商务英语写作
商务英语翻译：商务合同英译应注意的问题
英译商务合同貌似简单，实则不然。商务合同是一种特殊的应用文体，重在记实，用词行文的一大特点就是准确与严谨。本文拟运用翻译教学中所积累的英译商务合同的实例，从三个方面论述如何从大处着眼、小处着手、力求准确严谨英译商务合同。
英译商务合同貌似简单，实则不然。商务合同是一种特殊的应用文体，重在记实，用词行文的一大特点就是准确与严谨。本文拟运用翻译教学中所积累的英译商务合同的实例，从三个方面论述如何从大处着眼、小处着手、力求准确严谨英译商务合同。
一、酌情使用公文语惯用副词
商务合同属于法律性公文，所以英译时，有些词语要用公文语词语、特别是酌情使用英语惯用的一套公文语副词，就会起到使译文结构严谨、逻辑严密、言简意赅的作用。但是从一些合同的英文译本中发现，这种公文语副词常被普通词语所代替，从而影响到译文的质量。
实际上，这种公文语惯用副词为数并不多，而且构词简单易记。常用的这类副词是由 here、there、where 等副词分别加上 after、by、in、of、on、to、under、upon、with 等副词，构成一体化形式
的公文语副词。例如：从此以后、今后：hereafter；此后、以后：thereafter；在其上：thereon/thereupon；在其下：thereunder；对于这个：hereto；对于那个：whereto；在上文：hereinabove/hereinbefore；在下文：hereinafter/hereinbelow；在上文中、在上一部分中：thereinbefore；在下文中、在下一部分中：thereinafter．现用两个实例，说明在英译合同中如何酌情使用上述副词。
例1：本合同自买方和建造方签署之日生效。
This Contract shall come into force from the date of execution hereof by the Buyer and the Builder.
例2：下述签署人同意在中国制造新产品，其品牌以此为合适。
The undersigned hereby agrees that the new products whereto this trade name is more appropriate are made in China.
二、谨慎选用极易混淆的词语
英译商务合同时，常常由于选词不当而造成词不达意或者意思模棱两可的情况，有时甚至表达的是完全不同的含义。因此了解与掌握极易混淆的词语的区别是极为重要的，是提高英译质量的关键因素之一，现把常用且易混淆的七对词语，用典型实例论述如下。
1. shipping advice 与 shipping instructions
shipping advice 是“装运通知”，是由出口商（卖主）发给进口商（买主）的。然而 shipping instructions 则是“装运须知”，是进口商（买主）发给出口商（卖主）的。另外要注意区分 vendor
（卖主）与 vendee（买主），consignor（发货人）与 consignee（收货人）。上述这三对词语在英译时、极易发生笔误。
2. abide by 与 comply with
abide by 与 comply with 都有“遵守”的意思．但是当主语是“人”时，英译“遵守”须用 abide by。当主语是非人称时，则用 comply with 英译“遵守”。
例3：双方都应遵守/双方的一切活动都应遵守合同规定。
Both parties Shall abide by/All the activities of both parties shall comply with the contractual stipulations.
3. change A to B 与 change A into B
英译“把 A 改为 B”用“change A to B”，英译“把 A 折合成/兑换成 B”用“change A into B”，两者不可混淆。
例4：交货期改为 8 月并将美元折合成人民币。
Both parties agree that change the time of shipment to August and change US dollar into Renminbi.
4. ex 与 per
源自拉丁语的介词 ex 与 per 有各自不同的含义。英译由某轮船“运来”的货物时用 ex，由某轮船“运走”的货物用 Per，而由某轮船“承运”用 by。
例5：由“维多利亚”轮运走/运来/承运的最后一批货将于10月1日抵达伦敦。
The last batch per/ex/by S.S. “Victoria” will arrive
at London on October (S.S. = Steamship).
5. in 与 after
当英译“多少天之后”的时间时，往往是指“多少天之后”的确切的一天，所以必须用介词 in，而不能用 after，因为介词 after 指的是“多少天之后”的不确切的任何一天。
例6：该货于 11 月 10 日由“东风”轮运出，41 天后抵达鹿特丹港。
The good shall be shipped per M.V. “Dong Feng” on November 10 and are due to arrive at Rotterdam in 140 days. (M.V.= motor vessel)
6. on/upon 与 after
当英译“……到后，就……”时，用介词 on/upon，而不用 after，因为 after 表示“之后”的时间不明确。
例7：发票货值须货到付给。
The invoice value is to be paid on/upon arrival of the goods.
7. by 与 before
当英译终止时间时，比如“在某月某日之前”，如果包括所写日期时，就用介词 by；如果不包括所写日期，即指到所写日期的前一天为止，就要用介词 before。
例8：卖方须在 6 月 15 日前将货交给买方。
The vendor shall deliver the goods to the vendee by June
15.(or: before June 16，说明含 6 月 15 日在内。如果不含 6 月
15 日，就译为 by June 14 或者 before June 15。)
三、慎重处理合同的关键细目
实践证明，英译合同中容易出现差错的地方，一般来说，不是大的陈述性条款。而恰恰是一些关键的细目。比如：金钱、时间、数量等。为了避免出差错，在英译合同时，常常使用一些有限定作用的结构来界定细目所指定的确切范围。
1. 限定责任：众所周知，合同中要明确规定双方的责任。为英译出双方责任的权限与范围，常常使用连词和介词的固定结构。现把最常用的此类结构举例说明如下：
（1）and/or常用 and/or 英译合同中“甲和乙+甲或乙”的内容，这样就可避免译其中的一部分。
例9：如果上述货物对船舶和（或）船上其它货物造成任何损害，托运人应负全责
The shipper shall be liable for all damage caused by such goods to the ship and/or cargo on board.
（2） by and between
常用 by and between 强调合同是由“双方”签订的，因此双方必须严格履行合同所赋于的责任。
例10：买卖双方同意按下述条款购买出售下列商品并签订本合同。
This Contract is made by and between the Buyer and the
Seller, whereby the Buyer agrees to buy and the Seller agrees to sell the under-mentioned commodity subject to the terms and conditions stipulated below.
2. 限定时间：英译与时间有关的文字，都应非常严格慎重地处理，因为合同对时间的要求是准确无误。所以英译起止时间时，常用以下结构来限定准确的时间。不论什么场合，都要相信自己。如果没有信心，上场后再遇到几句听不大明白，那就会更加慌乱，越慌则越译不好。听不懂时，要实事求是，不能不懂装懂，凭感觉乱发挥。多问两次并不丢人，千万不能以为多问了显得水平低、丢面子，因而当问不问，造成错误。
还有，有时在翻译时漏译了几句，在译下面一段时因为上下文的关系又想起来了，这时可以直接补进去，而不必专门向听众说明’这两句前面漏译了，现在补上。’这种情况，很多译员可能都遇到过。特别是在外宾讲得兴奋起来，一口气讲很长时，或者是由于翻译时间长了，脑力疲劳时容易发生。这里，我说不必向听众说明，是因为你多说了那几句反而容易分散听众的注意力，影响听众的情绪，当然也就影响了翻译的整体效果。
3. 限定金额：为避免金额数量的差，伪造或涂改英译时常用以下措施严格把关。
（1）大写文字重复金额。英译金额须在小写之后，在括号内用大写文字重复该金额，即使原文合同中没有大写，英译时也有必要加上大写。在大写文字前加上“SAY”，意为“大写”；在最后加上
“ONLY”．意思为“整”。必须注意：小写与大写的金额数量要一致。
例16：聘方须每月付给受聘方美元 500 元整。
Party A shall pay Party B a monthly salary of US $ 500 (SAY FIVE HUNDRED US DOLLARS ONLY).
（2）正确使用货币符号。英译金额必须注意区分和正确使用各种不同的货币名称符号。“$”既可代表“美元”，又可代表其它某些地方的货币；而“￡”不仅代表“英镑”，又可代表其它某些地方的货币。
必须注意：当金额用数字书写时，金额数字必须紧靠货币符号，例如：Can $891,568，不能写成：Can $ 891,568。另外，翻译的还要特别注意金额中是小数点 (.) 还是分节号 (,)，因为这两个符号极易引起笔误，稍有疏忽，其后果是不堪设想的。
浅谈商务英语写作7c原则中的“准确性” 16商务英语三班李可娇 摘要：随着经济全球化、贸易全球化的深入发展，英语在商务业务中的应用更加广泛。商务英语写作能力作为书写商务信函的必要能力，越来越被外贸从业人员所重视。商务英语写作中的7c原则是贯穿其中的指导性原则。本文针对商务英语写作7c原则中的准确性原则展开论述，阐述何为准确性、准确性在商务英语写作中的重要性，同时提出如何做到准确书写信函的建议。力图通过此篇论文，使读者了解准确性原则、掌握准确性原则在商务英语写作中的应用方法。Abstract: With the development of economic globalization and globalization of trade, English is more widely used in business. As a necessary ability to write business letters， Business English writing ability is increasingly valued by foreign trade practitioners. The criteria of seven “Cs” are the guiding principles that run through. The author of this paper tried to talk aboutwhat is correctness ,what is the importance of correctness, and puts forward advice on how to achieve correctness. This paper aims to make readers understand the correctness and the application of correctness in business English writing. 关键词：7c原则；准确性；商务英语写作 Keywords：The criteria of seven “Cs”; Correctness; Business English writing 一·引言：商务英语信函在外贸业务中被广泛应用，掌握商务英语写作7c原则能够与外商建立良好的沟通与磋商。7c原则包括有清楚性、完整性、准确性、简洁性、具体性、礼貌性、体谅性，其中本文讨论的准确性能够通过实现语法、用词、称呼、信息等方面的准确，使得良好的公司形象得以树立，保证商务活动的顺利进行，从而在激烈的商务竞争中掌握先机。本文将界定准确性，阐述准确性的重要意义并提出做到准确性的方法。 二·何为7c原则以及准确性的要求 最初，美国哲学家Grice于1975年从形式逻辑和自然语言逻辑之间的差别
商务英语写作复习题 1．建立业务关系的信函 ●信息来源（告知对方你是从何渠道了解到对方的） ●对你的公司做简单介绍（公司的业务范围，稍稍“宣传”一下你公司的 产品和服务。 ●写信的目的（你想与对方做什么生意，比如，想购买对方的产品，推 销你自己的产品，想与对方建立合资公司等）。 ●表达与对方合作和早日收到回复的愿望。 Sample Letter May 10, 2003 Dear Sirs, We have obtai ned the name and address of your corporation from the Commercial Counselor’s Office of your Embassy in our country, through whom we learned that you are the manufacturers and exporters of bamboo products. We are very pleased to communicate you for the possibility of trading together. We have been in business as importers of general merchandise since 1965 and can particularly boast of having vast and wide experience in the business line of bamboo products. Our bankers are Guarantee Trust bank, Holland, from whom you will be able to get any information you may require concerning our business character and financial standing. We should appreciate it if you would let us know your trade terms and forward us copy of your catalogue or helpful literature and your latest price list. We look forward to the pleasure of hearing from you soon. Yours faithfully 2．订购函 你公司准备向某公司订购一批产品。请你写一封订购信，其内容应
商务英语写作（2）（B卷） 考试有关事项说明 考试日期：年月日（星期） 答题时间：120分钟。 考试地点： 考试形式：闭卷 Ⅰ. Fill in the blanks. (15%, 1 point for each blank) (1) Technical writing is a form of , a type of , an interactive that involves writers and readers who response to one another. (2) Some reports might present the to solve a business problem; other reports might record that will be useful to assist in future decision making. Either way, is being “reported” that will be useful in making decisions. (3) Doing a business, it usually includes and replies, , orders and their fulfillment, terms of payment, and , etc. (4) A business report conveys information to assist in . It may be long or short, , public or private, or reported on special occasions. (5) Technical writing has many forms, including letters, , reports, , presentations, and . Ⅱ. Multiple choices (15%, 1.5 point for each one)
商务英语信函写作地简洁原则 随着全球经济一体化进程地不断发展,世界范围内地经济合作与交流也在不断增多.人们不可能跟自己地贸易伙伴一一亲自会面协商.而且我们常常需要将自己地贸易伙伴做出地各种承诺变成有籍可查地文字记录.这时商务信函就成了取代亲自拜会地一种便宜有效地沟通媒介.我们给贸易伙伴地每一封信都代表着自己 所在公司地形象,显示着公司地水平和实力.“一封好地商务信函有助于促进和发展同客户地关系,在促进达 成新地业务方面起着积极地作用.”（摘自《丹尼尔·肯尼迪方法：推销信创造地奇迹》）所以在写作时我们应该严格遵守并且灵活运用“7C”原则： Completeness（完整）Concreteness（具体） Correctness（正确）Conciseness（简洁） Clearness（明晰）Courtesy（礼貌） Conscientiousness（诚意） 这七个原则是商务信函写作地最基本地指导原则,对于写好一封商务信函起着很重要地作用. 我们知道,在商务活动中,时间和效率对于每一个商务人士来说都是非常重要地.在和自己地贸易伙伴合作和交流地每一个环节上,我们都要尽可能地减少给对方造成时间浪费,以便对方能够在同我们地商务交往中提高效率.写作商务信函最直接地目地就是进行有效地沟通和交流,简洁地表达与有效率地掌握分寸是最重要地.因此,商务信函地写作重点应始终放在“效率”二字上,短小精悍、切中要点.简洁就是用最简单地话语准确地表达自己地意思.而无需以牺牲完整、具体、礼貌为代价.一般不需要礼节性地寒暄,最好是开门见山、直入主题；语言精练,言简意赅.信函中地冗言必须省去,尽可能地将交易地详细事项整理后,简洁地向对方陈述,要尽可能地避免毫无重点而罗嗦冗长地写上好几张地情形.让对方很清楚地了解你想说什么,非常轻易地领会你地意图,从而快捷迅速地做出反应. 在商务写作过程中,笔者认为简洁是最重要地一个环节,同时也是最难做到地.所以下面我将对简洁原则从全文组织结构、段落、句子和词汇这四个方面作一些研究和探讨. 一、压缩篇幅,删繁就简. （一）3W式结构. 一封商务信函地全文结构可以用3W 来表示,即：Why do you write the letter? (第一部分) ；What’s the detailed reason? (第二部分) ；What do you expect your reader to do? (第三部分).我们在上文中已经提到过,商务信函写作地最主要目地就是沟通和交流.收信人或许每天都要看很多地信函,一封冗长、拖沓、空洞、开头就不得要领地信函第一眼看到会让人感到厌烦,从而对写信人地印象大打折扣. 1、第一部分（Why do you write the letter?）：在信函地一开头就要目地明确、简明扼要告诉读信者为什么要写这封信,如： 例（１）：I am replying to your letter of April 15 asking us to clear our March payment. 这样地开头直接告诉对方写信是为了回复对方4月15日让己方对三月份地订货付款地来信.这样可以使得读信人立刻知道写信地意图,在读信地时候可以有充分地心理准备,或者把注意力集中在问题地重点上.不会因为一些无关紧要地寒暄而分散注意力. 在这方面,我们最应该注意地就是避免中国式地寒暄和问候,不要为了追求客气而落入俗套. 例（２）：It was a long time since I saw you in Qing Dao 3 months ago. 这样地信函开头不仅罗嗦、冗长,而且会给收信人一种错觉：这是一封朋友之间相互问候地私人信件.因而将它搁置一边,待自己较为空闲时再看,很可能会因为延迟阅读而给双方带来无可弥补地损失. 2、第二部分（What’s the detailed reason?）：即商务信函地征文,叙述事实或者理由来支持信里地第一句.会显出你郑重其事、思想缜密.把所要列举地事实或者理由合并成最重要地一点或者两点,在不影响清楚准确地基础上越简洁越好.如：
商务英语写作试卷 （课程代码：5440） I. Multiple-choice: For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. (1 point each) 1.Please let us know which of our products _______. A. you are interested B. are you interested C. they are interested D. you are interested in 2.We ______ your name and address _______ the Chinese Embassy in Bonn. A. are learning….from B. have learned ….from C. have come to know….of D. have been given ….from 3.We are now enclosing a pricelist for all the items you _______ in your letter under reply. A. required B. inquired about C. said D. informed 4.If you are prepared to increase your ______ to 15%, we shall be pleased to purchase the complete stock. A. price B. discount C. sales volume D. cost 5. A recent market survey reveals that such articles are no longer __________. A. in demand B. demanded C. on demand D. for demand 6.This is a new product but it is gaining _______ popularity in the world market. A. many more B. better and better C. increasingly steady D. steadily increasing 7.Concerning the ________ L/C, we wish to inform you that there are several clauses that need amendment. A. subjective B. caption C. subjected D. captioned 8.We wish to make it clear to you that we shall not ______ the shipment if they arrive after December 19, 2005. A. arrange B. receive C. accept D. acknowledge 9.Following your order ______ 400 pieces of electronic toys last year, we are pleased to receive your order No. 456 _______ the same quantity. A. for, of B. of , of C. for, for D. with, for 10.As agreed upon in our negotiation, payment _______ L/C. A. by B. will C. are by D. is to be made by 11.We will do our best to _______ shipment to meet your requirements in time. A. comply B. make C. expediting D. arranged 12.Any loss or damage noticed when the goods are delivered must be reported to the ______ at the time, otherwise he will not be responsible for it. A. consignor B. consignee C. shipper D. carrier 13.For all the remaining items the stated dates of delivery are approximate, but _______ would these dates be exceeded by more that ten days. A. in no case B. in any case C. by all means D. under any circumstances 14.Your failure to open the L/C in time will ________impossible for us to deliver goods within the period stipulated in the contract. A. make them be B. make it be C. make it D. make that be 15.The stipulations in your L/C _________ not in accordance with the contract, we have to request you to make an amendment. A. is B. being C. is to be D. would be 16.In _______ of quality, our make is superior. A. terms B. term C. connection D. connections 17.__________, the buyers have urged us to expedite shipment of their order. A. The season approaching B. The season is approaching C. As season approaching D. The season was approaching 18.We accept as an exception your order _________ business with you.
欢迎各位员工及家人参与。 . , . 董事会将于月日星期五下午点在室召开会议。 . 我们的门诊政策有所变动，希望大家注意。 ’. 这个星期三的公司例会宣布成立公司研发部。 . 有关详情请联系张文，电话是。 . 借此机会感谢大家的配合。 . 我们非常希望你能参加我们的结婚典礼，希望能在月日那天见到你。 . . ’. 夫妇很荣幸能邀请您参加庆祝他们女儿大学毕业的花园聚会。 . 我们盛情邀请您和家人参加的周年舞会。 . 希望您能接受邀请，并在月日之前回复。 . . 晚宴开始前在室会有茶点，欢迎前往。 . 请于天内汇款以维持您的信用等级。 , , . 虽然公司已预订在星期六使用会所，但是我们仍能为您提供人的会议室。 . 您要求报销差旅费的请求已被批准，相信您一定很高兴得知这一消息。 . 凭借在饮食业的丰富经验，我们能为顾客提供最好的服务。 . 从您的来信得知，已发现五把椅子在装运过程中受到损坏。 . 我们希望本月底以前收到您应付的金额。 , . 我们希望你们能对货物满意，并期待收到你们更多的订单。 . 对于任何不便之处我们再次表示歉意。 . 如能尽早回复，不胜感激。 . 我们期待与你们的合作愉快而成功。 ’. 请注意公司周年舞会的日期变动。
下面我将罗列有关结果。 . 以下政策立即生效。 . 请于星期五告知你假期里的联系电话。 . 与的合作将对公司未来发展有帮助。 ’. 这份备忘录将展示与上海总公司会议的结果。 , . 我代表公司所有职员衷心祝贺你被委任为诺丁汉办公署的总经理。 . 祝你前程锦绣。 , , . 这是一个了不起的成就，我相信你的家人朋友还有你自己一定会引以为豪。 . 我们知道你为此付出了很多努力，你得奖是实至名归的。 . 祝你和你的事业继续走向辉煌。 . 这是董事会年五月份会议有关决策的报告。 . 目前调查的主要结果可总结为以下几点。 ’, . 这个建议是在我前三年研究的基础上提出的，我相信会行得通。 . 还有些其他方法可以降价。 , , ’. 目前我正在进行该项目的调查工作，已取得了下列成绩。 . 调查表明这类产品的市场正处于成长期。 “”. 我们希望能紧扣贵公司在广交会上展出的“象牙牌”照相机。 . 请告知您能给我们什么样的优惠。 , , . 我们公司希望能进口摩托车，如果贵公司能给我们寄上你们公司最新的产品目录、价格单和出后条款，我们将不胜感激。 . 我们有意采用贵公司现有的部分产品用于家具生产。 . 在此先感谢您对我们提供的帮助。 .
商务英语写作期末考试模拟题
商务英语写作期末考试模拟题 I. Multiple Choices (单选题). (30%, 2 point each) 1. John is fatter than __________ of the other boys in class. He is the fattest. A. some B. that C. any D. many 2. We ordered the above computers ______ 18 January, and they still have not arrived. A. in B. on C. for D. by 3. –Will you stay for lunch? --Sorry, _________. My brother is
coming to see me. A. I mustn’t B. I needn’t C. I can’t D. I won’t 4. Hundreds of jobs _________ if the factory closes. A. lose B. will be lost C. are lost D. will lose 5. Since I won the big prize, my telephone hasn’t stopped ringing. People ___________ to ask how I am going to spend the money. A. phone B. will phone C. were phoning D. are phoning 6. __________ still for a moment, please? I want to take a photograph of
商务英语写作的原则和注意的要点 写作商务信函并不要求您使用华丽优美的词句。您需要做的就是，用简单朴实的语言，准确的表达自己的意思，让对方可以非常清楚的了解您想说什么。一般地，商务信函有以下几个方面的写作原则： 1 礼貌体谅原则(consideration) 2 体谅原则(consideration) 3 完整原则(completeness) 在信函写作中,信息完整很关键,所以商务信函中应包括所有必需的信息。 4 清楚原则(clarity) 5 具体原则(concreteness) 6 正确原则(correctness) 做到这几个原则应该主意一下几点： 一、谨慎选用极易混淆的词语 英译商务合同时，常常由于选同不当而寻致词不达意或者意思模棱两可，有时甚至表达的是完全不同的含义。因此了解与掌握极易混淆的词语的区别是极为重要的，是提高英译质量的关键因素之一，现把常用且易混淆的七对词语，用典型实例论述如下。 1、shipping advice 与 shipping instructions shipping advice 是“装运通知”，是由出口商（卖主）发给进口商（买主）的。然而 shipping instructions 则是“装运须知”，是进口商（买主）发给出口商（卖主）的。另外要注意区分 vendor（卖主）与 vendee（买主），consignor（发货人）与 consignee（收货人）。上述这三对词语在英译时、极易发生笔误。 2、abide by 与 comply with abide by 与 comply with 都有“遵守”的意思．但是当主语是“人”时，英译“遵守”须用 abide by。当主语是非人称时，则用 comply with 英译“遵守”。 双方都应遵守/双方的一切活动都应遵守合同规定。 Both parties Shall abide by/All the activities of both parties shall comply with the contractual stipulations.
大学商务英语写作考试 复习题 http://biz.doczj.com/doc/c52589399.html,work Information Technology Company.2020YEAR
商务英语复习题 1.What information should be contained in the first information section of a resume? A.the job objective B.family history and gender identification C.the date D.contect information 2.Which of the following is a “6C” A.Colorfulness B.Concreteness http://biz.doczj.com/doc/c52589399.html,fortability http://biz.doczj.com/doc/c52589399.html,patibility 3.What is the first thing to appear on a bussiness letter A.the date B.the letterhead C.the inside address D.the attention line 4.When writing the date on a business letter you should take care to do what? A.make sure you always put the year first before the month and day B.always use only numbers in the date field C.make sure you always put the month first before the date and year D.spell out the month 5.How many spaces are needed between the complimentary close of a letter and the typed name of the person writing the letter? A.3 B.2 C.4 D. as many as needed 6.What should you do if you are worried that the reader of a request you are asking will not honor your request? A.write the letter in an indirect style B.write the letter in a direct style C.ask them to please grant your request D.be forceful and demand they honor your request
湖北省高等教育自学考试课程考试大纲 课程名称：商务英语翻译课程代码：05355 第一部分课程性质与目标 一、课程性质与特点 商务英语翻译是湖北省高等教育自学考试商务英语专业（专科）的一门专业基础课。该课程实践性强，注重专业知识，以课文的英译汉为主要内容，配以翻译理论和互译技巧的讲解，将英语学习与商务专业知识、英汉翻译理论与商务方面的实际应用等有机结合。本课程具备科学性，典型性，实用性，并紧扣全国国际商务专业技术资格考试中的规定的相关内容，理论联系实际，针对性强。 二、课程目标及基本要求 本课程较全面的涉及到了商务英语活动的各方面，讲解相关内容的翻译方法与技巧，增强翻译技能，通过大量全真的英汉互译的实例训练以达到提高本专业学生在专业英语及商务知识方面的翻译能力的目的。 通过本课程的学习，使学生能够全面、灵活地运用各种翻译方法和技巧，准确、完整地对各种商务英语体裁的文章进行翻译，达到商务英语专业大学专科的要求。 三、与本专业其他课程的关系 商务英语翻译课程的前期课程有综合英语（上）、商务英语听说、商务英语阅读、商务英语写作等课程，其后续课程是综合英语（下）、商务函电等课程，这些课程紧密联系，相辅相成。 第二部分考核内容与考核目标 第一单元 一、学习目的与要求 通过本单元的学习，使学生了解翻译的过程，翻译的形式及其目的；掌握《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》的有关内容；对国际商务合同的术语翻译和解读。 二、考核知识点与考核目标 （一）翻译中的词类转换；翻译的形式（重点） 理解：词类转换： 1.英语名词转化为汉语动词 1)动物名词的转化 2)人体名词的转换 3)自然现象名词的转化 4)地点名词的转化 2.英语名词转为为汉语形容词、副词 应用：翻译的形式 (1)直译literal translation (2)意译free translation (3)活译dynamic equivalence translation
机密★启用前 大连理工大学网络教育学院 大工20春《商务英语写作-精品课程》课程考试 期末考试复习题 ☆注意事项：本复习题满分共：400分 一、单项选择题（本大题共30小题，每小题2分，共60分） 1.Please let us know which of our products _______. A. you are interested B. are you interested C. they are interested D. you are interested in 2.We ______ your name and address _______ the Chinese Embassy in Bonn. A. are learning….from B. have learned ….from C. have come to know….of D. have been given ….from 3.We are now enclosing a price list for all the items you _______ in your letter under reply. A. required B. inquired about C. said D. informed 4.If you are prepared to increase your ______ to 15%, we shall be pleased to purchase the complete stock. A. price B. discount C. sales volume D. cost 5. A recent market survey reveals that such articles are no longer __________. A. in demand B. demanded C. on demand D. for demand 6. We will do our best to _______ shipment to meet your requirements in time. A. comply B. make C. expediting D. arranged 7. Any loss or damage noticed when the goods are delivered must be reported to the ______ at the time, otherwise he will not be responsible for it. A. consignor B. consignee C. shipper D. carrier 8. For all the remaining items the stated dates of delivery are approximate, but _______ would these dates be exceeded by more that ten days. A. in no case B. in any case C. by all means D. under any circumstances 9. Your failure to open the L/C in time will ________impossible for us to deliver goods within the
Chapter 2 7Cs Principle: Completeness and Conciseness 7Cs PPrriinncciippllee 11:: CCoommpplleetteenneesss s 7Cs Principle 2 : Conciseness Completeness Conciseness Consideration Correctness Clarity Courtesy Concreteness 1. 7Cs Principle1: Completeness Keep in mind the following guidelines to write completely 1) Try to answer all questions asked. Whenever you reply to a letter containing one or more questions, try to answer all of them--stated or implied. If you have no information on a precise question at the moment, just say so clearly and sincerely, instead of leaving out the answer.If you have unfavorable news in answer to one or more questions, handle your reply with both tact and honestly. When saying no, be courteous and polite, but firm. Eg.1 We can not deliver the goods until May 1. (poor) We can deliver the goods on May 1. Eg.2 We regret to inform you that we deny your request for credit. For the time being we can only serve you on a cash basis. Dear sirs: Many thanks for your order of October 12. After careful consideration, we have come to the conclusion that it would be better for you to approach another manufacturer for the products you desire. To produce the machine required according to your specifications would mean setting up special equipment at our factory. This would not only be impossible to accomplish before the end of this year, but would seriously interrupt our production schedule. We are sorry not to be more helpful, but hope that you will understand our position. Please contact us again. We will be pleased to serve you in the future.
Unit 2 1．(1) c (2) d (3) b (4) b (5) b (6) b (7) d (8) c (9) b (10)b 2．(1) regards, say (2) specialized, with (3) with, by (4) If, interesting, enquiry (5) available (6)popularity (7) finances, to (8)compliance 3． (1) We are one of the leading importers dealing in electronic products in the area, and take this opportunity to approach you in the hope of establishing business relations. (2) We have been engaged in handling importing and exporting of machinery and equipment for many years, and our products have enjoyed great popularity in many countries. (3) We owe your name and address to the Commercial Counselor’s office of our Embassy in Beijing. (4) We are given to understand that you are a manufacturer of daily chemicals. One of our clients is in the market for cosmetics from your country. We will appreciate it highly if you airmail the catalogue and price list of the goods available at present. (5) For our credit standing please refer to the Bank of China, Shanghai Branch. Unit 3 1．(1) b (2) b (3) b (4) b (5) a (6) d (7) d (8) c (9) b (10)a 2． (1) Please quote us your best price CIF Shanghai, inclusive of our 3% commission. (2) Should your price be found competitive, we intend to place with an order you for 300,000 yards of Cotton Cloth. (3) One of our customers is now interested in the Qingdao Haier Refrigerator made in your country. Please offer CIF London for 400 sets to be delivered in April. (4) To enable you to have a better understanding of our products, we are sending you by air 2 sample books. (5) In reply to your enquiry dated April 28, we are now sending you our latest price list for your reference. 3． Dear Sirs, We learn from a friend in Shenzhen that you are exporting light industrial products, especially electric appliances. There is a steady demand here for the above-mention
英译汉 China has pulled out all the stops to get the 2008 Olympic Games after a heartbre aking loss to Sydney for 2000. State media here have steadily promised a world-beatin g Game at a cost of $20 to $40 billion. Yet such triumphal tones are now giving way t o a more modest depiction of the 2008 enterprise. One former Chinese official, speakin g on terms of anonymity, stated that, “It goes against the Chinese tradition of modest y for us to brag about our games. We need to ensure the quality of materials is high. That's been the problem in our past. It isn't just the c ost. But this plan does cost a lot, and we need to be practical.” Beijing secured the 2008 Olympics after a hard-fought competition with Paris and Toronto. For China, snagging the Olympics was not only a matter of prestige but of int ernational respect. More important, as a Security Council member and a rising power i n Asia, the victory brought confidence that China would now be able to show the worl d its efficient central-planning system and its new technocratic class of savvy organizati onal managers who would put on a world-class games. Still, despite continued hopes for private-sector contributions, the financing side of the games remains largely state-run. The principal partners are state-owned enterprise s: The Bank of China, Air China, and China Netcom. Volkswagen has signed on, howev er, as has General Electric and McDonald''s. Asia''s booming initial-public-offering market is a sure sign that solid economic recov ery is growing deeper roots. The rush to list shares on the region''s stockmarkets signa ls that Asia''s entrepreneurs are back in the game. And it''s not all internet company fe ver, though there''s plenty of that; companies in many industries are lining up to issu e shares. In Hong Kong China, eight companies have listed on the Growth Enterprise Marke t, which opened in late November. The latest to join GEM, China Data Broadcast Holdin gs, rose 310% on its first day of trading on January 24. As in the United States, stoc k valuations sometimes don''t make much sense to traditional-minded investors. But th e stockmarket isn''t about making sense, it''s about making money.