小学英语基础知识
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• 2.陈述句中有情态动词(can may must …) 时,也可直接将它们提至主语前,即可成为一 般疑问句。
• 如: He can swim now. →
• Can he swim now?
• The children may come with us. →
• May the children come with us?
man—men pliceman—policemen
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• 不可数名词无复数形式 • milk tea water juice coffee • soup rice bread jam honey • butter flour glue paper sugar • salt hair ice tape money corn • hay grass rain typhoon thunder • homework time rubbish ink snow • wind chicken cabbage fish
• 占格:(1)占中间一格的字母: a,c,e,m,n,o,r,s,u,v,w,x,z • (2)占一二两格的字母:b,d,h,k,l,i,t以及所有 大写字母
• (3)占二三两格的字母:g,q,y • (4)占三格的字母:f,p,j
单词书写
• 各字母要紧贴;
• 各字母要匀称;
• ① 人名要大写:英文人名开头一个大写,中国人名姓、名分别 大写,即两个大写;
• 3.陈述句中只有一个实义动词作谓语且其时 态为一般现在时,变为一般疑问句时要在句首 加do或does 主语后的实义动词用原形。如: I like these animals. → Do you like these animals?
• She wants to go to the movies. → Does
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• many—much • some—any • how many—how much • nice—beautiful
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• pear—pair • see—sea • who’s—whose • to—two—too • where—wear • there—their • flour--flower
第一人称 my
mine our ours
第二人称 your
第三人称 his her its
yours
his hers its
your yours their theirs
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Be动词的用法
Be动词用法口诀:我用am,你用are,
Is连着他,她,它;
单数名词用is,复数名词全用are, 变否定,更容易,(be)后加not就可以, 变问句,往前提,句末问号莫忘记。 疑问否定任你变,举手大卸磨迟疑。
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一般现在时的构成
• 1. be动词:主语+ be(am,is,are) + 其它。如:
• I am a boy.我是一个男孩。 • 2.行为动词:主语+ 行为动词+
其它。如: • We study English.我们学习英语。
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一般现在时的变化
• 1. be动词的变化。 • 否定句:主语 be+ not +其它。 • 如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。 • 一般疑问句:Be+ 主语+ 其它。 • 如:-Are you a student? • -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not. • 非凡疑问句:疑问词+ 一般疑问句。如:
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• 2、不发音e结尾,去e加ing
• come—coming become—becoming
• bake—baking dive—diking drive--driving make—making take----taking
• bake---baking taste--tasting shine---shining dance—dancing close--closing ride—riding write—writing have—having give--giving take—taking smoke—smoking
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• o、s、x、ch、sh结尾的加es
• potato--photoes bus—buses
class—classes
glass—glasses
sunglass—sunglasses dress—dresses
• box—boxes
fox—foxes
• dish—dishes
• bench—benches branch—branches sandwich--sandwiches brush—brushes watch--- watches
how far. How long, how often, how soon, how
high, 等。
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• 熟记变特殊疑问句时,容易判断错的情况。 • 数词 • 表示年龄:He is fifty-five. How old is he ? • 表示时间:It’s fifty-five. What’s the time? • 表示加法:Six and two is eight. What’s six and two? • 表示价格:The shirt is thirty yuan . How much is the shirt? • 表示多少:I have three brothers. How many brothers do you have? • 姓名和人 • 表示人名:My name is Gina. What’s your name? • 表示人:The woman is Gina. Who is the woman ? • 长度和距离 • 表示距离:It’s five hundred metres away from here. How far is it
小学英语基础知识
字母
1、26个字母(听、说、读、写过关) (所有的大写字母占上两格):
•A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O PQ
•R S T U V W X Y Z
•a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p
•q r s t u v w x y z
字母书写
– 不规则变化:不规则变化要特别记,oo常常变ee, foot -feet;男人、女人a改e, man→men; 特殊 child→children等。
– 不可数名词的复数使用原型。如:water, juice, soup, bread, rice, meat, cheese, fish, sheep…
I’m=I am
I’m not=I am not
you’re=you are you’re not=you are not
They’re=they are they’re not=they are not
He’s=he is
he isn’t=he is not
She’s=she is
she isn’t=she is not
Where is my bike?
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• 2.行为动词的变化。 ①否定句:主语+ don't( doesn't ) + 动词原形
( 其它)。如: I don't like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn't构成否定
句。如: He doesn't often play.
②一般疑问句:Do( Does ) + 主语 +动词原形+ 其它。如:
right—write aren’t—aunt for—four know—no hear—here by—buy—bye
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• long—short tall—short large—small
• new—old
young—fraid—brave hungry—full happy—sad wet—dry hot—cold
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• 3. 动词 s的变化规则 1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-
cooks, milk-milks 2.以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加-es,如:
guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3.以“辅音字母 y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es, 如:study-studies
- Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问 句。如: - Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.
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一般现在时
• 一般现在时的功能 • 1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:The
sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。 • 2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:I get
up at six every day.我天天六点起床。 • 3.表示客观现实。如:The earth goes
around the sun.地球绕着太阳转
• use—using live—living
leave--leaving wave--waving shake---shaking
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现在进行时
• 1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作, 也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进 行的动作。
• 2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing. • 3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。 • 4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。 • 5.现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为: • 疑问词不达意 + be + 主语 + 动词ing? • 但疑问词当主语时其结构为: • 疑问词不达意 + be + 动词ing?