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牙髓干细胞在再生医学中的应用研究与进展
马子洋，男，1995 年生，北京市人，汉族，首都医科大学 13 级七年制口腔医学专业在读。
通讯作者：
郭晓霞，博士，副教授，首都医科大学基础医学实验教学中心，北京市 100069 中图分类号:R318 文献标识码:A 文章编号:2095-4344 (2019)19-02872-07 稿件接受：
2019-03-20 ing an issue of concern in regenerative medicine.
OBJECTIVE: To provide clues and direction for further study by
analyzing progress of domestic and overseas research on dental
pulp stem cells, and summarizing their application in
regenerative medicine. METHODS: The dental pulp stem cell,
regenerative medicine, tissue engineering in Chinese and
English served as the search terms to search articles related
to dental pulp stem cells and regenerative medicine, published
from 2019 to 2019 in Medline, PubMed, CNKI, Wanfang and Cqvip
databases. Totally 46 articles were selected for overview.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Dental pulp stem cells, which hold the
capacity of self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation,
are relatively easy to obtain, and exhibit a great potential
in regenerative medicine. The research of dental pulp stem cells in repairing bone defects has entered the clinical trial
phase, but the research of cell differentiation into other
tissues is still in basic trial phase and needs further
development. Subject headings: Stem Cells; Dental Pulp;
Regenerative Medicine; Tissue Engineering Cite this article:
Ma ZY, Guo XX. Dental pulp stem cells in regenerative medicine:
application and development. Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu.
2019;20(19):2872-2878. 0 引言 Introduction 干细胞是未充分分化的细胞，具有自我更新与分化为特定组织器官的能力。
1909年，Maksimov首次在研究中发现造血干细胞，并提出干细胞的概念 [1] 。
近年来，干细胞在再生医学领域的应用研究越来越受到研究者的重视。
再生医学是指应用生物学及组织工程学的理论方法，通过干细胞的增殖分化替代损坏的细胞、组织和器官，使其具备正常组织、器官的结构和功能。
再生医学的应用研究能在一定程度上解决捐献器官缺乏的问题。
牙髓干细胞(dental pulp stem cell，DPSC)是指牙髓内可以快速增殖并且具有一定克隆形成能力的牙髓细胞，由Gronthos等 [2] 于2019年首次提出，它具有与骨髓间充质干细胞相似的免疫表型。
牙髓干细胞可以在不同培养环境下表达4种多能标记物：
Oct-4、Lin-28、Sox-2、NANOG [3] 。 ---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------
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牙髓干细胞主要从脱落的乳牙、智齿、正畸牙等中获得，其来源丰富，不涉及到伦理问题，故在再生医学领域的应用前景广阔。
文章就牙髓干细胞在再生医学中的研究进展做一综述。
1 资料和方法 Data and methods 1.1 文献检索和筛选要求 1.1.1 检索数据库 中国期刊全文数据库(万方、CNKI、维普)、美国《医学索引》(Medline)、PubMed。
1.1.2 检索数据库的选择理由 中国期刊全文数据库(万方、CNKI、维普)是国内的大型中文学术期刊全文数据库，收录范围广泛，特别是医学类期刊文献，读者很容易对研究内容进行检索并获得全文，便于浏览学习。
PubMed免费提供生物医学方面的医学文献搜索以及摘要，并提供全文来源数据库的连接，方便查找全文。
美国《医学索引》(Medline)是国际性综合生物医学信息书目数据库，是当前国际上最权威的生物医学文献数据库，学校购买了西文生物医学期刊文献数据库供教师和学生查找全文。
1.1.3 检索途径、检索词及各检索词的逻辑关系 为全面、准确地检索出撰写该综述的相关文献，文章写作过程中综合考虑了检索途径的选择、检索词的选择和各检索词间逻辑关系的配置，制定了科学的检索策略。
检索途径 ：
主题词检索、关键词检索、全文检索。 检索词 ：
以牙髓干细胞，再生医学，组织工程； dental pulp stem cell,
regenerative medicine, tissue engineering为检索词。
检索词的逻辑组配 ：
(dental pulp stem cell AND regenerative medicine) OR (dental
pulp stem cell AND tissue engineering)。
检索途径、检索词、检索词的逻辑组配的确定理由 ：
方便寻找主要论述牙髓干细胞和再生医学的文献，或 马子洋，等 .
牙髓干细胞在再生医学中的应用研究与进展 P.O. Box 10002,
Shenyang 110180 bined with dental pulp stem cells and
platelet-rich fibrin. Cell Tissue Res. 2019;361(2):439-455. [6]
Dominici M, Le Blanc K, Mueller I, et al. Minimal criteria for
defining multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells. The
International Society for Cellular Therapy position statement.
Cytotherapy. 2006;8(4):315-317. [7] Yasui T, Mabuchi Y,
Toriumi H, et al. Purified Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Promote
Osteogenic Regeneration. J Dent Res. 2019;95(2):206-214. [8]
Sakai K, Yamamoto A, Matsubara K, et al. Human dental
pulp-derived stem cells promote locomotor recovery after
complete transection of the rat spinal cord by multiple
neuro-regenerative mechanisms. J Clin Invest.
2019;122(1):80-90. [9] Huang GT, Yamaza T, Shea LD, et al. ---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------
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Stem/progenitor cell-mediated de novo regeneration of dental
pulp with newly deposited continuous layer of dentin in an in
vivo model. Tissue Eng Part A. 2010;16(2):605-615. [10]
d’Aquino R, De Rosa A, Lanza V, et al. Human mandible bone
defect repair by the grafting of dental pulp stem/progenitor
cells and collagen sponge biocomplexes. Eur Cell Mater.
2009;18:75-83. [11] Mnard C, Tarte K. Immunoregulatory
properties of clinical grade mesenchymal stromal cells:
evidence, uncertainties, and clinical application. Stem Cell
Res Ther. 2019;4(3):64. [12] Hilkens P, Gervois P, Fanton Y,
et al. Effect of isolation methodology on stem cell properties
and multilineage differentiation potential of human dental
pulp stem cells. Cell Tissue Res. 2019;353(1):65-78. [13]
Eubanks EJ, Tarle SA, Kaigler D. Tooth storage, dental pulp stem
cell isolation, and clinical scale expansion without animal
serum. J Endod. 2019;40(5):652-657. [14] Shah FS, Wu X,
Dietrich M, et al. A non-enzymatic method for isolating human
adipose tissue-derived stromal stem cells. Cytotherapy.
2019;15(8):979-985. [15] Busser H, De Bruyn C, Urbain F, et al.
Isolation of adipose-derived stromal cells without enzymatic
treatment: expansion, phenotypical, and functional