销售合同英译汉
This Sales Contract is made by and between the Sellers and the Buyers whereby the Sellers agree to sell and the Buyers agree to buy the under—mentioned goods according to the terms and conditions stipulated below: 本销售合同由卖方和买方之间,卖方同意出售,买方同意购买下述货品根据如下条款: Name of the commodity, Specifications, Packing term
商品的名称、规格、包装术语
唛头： Shipping Mark
To be designated by the Sellers / At the Sellers’ option or N/M
由卖方设计或者没有唛头
保险条款： Insurance
在FOB, CFR 合同下，保险条款可订为：
To be covered by the Buyer.
在CIF 合同下，保险条款可订为：
Insurance to be covered by the Sellers for 110% of the invoice value against W.P.A / All Risks / War Risk including shortage in weight as per and subject to the Ocean Marine Cargo Clauses of the People’s Insurance Company of China dated Jan. 1, 1981. If o ther coverage or an additional insurance is required, the Buyers must have the consent of the Sellers before shipment, and the additional premium is to be borne by the Buyers.
保险保险由卖方按发票金额的110%投保水渍险/一切险/战争风险,包括重量短缺按并受海洋运输货物保险条款中国人民保险公司承保的日期为1981年1月1日。如买方欲增加其他险别或超过上述保额时须于装船前征得卖方的同意，所增加的保险费由买方承担。
装运条款： Shipment
Time of Shipment: during Feb./Mar. 2005 in two equal monthly lots
装运时间:在2005年2月或者三月这两个月内
Port of loading / shipment: 装货港/装运:
Port of destination: London. Transshipment at Hong Kong allowed.
目的港:伦敦。允许在香港转船。
The carrying vessel shall be provided by the sellers. Partial shipment and transshipment are allowed. After loading is completed, the seller shall notify the buyers by cable of the contract number, name of commodity, name of the carrying vessel and date of shipment.
载运船只由卖方应提供。允许分批和转船。装运完成后,卖方应以电报通知买方合同号、商品名称、名称运载船只和货物的装运日期。
付款条件： Terms of Payment
The Buyers shall open with a bank acceptable to the Sellers an Irrevocable Sight Letter of Credit to reach the Sellers 30 days before the month of shipment, valid for negotiation in China until the 15th day after the month of shipment. (Export)
买方应开立以卖方所接受的银行不可撤销即期信用证于装运月份前30天送达达卖方,在中国议付有效期至装运月份后第15天。(出口)
By Irrevocable Letter of Credit for 90% the total invoice value of the goods to be shipped, in favor of the Sellers, payable at the issuing bank against the Sellers’ draft at sight accompanied by the shipping documents stipulated in the Credit. The balance of 10% of the proceeds is to be paid only after the goods have been inspected and approved at the port of destination. (Import)
以发票金额90%对待运的货物对卖方有利的不可撤销信用证，开证行支付在卖方即期装运单据规定下的信贷。10％的收益的平衡，在货物抵达目的港检查核准完才能支付。（进口）
By confirmed, irrevocable Letter of Credit in favor of the Sellers payable at sight against Presentation of shipping documents in China, with partial shipments and transshipment allowed. The covering Letter of Credit must reach the Sellers 15 days before the contracted month of shipment and remain valid in the above loading port until the 15th day after shipment, or the Sellers reserve the right to cancel the contract without further notice and to claim against the Buyers for any loss resulting there from.
在中国，以卖方为受益人，保兑的、不可撤消的信用即期装运单据,允许分批和转船。该信用证必须在装运月份的前15天送达卖方，必须在装运港直到装船后15天保持有效,或没有另行通知,卖方有权取消合同,并控告买方由此产生的任何损失
To be effected by documentary draft under D / A terms.
在承兑交单下生效
Payment shall be made by documentary draft to be payable under D / P terms.
付款条件应在D / P条件下制成可支付跟单汇票
交货条件： Delivery Terms
Certificates of Quality, Quantity, Weight and Origin are required. The Buyers have the right to have the goods re—inspected by the Guangzhou Entry—Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau of the People’s Republic of China at the port for discharge. The relevant Inspection Certificates may serve as the basis of any claim to be lodged by the Buyers against the Sellers.
品质、数量、重量和原产地证书是必需的。买方有权在广州出入境检验检疫局中华人民共和国卸货港对货物再检查。相关的检验证书可以作为买家对卖家任何索赔的基础。
检验条款： Commodity Inspection
It is mutually agreed that he Certificate of Quality and Weight issued by-(e.g.: China Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau) / surveyor at the port of shipment shall be (taken as the basis of delivery. ) / part of the documents to be presented for negotiation under the relevant weight of the cargo. The re—inspection fee shall be borne by the Buyer. The claim with the cargo, if any, shall be lodged to the Seller within -------days after arrival of the cargo at the port of destination.
双方同意以装运港（eg：中国出入境检验检疫局/检验机构）签发的品质和重量检验证书作为（交货依据/有关信用证项下议付所提交的单据的之一）。买方有权对货物的品质和重量进行复检。复检费由买方承担。买方对于装运货物的任何索赔，应于货物到达目的港后——天内向提出。
索赔条款： Discrepancy and Claim
Any claim by the Buyers regarding the cargo shall be supported by survey report issued by a surveyor approved by the Seller and lodged within 45 days after the arrival of the cargo at the port of destination. The Seller will not consider claims in respect of matters within responsibility of insurance company or shipping company.
买方对于货物的任何索赔，必须提供经卖方同意的公证机构出具的公证报告，并于货物抵达目的港后45天内向卖方提出。属于保险公司或轮船公司责任范围内的索赔，卖方不予受理。
Should the Seller fail to make delivery on time, the buyer shall agree to postpone the delivery on the condition that the Seller agrees of pay a penalty which shall be deducted by the paying bank at the time of payment. The rate of penalty is charged at 0.5% of the total value of the cargo whose delivery has been delayed for every week, odd days less than a week should be counted as a week. But the total amount of penalty shall not exceed 5% of the total value of the cargo involved in the late delivery. In case the Seller fail to make delivery 10 weeks later than the time of shipment stipulated on the contract, the Buyer shall have the right to cancel the contract and the Seller shall still pay the aforesaid penalty to the Buyer without delay.
如果卖方不能按合同规定的时间（如期）交货，在卖方同意由付款行从议付货款中扣除罚金的条件下，买方可同意延期交货。罚款可由付款银行在付款时扣除。罚金按照每一周收取延期交货部分金额的0.5％，不足一周按一周计算。如卖方未按合同规定的装运期交货，延期10周后，买方有权撤销合同，并要求卖方支付上述延期交货罚金。
Quality / Quantity Discrepancy and Claim:
In case the quality and/or quantity / weight are found the Buyers to be not in conformity with the Contract after arrival of the goods at the port of destination, the Buyers may lodge claim with the Sellers supported by survey report issued by an inspection organization agreed upon by both parties, with the exception, however, of those claims for which the insurance company and/or the shipping company are to be held responsible. Claim for quality discrepancy should be filed by the Buyers within 30 days after arrival of the goods at the port of destination, while for quantity/weight discrepancy claim should be filed by the Buyers within 15days after arrival of the goods at port of destination. The Sellers shall, within 30 days after receipt of the notification of the claim, and reply to the Buyers.
品质、数量异议索赔条款：货到目的港后，买方如发现货物品质（及/或数量/重量）与合同不符，除属于保险公司及/或船公司的责任外，买方可以凭双方同意的检验机构出具的检验证书向卖方提出异议，品质异议须于货到目港之日起30天内提出，数量/重量异议须于货到目港之日起15天内提出。卖方应于收到异议通知书后30天内答复买方。
索赔期限： Validity of Claim
The Buyers have the right to lodge claims for all losses sustained within 60 days after discharge of the goods at the port of destination.
货到目的港，卸货后 60 天内买方有权向卖方提出索赔。
不可抗力条款：Force Majeure
The Seller shall not be held responsible for late delivery o r non-delivery of the goods due to flood, fire, earthquake, snowstorm, drought, hailstorm, hurricane, or other events that are beyond the control of the Seller. But the Seller shall notify the Buyer by cable as soon as possible and give the Buyer a certificate by6 registered mail issued by the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade or other competent authorities.
由于水灾、火灾、地震、暴风雨、干旱、冰雹、飓风或其他任何卖方无法控制的事故，使卖方不能在本合同规定期限内交货或不能交货，卖方不负责任。但卖方需立即以电报通知买方并于事故发生后15天之内以挂号信向买方提供由中国国际贸易促进委员会或有关机构出具的事故证明。
If shipment of the contracted goods is prevented o r delayed in whole o r in part due to Force Majeure, the Sellers shall not be liable for non-shipment or late shipment of the goods under this Contract. However, the seller shall notify the Buyers by fax or telex and furnish the latter within 15 days by registered airmail with a certificate issued by the competent authorities at the place of occurrence attesting such event or events.
如由于不可抗力的原因，致使卖方不能全部或部分装运或延迟装运合同货物时，卖方对于这种情况下不能装运或延迟装运不负有责任。然而，卖方须以传真或电传方式通知买方，并须在15天内，以航空挂号信件向买方提交由主管当局签发的证明此类事件的证明书。
仲裁条款： Arbitration
规定在我国仲裁的条款：All disputes in connection with or arising from the contract shall be settled amicably through negotiation. In case no settlement can be reached between the two parties, the case shall be submitted to the China international Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission, Beijing for arbitration in accordance with its Rules of Arbitration. The arbitral award is final and binding upon both parties. The arbitration fee shall be borne by the losing party.
凡因本合同引起的或与本合同有关的所有争议，合同双方应通过友好协商解决。如双方协商不能达成一致的情况，均应提交中国国际经济贸易仲裁委员会北京仲裁会，按照该会的仲裁规则程序进行仲裁。仲裁裁决是终局性的，对双方均有约束力。仲裁费由败诉方承担。
规定在被诉方仲裁的条款：All disputes in connection with or arising from the contract shall be settled amicably through negotiation. In case no settlement can be reached between the two parties, the case shall be submitted for arbitration. The location of arbitration shall be in the country of the domicile of the defendant. If in China, the arbitration shall be conducted by the China International Economic and Trade Arbitration. If in------, the arbitration shall be conducted by------in accordance with its arbitral rules. The arbitral award is final and binding upon both parties. The arbitration fee shall be borne by the losing party unless otherwise awarded by the arbitration court.
凡因本合同引起的或与本合同有关的所有争议，合同双方应通过协商解决。如果协商不能解决，应提交仲裁。仲裁在被诉方所在国进行。如果在中国，由中国国际经济贸易仲裁委员会进行仲裁。如果在——，由——根据该会的仲裁规则进行仲裁。仲裁裁决是终局性的，对双方均有约束力。仲裁费用，除仲裁庭另有规定外，均由败诉方承担。
规定在第三国仲裁的条款：All disputes in connection with o r arising from the contract shall be settled amicably through negotiation. In case no settlement can be reached between the two parties, the case shall be submitted to------for arbitration in accordance with its Rules of Arbitration. The arbitral award is final and binding upon both parties. The arbitration fee shall be borne by the losing party unless otherwise awarded by the arbitration court.
凡因本合同引起的或与本合同有关的所有争议，合同双方应通过协商解决。如果协商不能解决，应提交——，根据该会的仲裁规则进行仲裁，仲裁裁决是终局的，对双方均有约束力。仲裁费用，除仲裁庭另有规定外，均由败诉方承担。
适用法律： Governing Law
This contract shall be governed by the laws o f the People’s Republic of China.
本合同适用于中华人民共和国法律。
定金条款： Earnest money
The Buyer shall pay --% of the total value of the cargo by T/T to the Seller as the earnest money. In the case that the Buyer fulfilled the obligations in the contract, the earnest money shall be deducted by the paying bank at the time of payment. Otherwise the earnest money shall not be returned. In the case that the Seller failed to fulfill any obligation the contract, the Seller shall pay twice the earnest money to the Buyer.
买方应向卖方电汇合同总金额的——%作为定金。如果买方履行了合同的各项义务，则定金在付款行议付的货款中扣减；否则，定金不予返还。如果卖方未能履行合同义务，则应当将定金双倍返还给买方。
英译汉重点：Unit 1 (1) Promising are the cross-cultural studies seeking to support Darwin’s theory that facial expressions are universal and researchers found that the particular visible pattern on the face, the combination of muscles contracted for anger, fear, surprise, sadness, disgust, happiness is the same for all members of our species, but this seems helpful until it is realized that a person’s cultural upbringing determines whether or not that emotion will be displayed or suppressed, as well as on which occasions and to what degree. 力求证明达尔文关于面部表情是共同的这一理论的跨文化研究给人极大的希望，研究者发现脸部的某些看得见的形状，即因愤怒、恐惧、惊讶、悲伤、厌恶、幸福而紧缩的肌肉组合,我们人类各成员都是一样的。但是这似乎无济于事，只要我们意识到一个人生长的文化决定了这种情感是否会表露或压抑,决定了在何种场合和多大的程度上会表露或压抑。 (2) The stumbling block of assumed similarity is a “troublem,” as one English learner expressed it, not only for the foreigner but for the people in the host country with whom the international visitor comes into contact.正如一个学习英语的人所表达的那样，相似性的假设这个的绊脚石是一个“麻烦”，不仅仅是对于来访的外国人，就连这个外国人接触的东道国的人也都是个问题。 (3) They abstract whatever fits into their personal world of recognition and then interpret it through the frame of reference of their own culture. 他们只提取出那些适合他们认可的个人世界的东西，然后按照他们自身文化为参考系来加以解释。 (4) A worse language problem is the tenacity with which someone will cling to just one meaning of a word or phrase in the new language, regardless of connotation or context. (2008 Paper A) 更糟糕的问题是死死抱住新语言中一个词汇或短语的一种意义，而不顾隐含义和语境。 (5) The confidence that goes with the myth of similarity is much more comfortable than the assumption of differences, the latter requiting tentative assumptions and behavior and a willingness to accept the anxiety of “not knowing.” (2009 Paper A)相信相似性的神话比设想存在差异更让人觉得舒服，因为后者要求试探性的设想和行为并且乐意接受由于“不知”而产生的焦虑。 Unit 3(1) The key to Crockpot stepfamilies is time and low heat. I’ve already stressed the importance of being patient with the integration process and not trying to force love, care, or togetherness. Often, in an attempt to quickly combine various ingredients such as people, rituals, and backgrounds, stepfamilies use the food processor, microwave, pressure cooker, and blender integration styles. 瓦罐煨汤式融合的继亲家庭的关键是温火慢炖。前文我已经强调了整合过程中有耐心，而不强迫关爱、强迫关心、强迫在一起的重要性。通常，为了快速的将诸如人，仪式和背景等原料合并一体，继亲家庭采用食品加工式，微波炉式，高压锅式和果汁机式的融合方式。 (2) Stepfamilies need time to adjust to new living conditions, new parenting styles, rules, and responsibilities. They need time to experience one another and develop trust, commitment, and a shared history. They need time to find a sense of belonging and an identity as a family unit. None of these things can be rushed. (2008 Paper A) 继亲家庭需要时间来适应新的居住环境，新的父母家教风格，规矩和责任。他们需要时间来相互体验，产生信任，形成忠诚，创造共同的历史。他们需要时间来寻找作为一个家庭的归属感和认同感。所有这些都不能操之过急。继亲家庭需要时间来适应新的居住条件，新的父母家教风格，规矩和责任。他们需要时间来寻找作为一个家庭的归属感和认同感。 (3) A watched pot never boils. 心急水不开。 (4) Meredith considered it her “down time” to relax and read a good book, Terry enjoyed playing with friends, while Joe mastered his latest computer game. Meredith会把闲暇时间当作者“工歇时间”，放松自己，读一本好书。Terry喜欢和朋友们一起玩，而Joe则精通又一种最新的电脑游戏。 (5) It is quite normal for a stepparent to have close bonds with one stepchild, be working on bonds with another, while experiencing a distant relationship with an older child. (2009 Paper A) 对继父或继母来说，和一个继子女有着亲密的关系，正在和另一个继子女建立关系，还和年纪较大的那个继子女有一定距离，这些都是很正常的。 Unit 4 (1) When economists first began to measure the sources of economic growth, what previously had been considered an unexplained residual became identified as human capital. 当经济学家开始测定经济发展的因素时，从前被认为是无法解释的剩余因素被决定为人力资本。 (2) The term “human capital” suggests to some a depersonalization of individual and is associated in the popular mind with a dehumanizing society that equates men with machines. “人力资本”这一术语让人觉得是剥夺人的个性，在公众的脑海里联想到将人与机器等同的异化社会。 (3) When we think about an appropriate investment strategy in China, and the development of its regions, it is very important to understand that optimizing over the full portfolio of investment—both human and physical capital—promote the highest rate of growth. 当我们思考在中国的适当投资策略以及各地区发展的时候，十分重要的是要知道，优化人力资本和实物资本投资组合将推动最高速度的发展。 (4) There are benefits to education that are not directly captured by individuals; these externalities are likely to be quite large in China.教育的收益有些并不是个人直接获得的，这些间接受益在中国很有可能是巨大的。 (5) It is important to evaluate government activity on a quantitative basis, to screen the bad investments from the good ones and to conduct policy on a factually informed basis. (2008 Paper A) 对政府的活动进行量化评估，剔除坏的投资保留好的投资，实事求是地执行政策，这是至关重要的。 (6) Labor markets are so distorted that wages do not reflect this true marginal contribution of educated labor to the economy. 劳动市场如此被扭曲，结果工资没有反映出受教育的劳动者对经济的真实的边际贡献。 (7) However, evidence indicates that the true rate of return to education and skill formation is very一high and that the imbalance is symptomatic of a serious distortion of current policy that retards economic development in China. (2009但是，事实表明教育和技术培养的实际回报率非常之高，而且这种（投资的）不平衡是当前政策严重扭曲的典型表现，而这（种不平衡的投资政策）阻碍了中国经济的发展。 Unit 5(1) The synergies between the goals of gender equity, poverty alleviation and environmental sustainability are explored below in terms of addressing poverty, health, climate change, natural disasters and creating sustainable livelihoods by
第六单元文体翻译 第一节新闻报道 一、新闻翻译的特点 1、翻译讲求实效 2、可以适当增减 ?翻译：遵循翻译标准进行全文翻译。 ?编译：紧扣原作主题思想，从原作选取最有价值的内容，遵循篇章构建的一般规律，基本按照原作的时间先后顺序和逻辑关系组织行文，再按照翻译的一般原则，将其译成目的语的过程。（王涛2004） ?摘译：摘取一些认为重要的或者说传达了重要信息的段落和内容。（俞建村2001）（注意：必须完整地翻译抽取的内容。） ?参见教材第十章“翻译的类型” p135. 3、符合写作要求 （1）手法： ?以尽可能有趣的方式将一定事实展现出来。 （2）结构： ?编年史法（chronological method ）： 依照事实发生先后按时间顺序叙述。 ?新闻导语法（news lead method ）： 依照事实的重要性来铺陈、排列事实。 （3）语言： ?具体、准确、简明、通俗、生动。 4、内容力求准确 二、新闻的翻译 ?标题的翻译 ?电头的翻译 ?导语的翻译 ?正文的翻译 ?了解背景知识 例： US Missile Targets Iraqi Radar Site W ASHINGTON: A United States Air Force F-16 fighter plane fired a missile at an Iraqi radar site after the jet was tracked electronically while in the “no-fly” zone over southern Iraq, the Pentagon said yesterday. But the White House, explaining a long delay in announcing the strike, said it was unclear whether Iraqi radar has “locked on” to the plane on Saturday. A Pentagon spokesman said the F-16 returned safely to its base in Saudi Arabia. It was not immediately known if the Iraqi site was damaged. The spokesman, confirming the strike about 18 hours after it occurred, said an investigation was under way. Iraq denied any such incident had taken place. 美导弹击中伊拉克雷达基地 华盛顿电：五角大楼昨日宣称：一架美空军F－16战斗机在伊拉克南部禁飞区被电子跟踪后，向伊一雷达基地发射了导弹。 但是白宫在解释拖延很久才公布这次打击行动的原因时称：星期六时尚不清楚伊雷达是否已“锁定”了这架飞机。 五角大楼的一位发言人说，该F—16战斗机已安全返回设在沙特阿拉伯的基地，伊雷
英语翻译实践报告 《翻译1》课程实践报告 翻译课程介绍 翻译是全国高等教育自学考试英语专业本科阶段的一门必考课程。英汉翻译包括英译汉和汉译英，是一门实践性很强的课程。 通过学习本课程，学生应该熟悉英汉两种语言各自的特点;能将中等难度的英语文章译成汉语，内容准确，文字流畅;能将比较简易的汉语文章译成英语，用词得当，语法平稳。本课程与英语专业其他课程相辅相成。它作为一门实践课，有赖于英语专业其他课程为应考者打下良好的基础，使应考者掌握一定的词汇量和语法知识，初步达到阅读英文原著的水平，并有一定的写作能力，因而具备从事英汉翻译的条件。另一方面，通过大量翻译实践和语言对比研究，学生可以进但在翻译时，往往因受原文的影响，而容易一步认识英汉两种语言各自的特点。 忽略在译文中体现原有的特点。这也就是本课程的难学之处。但通过学习本课程，了解了英汉两种语言的各自特点，并能在翻译实践中恰当地加以运用，定会提高使用两种语言的能力和翻译水平。 课程实践目的及过程 为了将课堂上所学知识更好地运用于实践，10级翻译3班在王静老师的带领下，来到了位于德胜工业园区的百瑞源枸杞养生馆和厚生记食品有限公司进行参观学习。 在参观之前，王老师要求同学们查找关于枸杞的相关资料，基本上了解了枸杞的种植技术、生产流程、营养价值等知识。
宁夏枸杞产业在宁夏省外也有不少公司，而且，百瑞源是宁夏唯一一个进驻2010年上海世博会的企业，这不仅提升了宁夏在国内外的知名度，也让更多国内外朋友了解了宁夏枸杞的与众不同，同时也为百瑞源走出中国，迈向国际舞台提供了良机。 在参观过程中，同学们品尝了味美色鲜的枸杞、其他枸杞制品和，可谓是大饱了口福。但同学们并未忘记此行的目的，大家一边参观，一边了解相关的知识，对于枸杞的营养价值和种类有了进一步了解;同时，在参观过程中，同学们发现了不少汉英翻译的错误，对于一个企业来说，要想进入全球市场，对外宣传和对外交流是至关重要的，所以企业品牌的跨文化交流成为了一种必然趋势。这让同学们不禁为企业的进一步发展担忧。作为翻译专业的学生，对此比较敏感，于是，大家纷纷把有错误的地方拍下来，准备参观结束后再进行更正。 回校后，王老师把全班分成若干组，每组负责一部分企业的宣传资料，然后让同学们查找翻译的错误并改正。我们组分到的任务比较少，但是，在我们仔细读过之后发现了不少错误，而且有些还是由于英汉表达习惯的不同导致的比较明显的错误。虽然字数不多，却涉及不少商贸以及新闻语体。我们小组成员认真思考，经过讨论后把我们最后的翻译结果交给了王老师。 课程实践的收获 通过这次的翻译实践，我更加清楚的认识到自己英语相关方面的知识还远远不足，也让我更加清醒的认识到，丰富自己的词汇量及语境英语句型的重要性。我对翻译充满了热爱，怀着这份热爱，我要跟加严格的要求自己。今后，把更多的时间和精力投身到翻译知识中去，争取在翻译方面有所突破和发展。 翻译是一项很困难的工作，要做到精益求精，专业性非常强，而且要与时俱进，这让我知道了仅有翻译技巧是远远不够的，需要平时大量的艰苦练习，不断积累，才能在翻译中获得巨大收获。而且，作为翻译专业的学生，只凭课堂上学到的
一至五单元翻译题 1.The sum of $20 is【due to you as a bonus】(是你应得的奖金). 2. He had just received a doctorate【in recognition of his contributions to psychology】(以表彰他为心理学作出的贡献). 3. Insurance is only valuable if it【serves a purpose】(达到一种目的). 4. Don’t worry, everything will be【attended to in due course 】(在适当的时候得到处理). 5. This problem should be discussed first, as it 【takes precedence over all the others】(比其他问题都重要). 6. Y ou’ve been promoted? This【calls for a celebration】(需要庆祝一下). 7. The scholar’s mind【thirsted for a few new books 】(渴望一些新书). 8. I am writing to you【with reference to the job opening in your department 】(有关你们部门的工作机会). 9.【Mary has a great diversity of interests】(玛丽有广泛的兴趣爱好), she like sports, travel, photography and making radio sets. 10. The banks have【committed themselves to boosting profits 】(承诺增加利润) by slashing costs. Paragraph One “Business happens 24/7/365, which means that competition happens 24/7/365, as well,”says Haut. “One way that companies win is by getting ‘there’faster, which means that you not only have to mobilize all of the functions that support a business to move quickly, but you have to know how to decide where ‘there’is! This creates a requirement not only for people who can act quickly, but for those who can think fast with the courage to act on their convictions. This needs to run throughout an organization and is not exclusive to management.” “一年365 天，一周7 天，一天24 小时，生意始终在进行，那意味着一年365 天，一周7 天，一天24 小时，竞争也同样在进行，”豪特说，“公司取胜的方法之一就是要更快地到达‘目的地’！这就是说，你不仅要把所有能支持公司快速运转的功能都调动起来，而且还得知道如何决定‘目的地’是哪里。这样，不仅对那些行动快速的人们，也对那些思维敏捷，并有勇气按自己的想法行事的人们都提出了要求。这需要全公司各部门的运作，而不仅仅是管理部门的工作。” Paragraph Two Lastly, professional status encompasses adherence to ethical standards. Most lawyers find self worth in setting an example—both within the profession and within the larger society—as ethical actors. When management affirms the special respect due to lawyers who act with the utmost integrity and civility in all of their professional dealings, it provides yet another form of compensation. 最后，职业地位包含对职业标准的遵守。很多律师通过在行业内外把自己塑造成一个具有良好职业道德的典范来找到自我价值。对那些在所有职业行为中都表现出极度正直和谦逊有礼的律师们来说，当管理阶层对他们理应受到的特别尊重表示肯定时，便又获得了另一种形式的精神报酬。 Paragraph One The decline goes well beyond recent surveys that show growing complaints about mediocre quality and high prices—no small concern in a country where tourisme gastronomique earned 18 billion euros in 2002, a quarter of all tourist revenues. More and more restaurateurs say that government tax and economic policies are limiting their profits, and thereby hurting their capacity to invest and hire more staff. They have become ensnarred in the red tape for which France is infamous—not to mention edicts from Brussels that affect everything from sales taxes to the bacteria in the Brie. 最近的调查显示越来越多的人抱怨饭菜质量平平，价格昂贵，而法国烹饪的衰落还不止于此。这在法国可不是个小问题，要知道2002年美食旅游为法国创收180 亿欧元，占到全部旅游收入的1/4。越来越多的餐馆老板反映政府的税收和经济政策限制了他们的利润，也就影响了他们投资和雇佣更多人手的能力。束缚他们手脚的是令法国不那么光彩的繁琐拖拉的公事程序，更不要说那些来自欧盟的规定，从销售税到布里乳酪里含细菌的指标统统都在严格的掌控之中。 Paragraph Two Zhejiang cuisine is light and exquisite, and is typical of food from along the lower Y angtze River. One famous dish is West Lake Vinegar Fish, which looks pretty and has the delicate refreshing flavors of nature. Many Chinese restaurants in China, as well as other parts of the world, serve this dish, but often the flavor is less authentic compared to that found in Hangzhou, capital of Zhejiang Province, which has unique access to the fish and water of West Lake. 浙江菜口味清淡，精致玲珑，是长江下游区域菜肴的代表。西湖醋鱼是其中的一道名菜。这道菜鲜美，酥嫩，带着自然的清香。中国乃至世界各地的中餐馆大都能找得到这道菜，但口味往往不及在浙江杭州吃得那般纯正。因为只
实践报告 这周是英语专业的翻译实践周，这次的专业实习让我受益匪浅，收获颇多。专业实习的主要目的是要培养我们理论联系实际，综合运用所学基础知识、基本理论和技能，独立分析、解决问题的能力。在大学的第三学年，实习是一个很重要的环节，对我们以后的工作实习也有一定的帮助。所以，我们要端正态度，认真对待这次的专业实习。 我们的主要任务是进行英译汉和汉译英的翻译实践，为此在实践的过程中，我总结了四种必备的翻译工具：一是灵格斯翻译工具，里面可安装各式的词典；二是百度搜索工具；三是有道词典；四是英汉词典；五是汉英词典。翻译的过程如下：首先可以现在灵格斯里查询不懂的单词和词组，寻找最符合原文的解释。然后采取同时在百度和有道词典搜索的做法，并对同种搜索工具搜索结果进行比较。他们有着各自的优缺点。所以我们最后用到的就是英汉和汉英辞典，可以对我们翻译之中的词汇，进行最后的确认，确定出最最准确的译法。 在翻译过程中也遇到到了一些困难，这说明在漫漫的英语学习过程中我还要继续努力。学如逆水行舟，不进则退，只要每天我认真学习，那就是一种进步。人生总归会有许多挫折，但我们若不跨过这道坎，就不会有进步，滞留不前。我们要用有限的生命创造无限的价值，勇敢面对每一个挑战。 翻译是运用一种语言把另一种语言所表达的思维内容准确而完整地表达出来的语言行为。当然纸上谈兵是无稽之谈，光有理论知识而不实践操作也是没有用的。有位翻译家这么说过，“学翻译犹如学游泳。只在岸边看别人游，或只听教练讲解，是学不会的。”所以要想提高自己的翻译能力，一定要通过实践。实践可以分为两类，直接的实践和间接的实践。 所谓直接的实践，就是自己亲身参加的实践，也就是自己动手翻译。一回生，二回熟，日积月累，第一手经验多了，做起来得心应手，翻译能力有所提高。所谓“熟能生巧”，就是这个道理。但自己能译的东西是有限的，从这种实践中得出的经验也是有限的。因此，还需要借助于间接的实践。 所谓间接的实践，就是研究别人的译文。比如，一篇文章在手，准备翻译，这时先找一些有关的资料或同类文章的译文看一看，在词语和风格方面定会有所借鉴。别人的译文是别人直接实践的产物，看了别人的译文，就是从事间接实践。
本次翻译实习有四天的时间，实习的内容很多，我在这有限的时间内，翻译了第一部分。我觉得这篇文章比较有难度，文章中很多单词都是我不了解的。但是，我通过查字典，查辅导书，请教同学，解决了绝大部分的问题。 英语的句子是通过一整套完整系统的语法结构和连接词将单词和词组组合在一起，强调结构上正确，逻辑上严密，思维上严谨。而汉语不是这样。一个汉语句子的分句与分句之间，或是短语与短语之间，在意思上有联系，但很少用关联词，是用每一个分句或是短语的意思组合成一个完整的句子的。比如，“Around the grave in the rundown cemetery were a few of his former advertising colleagues from New York, who recalled his energy and originality and told his daughter, Nancy, what a pleasure it had been to work with him.”我的译文是“在衰败的墓地周围，有几个他以前的纽约的广告公司的同事，他们使他想起了他曾经的精力和独创性，他告诉他的女儿南希过去和他们在一起工作是多么地愉快。”英语的句子是一个整句，但是翻译成汉语不需要连接词，却要把每个分句都翻译成单独的句子。我认为英语翻译就是理解和表达的结合，翻译力求做到信、达、雅。翻译的质量取决于我们应用两种语言的水平。但是，有一点不容忽视，那就是说英语的人的思维和说汉语的人的思维方式有很大差异。同样，英语和汉语本身也有很大差异。这是我感觉最困难的事情。例如，“If you gave my brother a box of envelopes, he could count them faster than anybody because his fingers were so dexterous and because he counted the envelopes by fives.”我的译文是“如果你给我弟弟一盒信封，他比谁都数得快，因为他的手指十分灵巧，数起信封都是用五个手指。”经过请教同学，我知道了“he counted the envelopes by fives”不应翻译成“数起信封都是用五个手指”而英翻译成“五个一数”。 英汉两种语言，除了一些专有名词之外，几乎没有绝对等值的词语，那是因为英语与汉语的词汇都普遍存在一词多义、一词多类的现象。就像一位语言学家所说：“在新的上下文里使用的每一个词都是新词。”正是词的这种多义性和变义性，决定了对英语词义的理解及其汉语表达是英译汉的难点所在。所以，我觉得，对于英译汉中每个词语的翻译都需要仔细斟酌，不可轻易地凭感觉而译。词的含义是复杂的，它不仅有直接的、表面的、一般的意思，还有引申的、内涵的、特定的含义。这是语言的共性，英语尤其如此。随便翻开英语字典，几乎每个词都有多种含义，有的甚至有几十个意思，错综复杂。比如标题“Everyman”,我翻译的是“每个人”，但是后来听说其他同学翻译的是“凡人”。我顿时恍然大悟，还是自己之前思考地不周全，没有像到引申义。
Just as Adam was cast out of Eden, I was kicked out of university; but while his transgression was eating the fruit from the tree of knowledge, my sin was ignoring the tree. After my dismal performance in my first year of university, I contemplated the reasons for my failure. Now, I understand the two factors that contributed to my downfall: the lack of a career goal and premature independence. 正如亚当被逐出伊甸园，我被撵出了大学校门：亚当违反的戒律是偷吃了善恶之树的禁果，我的罪恶就是无视知识之树。在我大学第一年差劲表现之后，我仔细考虑自己被逐出大学的原因。现在我意识造成我被逐出校园的两个因素：缺乏职业目标和过早的独立。 Without a career goal, I lacked direction and motivation. About halfway through my final year of high school, I was hounded by my parents to enroll in university, but until that time had not given any thought to what career I wanted to pursue. To silence their nagging, I told them I wanted to be an engineer. Though I got high marks in math, physics, and chemistry, I was bored with them, and my dislike of the science became apparent in the first four months of university. I failed all my science courses. 没有职业目标，我缺乏方向和动机，大约在中学最后一年过了一半时，我被父母追逼着到大学注册，但直到那时候我还未考虑我想追求什么职业。为了让他们不再说我，我告诉他们我想当一名工程师。虽然我在数学、物理和化学上得了高分，但是我对这些课感到厌倦，接着在大学的最初四个月里我不喜欢这些理科课程变得明显了。所有的理科课程都不及格。B． (1) 当他向朋友借钱时，又一次遭到拒绝，顿时勃然大怒。(fury)When he went to borrow money from his friend and was refused again, he flew into fury. (2) 在这次战役中，除了偶尔的无线电联络之外，麦克同部队之间的其它联系都被切断了。 (cut off) Mike was cut off from all but occasional radio communications with his armies in the campaign. (3) 我们正在向前走着，看到一只兔子突然从洞里跳出来，穿过田野。(pop up) As we walked along，we saw a rabbit pop up from it's burrow and scurry across the field. (4) 有人认为对加拿大整个地区的独家经销商来说，三百架钢琴的年销售量未免太保守了。 (sole) Someone thinks the annual sale of 300 pianos for a sole distributorship in Canada is rather conservative. (5) 有人认为，要结婚就应结为终身伴侣；法律对离婚者太宽大了。(lenient) Some people think if people marry, it ought to be for life, the laws are altogether too lenient with divorcees. (6) 在头四圈里，本杰明一直与那名德国赛车手并驾齐驱。(stay abreast of)Over the first four laps, Benjamin stay ed abreast of the German driver. (7) 速度、耐力和战术是选手在比赛中夺冠的重要因素。(tactics) Speed, endurance and tactics are important factors in gaining the victory. (8) 一支球队能够在常年锦标赛中不断的蝉联冠军，关键是临场状态奇佳、合作无间、斗志 高昂。(morale) A soccer team that remains championship year after year must have kept up it's extraordinary performance with close coordination among its high-morale members. Unit 4 英译汉：The capital account is a record of investment and capital transactions between a
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Unit one Stumbling block in intercultural communication 1 在这个国际舞台发生重大变化的时刻，探讨为什么尝试交流的结果却令人失望的原因是必要的，这些原因实际上是跨文化交流中的绊脚石。 It’s appropriate at this time of major changes in the international scene to take a look at some of the disappointing results of attempts at communication. They are actually stumbling block in international communication. 7 本国居民可能会被灌输有这种期望：既然外国人穿着合适，并且能说一些本国话，那么他或她也有同样的非语言的准则、想法和感觉。 The native inhabitants are likely to be lulled into the expectation that ,since the foreign person is dressed appropriately and speak some of the language,he or she will also have similar nonverbal codes ,thoughts and feelings. 8 更糟糕的问题是死死抱住新语言中一个词汇或短语的一种意义，而不顾隐含义和语境。 A worse language problem is the tenacity with which someone will cling to just one meaning of a word or phrase in the new language, regardless of connotation or context. 11 先入为主和程式化思维的现象
英译汉篇章翻译练习（2） Proverbs are the popular sayings that brighten so much Latin American talk, the boiled-down wisdom that you are as apt to hear from professors as from peasants, from beggars as from elegances. Brief and colorful, they more often than not carry a sting. When a neighbor?s dismally unattractive daughter announced her engagement, Imelda remarked, “You know what they say, Senora: …There?s no pot so ugly it can?t find a lid.?” And when her son-in-law blustered about how he was going to get even with the boss who had docked his pay, Imelda fixed him with a cold eye and said, “Little fish does not eat big fish.” One afternoon, I heard Imelda and her daughter arguing in the kitchen. Her daughter had quarreled with her husband?s parents, and Imelda was in sisting that she apologized to them. Her daughter objected. “But, Mama, I just can?t swallow them, not even with honey. They talk so big until we need something; then they?re too poor. So today when they wouldn?t even lend us enough to pay for a new bed, a ll I did was say something that I?ve heard you say a hundred times: …If so grand, why so poor? If so poor, why so grand?” “Impertinent!” snorted Imelda. “Have I not also taught you, …What the tongue says, the neck pays for?? I will not have it said that I could never teach my daughter proper respect for her elders. And before you go to beg their pardon, change those trousers for a dress. You know how your mother-in-law feels about pants on a woman. She always says, …What was hatched a hen must not try to be a rooster!” Her daughter made one more try. “But Mama, you often say, …If the saint is annoyed, don?t pray to him until he gets over it.? Can?t I leave it for tomorrow?” “No, no and no! Remember: …If the dose is nasty, swallow it fast.? You know, my child, you did wrong. But, …A gift is the key to open the door closed against you.? I have a cake in the oven that I was making for the Senora?s dinner, I will explain to the Senora. Now, dear, hurry home and make yourself pretty in your pink dress. By the time you get back, I will have the cake ready for you to take to your mother-in-law. She will be so pleased that she may make your father-in-law pay for the bed. Remember: …One hand washes the other, but together they wash the face.?”