16 WEST CHINA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2O07,Vo1.22,No.1 CN 51—1356/R [文章编号]1002—0179(2007)0l一0016—02 超声诊断乳腺癌的漏诊和误诊分析 Analysis of Missed Diagnosis and Misdiagnosis wiⅡl Ultrasonography in Breast Cancer 马步云,彭玉兰,罗燕,林玲,文晓蓉,邱逦,卢强,周琛云 MA Bu—yun,PENG Yu—lan,LUO Yan,et a1. (四川大学华西医院超声科,四川成都610041) (Departme ̄ofUhrasonography,West China Hospital,S ̄huan ,Chengdu 610041。China)
摘要:目的:探讨超声诊断乳腺癌的漏诊和误诊原因,以提高超声诊断乳腺癌的准确性。材料和方法:将 582例乳腺癌患者的超声、临床和病理资料进行分析,对超声漏诊和误诊原因进行归纳和总结。结果:超声检查 的发现病变562例(96.56%)。漏诊20例(3.44%),其中导管内癌10例,浸润性导管癌6例,浸润性小叶癌3 例,脚t病1例。误诊26例(4.47%),其中误诊为纤维腺瘤l4例,囊性增生9例,导管内乳头状瘤2例,叶状 肿瘤l例。结论:超声诊断乳腺癌具有较高的准确性,掌握正确的检查方法、合理的调节仪器和分析声像图.有 助于减少漏诊和误诊的发生。 关键词:超声检查;乳腺癌;漏诊;误诊 [中圈分类号]R445.1;R737.9 [文献标志码]A
Abstract:Objective:To investigate the ea90ns ofmissed diagnosis and misdiagnosis and to increasl the accuracy rate from uhmsonography in breast callcer.Methods:1he data of 582 cases were analyzed including ul ̄asonography。clinical and patholo— gy.1he l ̄asons of missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis were summed up and summarized.Results:,l1le lesions of 562 cases were discovered by ultrasonography(96.56%). Cases of missed diagnosis were 20(3.4%)。including 10 intraducud carcino. IYlas。6 infitrating duct ̄carcinoma,3 infitrating ductal carcinoma and l Paget’s disease.nIe cat.s of misdiagnosis were 26 (4.47%)。including 14 fibreadenoma。9 cystic hypeq)lasia。2 intraductal papilloma and l phyllodes tumor.Collusions: 111e diagnosis of breast cantor with ultrasonography was quite accurate.Ifthe method was correctly handled appropriate adjust ment of the instruments and analyze ultrasonngrams reasonably.,I11e chance of missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis could be reduced. Key words:Ultrasonography;Breast canccrl Missed diagnosis;Misdiagnosis
(Received date:2O06—05—18)
作者简介:马步云(1972一),男,重 庆人,主治医师。医学硕士。
M应用该方法检测了与乳腺癌微转移相 关的多种基因的改变,认为应用该技术 检测的mam、PII)、CK19、mamB、mucl and CEA可作为乳腺癌微转移的参考指 标_8J。Van derAuwera I应用该技术证实 肿瘤血管生成与乳腺癌浸润转移密切相 关l9 J。本研究采用绝对定量方法进行乳 腺组织VEGF mR_NA定量分析,结果显 示,乳腺癌组织中VEGF mRNA表达水 平明显高于癌旁正常组织和良性病组 织,有统计学显著意义(P<0.001), 而癌旁正常组织和良性病组织比较则无 差异。 vEGF转录水平显著升高,提示肿 瘤细胞可能合成或分泌更多的VEGF蛋 白,但由于基因转录翻译过程会受到多 种因素的影响,基因转录水平和组织蛋 白水平可能会出现不一致性,既往有研 究者的实验曾得出阴性结论,分析发现 这些研究者多采用人为染色强度等级判 断的方法进行蛋白水平比较分析,难以 区分染色程度接近切片之间的表达强 弱,而彩色病理分析系统从一定程度上 解决了这个问题,增强了敏感性。本实 验采用该方法进行半定量分析结果显 示,VEGF蛋白表达水平在癌组织,癌 旁正常组织和良性病组中的分布特点与 VEGF mRNA表达完全一致,并呈正相 关关系,提示VEGF与乳腺癌的发生和 生长密切相关系,在良恶性疾病的鉴别 中具有重要意义,从而验证了Kraft A 的观点[1 0l。 综上,本研究建立的用于检测人乳 腺癌VEGF mRNA的表达的实时荧光定 量RT—PCR方法,是一种快速有效、 灵敏度高、特异性好的定量检测方法, 与免疫组化LSAB方法检测的VEGF蛋 白表达具有良好相关性,在乳腺癌的早 期诊断和良恶性鉴别诊断中具有重要的 参考价值。
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