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蒸汽喷射器的设计及CAD软件系统的开发

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万方数据
硕士学位论文
assembly diagram by integrate these components drawing. The ActiveX Automation technology realizes the integral program with structure designing and parameterization drawing. Each module and its detailed programming methods of the CAD software is also explained.
(4)在本文最后列举一工程实例,并根据设计的结果,建立数学模型,采 用计算流体动力学软件 Fluent 对数学模型进行数值模拟,即利用数值模拟的方法 对实例进行验证,结果表明设计结果准确、可靠。
关键词:蒸汽喷射器 计算机辅助设计 参数化设计 ActiveX Automation VB Fluent
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万方数据
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Steam ejector is one fluid machine that pumps low-pressure fluids with high-pressure steam. The range of application has broaden in many fields including power industry, petrochemical engineering, metallurgy, light or textile industry, refrigerating and heat engineering etc for its simple structure, low running cost and expediently maintenance. However, very complex conformation of internal fluids exists in despite of its simple structure. In industry designing, to refer to the diagram or to estimate empirically is in common use for designing steam ejector, and so the relative larger error is inevitable and the ejector using foregoing methods sometimes can not meet the required working performance. In the present dissertation, the author develops a set of CAD software for designing the steam ejector, which includes the mathematical calculating for designing and finishing schedule drawing automatically, based on the theory of steam ejector and object oriented programming consideration. The software can not only enhance the accuracy but also increase the designing efficiency. Main jobs in this dissertation include:
硕士学位论文
摘要
蒸汽喷射器是一种利用高压蒸汽抽吸低压流体的流体机械。其结构简单、运 转费用低、维修方便,因此国内外在动力、石油化工、冶金、轻工纺织、制冷、 工业热工等领域应用越来越广。虽然蒸汽喷射器的结构简单,但其内部流动形态 非常复杂。工业设计中,大多采用查图表和经验估算的方法进行蒸汽喷射器的设 计,过程繁锁,且误差较大,设计出来的喷射器往往不能达到要求的工作性能。 为此,本文在研究蒸汽喷射器理论的基础上,开发了融设计计算与绘图于一体的 蒸汽喷射器计算机辅助设计(CAD)软件,不仅提高准确度,更能提高设计效率。 本文主要的研究工 章 绪论
本文作者在研究蒸汽喷射器理论的基础上,开发了融设计计算与绘图于一体 的蒸汽喷射器计算机辅助设计(CAD)软件,不仅可以根据操作条件计算出蒸汽 喷射器的结构尺寸,而且能紧密配合 CAD 系统,绘出图样,实现人性化的蒸汽 喷射器的结构设计,设计速度快,结果准确,具有一定的社会经济价值。
(2) ActiveX Automation is the interface of object oriented programming (OOP), which makes many OOP statements control the relevant function in AutoCAD. In this article, the technology about ActiveX Automation and the object model of AutoCAD ActiveX are introduced in brief firstly. The object model tree can show the opening object function through the technology of ActiveX Automation in AutoCAD. Some major ActiveX Automation drawing commands using VB as the developing language are listed to prepare for the development of CAD software of steam ejector designing.
(4) To verify, an engineering case is adopted for numerical modeling, which bases on the structure configuration from software designing and finishes the simulation by computational hydrodynamic code FLUENT. The results show that the designing results are reliable. Keywords: Steam ejector; CAD; Parametric design; ActiveX Automation; VB; Fluent
(1) To expatiate basic theory for structure designing of steam ejector and to determine the equations for calculating the structure configuration combining with the corresponding designing standard.
图 1-1 蒸汽喷射器结构图 Fig.1-1 Structual graph of steam ejector
蒸汽喷射器的结构简单,然而,其工作涉及到高速可压缩流的卷吸,超音速 混合,以及激波、边界层、剪切层的交互作用,流动形态异常复杂,对流动过程 的数学描述十分困难。工业设计中,大多采用查图表的方法确定喷射系数,采用 粗略的经验估算方法确定结构中的关键尺寸。使用这种方法设计的喷射器经常达 不到理想的工作性能,甚至会出现真空度不稳定的情况,从而影响整个生产的连 续性、安全性。因此,蒸汽喷射器结构设计的好坏直接影响到整个生产工艺能否 正常、安全运行。
(3) To program for the CAD software using Visual Basic. The structure designing of steam ejector are achieved by building friendly User Interface (UI) and compiling the algorithm routine. To realize each component drawing using the parameterization designing based on the structure configuration. To finish the
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万方数据
硕士学位论文
第 1 章 绪论
1.1 课题研究意义
蒸汽喷射器(或称喷射器、射流泵、引射器)如图 1-1,是一种利用高压流 体抽吸低压流体的流体机械。它除了提高流体的压力而不用消耗机械能这一基本 的特征以外,它还具有结构简单、没有运动部件、运转费用低、操作维修方便等 优点,而且对于被抽吸流体没有严格的要求,对于有毒性、易燃易爆、腐蚀性强 及含有杂质或可凝性气体几乎都适用。加之抽气量较大,因此国内外在动力、石 油化工、冶金、轻工纺织、制冷、工业热工等领域应用越来越广。例如:在石油 炼制工业中,由于部分工艺需要靠蒸馏分解和提纯实现,因此需要蒸汽加热,在 此过程中形成大量的低温余热,为了不造成能源浪费或造成环境污染,绝大部分 工厂使用蒸汽喷射器来提高低品位热能的品位;在石油和化学工业中,蒸汽喷射 器用于某些特殊的工艺,如真空脱气、真空蒸发、真空结晶、真空干燥、真空提 纯等;蒸汽喷射器还被用作核电厂在型沸水反应堆的流量再循环系统及核心冷却 装置。
蒸汽喷射器的应用涉及国民经济的各个部门,其操作性能的好坏不但直接影 响生产的正常进行,并且涉及到产品质量、产量及节能等各个层面的问题。特别 是在竞争日益激烈的今天,企业要想获得生存和发展的空间,就必须提高生产效 率,降低生产成本和提高产器的质量,减少人力和材料的浪费。因此,如果能在 本研究工作的基础上,对蒸汽喷射器的结构设计实现计算机的辅助设计,就不仅 能提高工程设计的速度,而且能保证蒸汽喷射器在生产过程中的正常进行,实现 生产的高效、节能、可靠运行,创造客观的经济效益。
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