本科毕业设计（论文）通过答辩
I 摘 要
保护性耕作是国际农业技术发展的重要趋势，秸秆还田技术是机械化 保护性耕作中关键的一项技术。使用机械化秸秆还田技术可以有效地解决农忙期间争农时、争劳力的矛盾，有力推动秸秆还田的农业全程机械化进程，避免由于焚烧秸秆产生的环境污染。本着一机多用、降低生产成本的原则，研制了既能满足玉米秸秆、又能单独实现旋耕作业的新型玉米秸秆还田机。
(1)在对秸秆粉碎及灭茬基本理论分析的基础上，提出多功能玉米秸秆还田机总体结构设计方案。采用卧式结构，主要由悬挂装置、变速箱、秸秆粉碎机构、等组成。拖拉机输出动力经万向节传递给变速箱，变速箱一轴经齿轮、链轮两级增速后，带动粉碎刀辊工作。
(2)设计了新型变速箱，实现了秸秆粉碎的作业，结构简单，一机多用。主要由锥齿轮传动等组成。利用从动齿轮的离合来实现粉碎、旋耕动力的分离与结合，从而分别完成秸秆粉碎与旋耕单项作业，实现一机多用之功能。
关键词 变速箱；秸秆粉碎机；甩刀；结构及工作原理 本科毕业设计（论文）通过答辩
II Abstract
The protection cultivation is the most important international agricultural technology
development tendency. The smashed straw technology is one essential technology of the
mechanized protection cultivation. Using smashed straw machines call effectively solve the
problems that striving for time and during the busying farming time，and Can make the
agricultural entire mechanization come truth. It also call avoid environment pollution
caused by straw setting on fire. According to multi-function and reducing production cost,
multi—function smashed straw machine was developed. It not only Can smash “1w
together with the stubble and put it back to the farmland to increase the nutrient once
time but also Can according to Our practical necessity to choose rotary tilling single
function.
(1)On the basic of studying the elementary theory of smashing straw，the integral
structure design plan of multi-function machine was introduced. The machine is mainly
composed of system，gearbox，mission system，stalk-soil returning roller, rotary tiller roller,
and depth limit roller. Power is transmitted from the tractor shaft to the power output gearbox.
One shaft of the gearbox is acceleratedby both bevel gears and strap transmission. And then it
drives the stalk—smashing knives revolving quickly. Another is moved by the bevel gears and
strap wheel to drive the rotary tiller working.
(2)The innovative point is the design of new gearbox，which has realized
the composite work or work of smashing straw，stubble and rotary
tillage for the first time. It makes one machine has two uses. the gearbox is
mainly composed of bevel gears，poking fork，clutch，and bearings. Using the separation or
union between the clutch and gears，the separation or union of the power can be realized. So，the machine call choose smashed straw work or rotary tillage work. And the intension of
bevel gears, belts，axes are checked.
After rotary tillage work, the farmland is smooth. It Can satisfy the agronomy request
and can carry oil the following sowing seeds work directly.
本科毕业设计（论文）通过答辩
III Keywords gearbox；smashed straw ；Structures and working mechanism；本科毕业设计（论文）通过答辩
I 目录
摘要„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„Ⅰ
Abstract„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„Ⅰ
1秸秆粉碎机的概述 .................................................. 1
1.1秸秆粉碎机设计的必要性 ............................................ 1
1.2秸秆粉碎机具的国内外研究 .......................................... 2
1.3课题的研究内容 .................................................... 5
2技术任务书（JR） .................................................. 5
2.1设计依据 .......................................................... 5
2.2产品用途及使用范围 ................................................ 5
2.3主要工作原理 ...................................................... 6
2.4主要技术参数 ...................................................... 6
2.5关键问题及解决方法 ................................................ 7
3总体方案确定（SS） ................................................ 7
3.1总体方案 .......................................................... 7
3.2总体结构及工作原理 ................................................ 8
3.2.1结构组成 ...................................................... 8
3.2.2主要技术参数 .................................................. 8
4主要零部件的设计计算 ............................................ 10
4.1.配套动力计算 ..................................................... 14
4.2.变速箱设计 ....................................................... 15
4.3主轴及粉碎部件的设计 ............................................. 16
4.4主要零件的强度校核 ............................................... 19
5使用说明书（SS） ................................................. 23
5.1结构及工作 ....................................................... 23 本科毕业设计（论文）通过答辩
II 5.2使用与保养 ....................................................... 23
6安全注意事项 ....................................................... 24
7技术条件（JT） .................................................... 25
7.1检验规则 ......................................................... 25
7.1.1检验的划分 ................................................... 25
7.1.2出厂检验 ..................................................... 25
7.1.3型式检验 ..................................................... 26
8结论 ................................................................. 26
参考文献 .............................................................. 28
致谢 ................................................................... 30