry 计算几何 Convex Hull 凸包Triangulation 三角剖分 V oronoi Diagrams V oronoi图Nearest Neighbor Search 最近点对查询Range Search 范围查询Point Location 位置查询 Intersection Detection 碰撞测试Bin Packing 装箱问题 Medial-Axis Transformation 中轴变换Polygon Partitioning 多边形分割Simplifying Polygons 多边形化简Shape Similarity 相似多边形 Motion Planning 运动规划Maintaining Line Arrangements 平面分割Minkowski Sum Minkowski和Set and String Problems 集合与串的问题 Set Cover 集合覆盖Set Packing 集合配置 Approximate String Matching 模糊匹配Text Compression 压缩 DP—Dynamic Programming动态规划Longest Common Substring 最长公共子串Shortest Common Superstring 最短公共父串String Matching 模式匹配 Finite State Machine Minimization 有穷自动机简化
加工processing 反应性加工reactive processing 等离子体加工plasma processing 加工性processability 熔体流动指数melt [flow] index 门尼粘度Mooney index 塑化plasticizing 增塑作用plasticization 内增塑作用internal plasticization 外增塑作用external plasticization 增塑溶胶plastisol 增强reinforcing 增容作用compatibilization 相容性compatibility 相溶性intermiscibility 生物相容性biocompatibility 血液相容性blood compatibility 组织相容性tissue compatibility 混炼milling, mixing 素炼mastication 塑炼plastication 过炼dead milled 橡胶配合rubber compounding 共混blend 捏和kneading 冷轧cold rolling 压延性calenderability 压延calendaring 埋置embedding 压片performing 模塑molding 模压成型compression molding 压缩成型compression forming 冲压模塑impact moulding, shock moulding 叠模压塑stack moulding 复合成型composite molding 注射成型injection molding 注塑压缩成型injection compression molding 射流注塑jet molding 无流道冷料注塑runnerless injection molding 共注塑coinjection molding 气辅注塑gas aided injection molding 注塑焊接injection welding 传递成型transfer molding
常用保险术语 保险费率 premium rate 单位保险金额应该收取的保险费。 损失 loss 非故意的、非预期的和非计划的经济价值的减少或灭失。通常分为直接损失和间接损失。 损失程度 loss severity 保险标的可能遭受的损失的严重程度。 直接损失 direct loss 由风险事故导致的财产本身的损失。 间接损失 indirect loss 由直接损失引起的额外费用损失、收入损失和责任损失等无形损失。 保险 insurance 投保人根据合同约定，向保险人支付保险费，保险人对于合同约定的可能发生的事故因其发生所造成的财产损失承担赔偿保险金责任，或者当被保险人死亡、伤残、疾病或者达到合同约定的年龄、期限时承担给付保险金责任的商业保险行为。 财产保险 property insurance 以财产及其有关利益为保险标的的保险。 企业财产保险 commercial property insurance 以单位、团体所有或占有的在指定地点的财产及其有关利益为保险标的的财产保险。 营业中断保险 business interruption insurance 以单位因停产、停业或经营受影响而面临的预期利润的减少及必要的费用支出为保险标的的财产保险。 机器损坏保险 machinery breakdown insurance 以各类已安装完毕并投入运行的机器为保险标的财产保险。 货物运输保险 cargo insurance 以运输途中的货物为保险标的保险。 海上货物运输保险 ocean marine cargo insurance 以通过海上运输方式运输的货物作为保险标的的保险。 陆上货物运输保险 inland transit insurance 以通过陆上运输方式运输的货物为保险标的的保险。
PP Production Proveout 生产验证 TTO Tool Try-Out 工装设备试运行 (J1) Job 1 整车投产 DFMEA Design Failure Mode Effects Analysis 故障模式影响分析设计 DVP Design Verification Plan 设计验证计划 DVP&R Design Verification Plan & Report 设计验证计划和结果 FMEA Failure Mode Effects Analysis 故障模式影响分析 FPDS Ford Product Development System 福特产品开发系统 GYR Green-Yellow-Red 绿-黄-红 MRD Material Required Date 物料要求到厂日 OTT OK-TO-TOOL 可以开模 TKO Tooling-Kick-Off 工装启动 OEM original Equipment Manufacturer 设备最初制造厂 FtF/F2F Face To Face 面对面会议 PV Production Validation 产品验证 OTS Off-Tooling-Sample 完全工装样件 QOS Quality Operating System 质量运作体系 TS-16949 Technical Specification –16949 技术规范-16949 APQP Advanced Product Quality Planning 先期产品质量计划 IPD In Plant Date 进厂日 PPM Parts per Million (applied to defective Supplier parts) 零件的百万分比率（适用于供应商不合格零件）
影视广告专业术语中英文对照 影视广告拍摄中包含很多专业的术语，下面就用英文对照的方式进行介绍： AD Art Director 美术总监、艺术总监 AE Account Executive 客户总管 Audience 观众、听众 BS 卫星电视 CM Commercial Message 电视广播广告 CF Commercial Film 用电影胶片拍摄的电视广告 VCM Video Commercial Message 录像电视广告 CM Planner 电视广播广告策划者 CM Song 广告歌曲 CC Corporate Communication 企业信息交流 CI Corporate Identity 企业形象认同 CM time 广告时间 Copywriter 撰稿人 Corporate Mark 企业标志 Coverage 媒体覆盖率 Cow Catcher Hitch Hike 在正式节目前后的插播广告
Creative Director 创意总监 Comtinuity 分镜头脚本 F to T Film to Tape 较转磁 Golden Hour 黄金时段 G·R·P Gross Rating Point 总收视率 HUT Household using TV （家庭电视）收视率Informercial 信息广告 Marketing 市场营销、市场理论、营销理论Media 媒体、媒介 Media Mix 媒体组合 Media Representative 媒体代理 Media Vehicle 媒体载体 Mass Communication 新闻界 Narration （1）配音（2）解说 Official Supply 指定赞助商 Off Line 脱机，预备编辑 On Line 联机，正式编辑 Production （广告）制作公司Presentation 提案（会） Product Team （1）制作小组（2）摄制小组Producer 制作人
五金模具常用专业术语中英文对照表 上模座upper die set成型公form punch 脱料板stripper 垫板subplate/backup plate 下模座die plate滑块CAM slider 垫脚parallel 误检misfeeder 托板mounting plate顶料销kick off 初始管位first start pin带肩螺丝shoulder screw 两用销lifter pin氮气汽缸gas spring 弹簧护套spring cage 拔牙螺丝jack screw 侧冲组件cam section 导正装置guide equipment 漏废料孔slug hole刀口trim line 加强装置enhance equipment 入子insert 护套bushing 整形公restrike forming punch 止挡板stop plate 挂台head 扣位pocket of head 导柱guide post 导套guide bushing 油嘴oil nipple 接刀口mismatch/cookie bites 限位块stop block 挡块stopper 浮块lifter 压块keeper 靠块heel 对正块alignment block 简易模prototype tooling 检具gage/checking fixture 料带图strip layout 闭合高度shut hight 俯视图top view 料带strip 公差tolerance 正视图front view 走位travel 避位/空pocket 退磁demagnetization 间隙clearance 真空热外理vacuum heat treatment 镗孔mill hole 表面外理surface coasting 镀钛TD coasting 沉头counter sink 精锣finish mill 线割wire cutting 穿丝孔first wire hole 斜度taper 镭射laser-cut 上夹板/固定座holder/retainer 下模座lower die set 成刑母公forming die
数学mathematics, maths(BrE), math(AmE) 公理axiom 定理theorem 计算calculation 运算operation 证明prove 假设hypothesis, hypotheses(pl.) 命题proposition 算术arithmetic 加plus(prep.), add(v.), addition(n.) 被加数augend, summand 加数addend 和sum 减minus(prep.), subtract(v.), subtraction(n.) 被减数minuend 减数subtrahend 差remainder 乘times(prep.), multiply(v.), multiplication(n.) 被乘数multiplicand, faciend 乘数multiplicator 积product 除divided by(prep.), divide(v.), division(n.) 被除数dividend 除数divisor 商quotient 等于equals, is equal to, is equivalent to 大于is greater than 小于is lesser than 大于等于is equal or greater than
小于等于is equal or lesser than 运算符operator 平均数mean 算术平均数arithmatic mean 几何平均数geometric mean n个数之积的n次方根倒数（reciprocal）x的倒数为1/x 有理数rational number 无理数irrational number 实数real number 虚数imaginary number 数字digit 数number 自然数natural number 整数integer 小数decimal 小数点decimal point 分数fraction 分子numerator 分母denominator 比ratio 正positive 负negative 零null, zero, nought, nil 十进制decimal system 二进制binary system 十六进制hexadecimal system 权weight, significance 进位carry 截尾truncation
汽车电子技术常见术语中英文对照(Ⅰ) 随着电子技术在汽车领域的广泛应用,出现了大量的专业术语,特别是出现了大量的英文专业缩略术语,参考了大量资料的基础上,经整理、分类将汽车电子技术中常见术语进行了中英文对照。为便于查找,将各种缩略语划为微电脑部分、车身底盘部分、发动机部分及其它部分等共4个部分(表1～表4)。 1微电脑部分常见术语(表1) 表1微电脑部分常见术语 英文缩略语中文全称英文全称 Ａ/Ｄ模拟/数字ＡｎａｌｏｇｔｏＤｉｇｉｔａｌ ＡＢ地址总线ＡｄｄｒｅｓｓＢｕｓ ＡＤＣ模拟/数字转换器 Analogto Digital Converter ＡＬＵ算术逻辑运算器 Arithmetic and Logic Unit ＣＢ控制总线ＣｏｎｔｒｏｌＢｕｓ ＣＤ光盘ＣｏｍｐａｃｔＤｉｓｋ ＣＤ-ＲＯＭ光盘ＣｏｍｐａｃｔＤｉｓｋＲＯＭ ＣＰＵ中央处理器 Central Processing Unit Ｄ/Ａ数字/模拟ＤｉｇｉｔａｌｔｏＡｎａｌｏｇ ＤＢ数据总线ＤａｔａＢｕｓ ＥＣＭ电子控制模块 Electronic Control Model ＥＣＵ电子控制器 Electronic Control Unit ＥＥＰＲＯＭ电可擦除只读存储器 Electronic Erasable Programmable ROM ＥＰＲＯＭ可擦可编程只读存储器 Erasable Programmable RO ＦＥＴ场效应管 Field Effect Transistor Ｉ/Ｏ输入/输出Ｉｎｐｕｔ/Ｏｕｔｐｕｔ ＩＣ集成电路ＩｎｔｅｇｒａｔｅｄＣｉｒｃｕｉｔ ＩＣ集中控制ＩｎｔｅｇｒａｔｅｄＣｏｎｔｒｏｌ ＬＳＩ大规模集成电路 Large Scale Integration ＭＯＳ金属氧化物半导体 Metal Oxide Semiconductor Ｐ-ＭＯＳＰ型ＭＯＳ Ｄ-ＭＯＳＤ型ＭＯＳ Ｃ-ＭＯＳＣ型ＭＯＳ ＰＣＵ泵控制单元ＰｕｍｐＣｏｎｔｒｏｌＵｎｉｔ ＰＲＯＭ可编程只读存储器ＰｒｏｇｒａｍｍａｂｌｅＲＯＭ ＲＡＭ随机存储器 Random Access Memory ＲＯＭ只读存储器ＲｅａｄＯｎｌｙＭｅｍｏｒｙ ＳＣＩ微型计算机接口 Small Computer Interface ＶＣＤ视频高密光盘ＶｉｓｕａｌＣｏｍｐａｃｔＤｉｓｋ ＶＣＵ车辆控制单元ＶｅｈｉｃｌｅＣｏｎｔｒｏｌＵｎｉｔ ＶＬＳＩ超大规模集成电路 Very Large Scale Integratioa 2车身底盘部分常见术语(表2)
发动机仓照明灯engine compartment floodlight 雨刮及洗涤器wiper and washer 蓄电池极柱保护套battery pillar sleeve 15A保险片15A fuse 暖风散热器（宏业方箱右) radiator 除霜器（河北宏业风道）defroster 25橡胶弯头rubber elbow 雨刮及洗涤器wiper and washer 司机顶风扇driver fan XA1标配竹地板总成standard bamboo floor assembly δ40mm海绵s ponge 顶盖中蒙皮middle roof cover skin 主仪表台（方表）main dashboard 副表台装饰件assistant dashboard trimming OBD检修盖OBD access cover 膨胀水箱总成expansion tank assembly 波纹管corrugated pipe 胶管22**2200 pipe 22**2200 排尘袋dust exhausting bag 燃油箱垫板fuel tank back board （接头）油箱三通接头透气管fuel tank tee union pipe 油管（Φ10）fule pipe （Φ10） 排尘袋dust exhausting bag 电子油门踏板(威廉姆斯）electric accelerator pedal 蓄电池压板垫带battery plate flap 蓄电池橡胶垫板battery rubber flap 曲轴连接毂crankshaft connecting hub 曲轴连接毂压块crankshaft connecting hub block 发动机说明书engine instruction book 空滤器进气波纹管corrugated pipe 顶部进气管top inlet pipe assembly 胶管22**2200 pipe 22**2200 蓄电池托架总成（轮式）battery bracket assembly 前部电器控制总成front electrics controller assembly 燃油传感器fuel sensor 组合仪表及附件combination instrument and accessories 蜂鸣器buzzer 备用翘板开关spare switch 制动灯检测继电器inspection relay of braking lamp 前雾灯开关front fog lamp switch 危急信号开关emergency lamp switch 灯光总开关lamp switch ABS故障指示灯ABS fault indicator light 电子钟(综合显示器) digital clock
广告专业术语-中英文 AAAA America Association of Advertising 美国／广告代理商协会advertising 广告、广告活动 advocacy advertising 倡导型广告 Account Executive 客户主管 Account planning 客户策划 Account Services 客户部 Advertise 广告主 Advertising Department 企业广告部 agency 广告代理商 Art Director 美术指导 Assistant Partner 董事助理 bid [bid] 广告竞标 business-to-business advertising (B2B advertising) B2B广告brand image 品牌映象 capitalism 资本本主义，资本运营 commercial advertising 商业广告 communication process 传播过程 comparative advertising 比较广告 consumer advertising 消费品广告 consumerism 消费模式 customer 顾客 Chief Executive Officer(CEO) 首席执行长官 Chief Financial Officer(CFO ) 首席财务官 client 客户 Copywriter 广告撰告人 Creative Department 创作部 Creative Director 创意总监 deceptive advertising 虚假广告 department 部门 design 设汁稿 data 数据 director 主管