单片机实物设计题目: 单片机音乐盒设计班级： K0312416-17姓名：湛俊朱斌杨裕庆学号：K031241705 K031241632 K031241737摘要本设计是一个基于STC89C51RC系列单片机的音乐盒，依据单片机技术原理，通过硬件电路制作以及软件编译，设计制作出一个多功能多功能音乐盒。

该音乐盒主要由按键电路、复位电路、时钟电路以及蜂鸣器组成。

本音乐盒共有四首歌曲，用4个按键控制。

播放歌曲时，蜂鸣器发出某个音调。

本设计利用KEIL编程软件对音乐盒源程序进行编程并调试，配合PROTEUS 仿真软件对硬件进行仿真调试，节约了设计时间。

【关键词】STC89C51RC 按键蜂鸣器 LCD1602液晶目录前言 ................................................................................................................................. 第一章工作原理 ..............................................................................................................1.1设计目标 ...............................................................................................................第二章软件设计与分析...................................................................................................2.1 软件设计的组成...................................................................................................2.2 各部分软件分析 .................................................................................................2.2.1 延时165MS,即十六分音符子函数 ..........................................................2.2.2 延时1MS子函数......................................................................................2.2.3 定时器0中断子函数 ..............................................................................2.2.4 播放音乐子函数......................................................................................2.5 定时器1中断子函数..................................................................................2.6 按键扫描子函数 .........................................................................................2.2.7 主函数.....................................................................................................2.3 总源程序 ............................................................................................................ 第三章软件仿真 ..............................................................................................................3.仿真图......................................................................................................................3.1 元件清单 ............................................................................................................... 总结 ..................................................................................................................................... 参考文献..............................................................................................................................第一章工作原理1.1设计目标1.1.1基本功能具体要求是：以单片机为核心，设计一个数字音乐盒：利用I/O口产生一定频率的方波，驱动蜂鸣器，发出不同的音调，从而演奏乐曲（最少3首乐曲，每首不少于30s）。

采用LCD显示信息。

a. 开机时有英文欢迎提示字符，播放时显示歌曲序号（或名称）。

b. 可通过功能键选择乐曲、暂停、播放。

第二章软件设计与分析2.1 软件设计的组成该系统由延时165MS,即十六分音符子函数、延时1MS子函数、按键扫描子函数、播放音乐子函数、定时器1中断子函数、定时器0中断子函数、主函数和数据定义这几部分组成。

2.2 各部分软件分析2.2.1 延时165MS,即十六分音符子函数//延时165MS,即十六分音符子函数void delay1(uint z){uint x,y;for(x=z;x>0;x--)for(y=19000;y>0;y--);}2.2.2 延时1MS子函数//延时1MS子函数void delay2(uint z){uint x,y;for(x=z;x>0;x--)for(y=110;y>0;y--);2.2.3 定时器0中断子函数//定时器0中断子函数void t0() interrupt 1 //用于产生各种音调{TH0=a;TL0=b;BEEP=~BEEP;}2.2.4 播放音乐子函数//播放音乐子函数void song(){uint temp;uchar aa;//aa是简谱c=0;while(1){if(count2==0){break;}if(count2==1) //选曲temp=table1[c];if(count2==2)temp=table2[c];if(count2==3)temp=table3[c];if(count2==4)temp=table4[c];if(temp==0xff)break;aa=temp/16; //取数的高4位if(aa!=0){a=cuzhi[aa*2];b=cuzhi[aa*2+1];}else{TR1=0;BEEP=1;//关蜂鸣器}delay1(temp%16); //取数的低4位TR1=0; //唱完一个音停10MSBEEP=1;delay2(10);TR1=1;c++;}TR1=0;BEEP=1;}2.2.5 定时器1中断子函数//定时器1中断子函数void t1() interrupt 3 //用于产生各种音调{key();}2.2.6 按键扫描子函数void key(){if(k3==0){delay2(10);if(k3==0){num1++;if(num1==1){TR1=0;aa=count2;count2=0;}if(num1==2){num1=0;count2=aa;TR1=1;}while(!k3);}}if(k4==0){delay2(10);if(k4==0){TR1=0;count2=0;c=0;write_com(0x01);//清屏write_com(0x80+0);write_date('W');write_com(0x80+1);write_date('e');write_com(0x80+2);write_date('l');write_com(0x80+3);write_date('c');write_com(0x80+4);write_date('o');write_com(0x80+5);write_date('m');write_com(0x80+6);write_date('e');write_com(0x80+7);write_date(' ');write_com(0x80+8);write_date('t');write_com(0x80+9);write_date('o');write_com(0x80+10);write_date(' ');write_com(0x80+11);write_date('u');write_com(0x80+12);2.2.7 主函数//主函数void main(){TMOD=0x10;//定时器0工作在方式1TH1=0;TL1=0;ET1=1;EA=1;//开总中断EX1=1;//开外部中断1IT1=1;//下降沿时触发中断EX0=1;//开外部中断0IT0=1;//下降沿时触发中断count2=0;//唱第一首歌LCD1602_init();while(1)//大循环{song();}}2.3 总源程序#include<reg51.h>//51单片机头文件typedef unsigned char uchar;typedef unsigned int uint;sbit RS=P2^7;//LCD1602数据/命令选择端(H/L) sbit RW=P2^6;//LCD1602读/写选择端(H/L) sbit E=P2^5;//LCD1602使能信号端sbit BEEP=P2^0;//蜂鸣器接口sbit k1=P3^2;//下一首sbit k2=P3^3;//上一首sbit k3=P2^1;//播放/暂停sbit k4=P2^2;//复位char count2;//歌曲标志uchar a,b,c,aa,num;uchar num1,num2;//---------------------------简谱---------------------------------------//编程规则:字节高位是简谱,低位是持续时间,//代表多少个十六分音符//1-7代表中央C调,8-E代表高八度,0代表停顿//最后的0是结束标志uchar code table1[]={ //千年之恋0x12,0x22,0x34,0x84,0x74,0x54,0x38,0x42,0x32,0x22,0x42,0x34,0x84,0x72,0x82,0x 94,0xA8,0x08,//前奏0x32,0x31,0x21,0x32,0x52,0x32,0x31,0x21,0x32,0x62,//竹林的灯火到过的沙漠0x32,0x31,0x21,0x32,0x82,0x71,0x81,0x71,0x51,0x32,0x22,//七色的国度不断飘逸风中0x32,0x31,0x21,0x32,0x52,0x32,0x31,0x21,0x32,0x62,//有一种神秘灰色的旋涡0x32,0x31,0x21,0x32,0x83,0x82,0x71,0x72,0x02,//将我卷入了迷雾中0x63,0xA1,0xA2,0x62,0x92,0x82,0x52,//看不清的双手0x31,0x51,0x63,0x51,0x63,0x51,0x63,0x51,0x62,0x82,0x7C,0x02,//一朵花传来谁经过的温柔0x61,0x71,0x82,0x71,0x62,0xA2,0x71,0x76,//穿越千年的伤痛0x61,0x71,0x82,0x71,0x62,0x52,0x31,0x36,//只为求一个结果0x61,0x71,0x82,0x71,0x62,0xA3,0x73,0x62,0x53,//你留下的轮廓指引我0x42,0x63,0x83,0x83,0x91,0x91,//黑夜中不寂寞0x61,0x71,0x82,0x71,0x62,0x0A2,0x71,0x76,//穿越千年的哀愁0x61,0x71,0x82,0x71,0x62,0x52,0x31,0x36,//是你在尽头等我0x61,0x71,0x82,0x71,0x62,0xA3,0x73,0x62,0x53,//最美丽的感动会值得0x42,0x82,0x88,0x02,0x74,0x93,0x89,0xff//结束标?//睾?};uchar code table2[]={ //寂寞沙洲冷0x12,0x12,0x22,0x32,0x31,0x22,0x21,0x22,//自你走后心憔悴0x21,0x31,0x51,0x52,0x31,0x52,0x61,0x15,0x14,//白色油桐风中纷飞0x51,0x52,0x31,0x52,0x62,0x13,0x11,0x13,0x32,0x28,0x08,0x28,//落花似人有情这个季节0x31,0x32,0x31,0x32,0x11,0x21,0x51,0x52,0x51,0x52,//河畔的风放肆拼命地吹0x51,0x51,0x31,0x32,0x31,0x32,0x81,0x72,0x63,//不断拨弄离人的眼泪0x62,0x71,0x81,0x72,0x61,0x61,0x52,0x31,0x21,0x32,0x51,0x54,//那样浓烈的爱再也无法给0x22,0x12,0x11,0x12,0x11,0x12,0x12,0x14,0x26,0x32,0x26,//伤感一夜一夜0x32,0x61,0x51,0x51,0x31,0x31,0x21,0x31,0x51,0x61,0x51,0x31,0x51,//当记忆的线缠绕过往支离破碎0x02,0x32,0x81,0x81,0x81,0x81,0x62,0x52,0x34,//是慌乱占据了心扉0x31,0x81,0x81,0x81,0x61,0x91,0x82,//有花儿伴着蝴蝶0x51,0x51,0x51,0x51,0x31,0x61,0x53,//孤雁可以双飞0x21,0x11,0x21,0x11,0x22,0x11,0x21,0x26,//夜深人静独徘徊0x32,0x61,0x51,0x51,0x31,0x31,0x21,0x31,0x51,0x61,0x51,0x31,0x51,0x52,//当幸福恋人寄来红色分享喜悦0x31,0x31,0x81,0x81,0x81,0x61,0x91,0x81,0x61,0x31,0x56,//闭上双眼难过头也不敢回0x32,0x32,0x81,0x81,0x81,0x81,0x91,0x81,0x61,0x81,0x61,0x51,0x31,0x51,0x34,//仍然捡尽寒枝不肯安歇微带着后悔0x21,0x31,0x51,0x31,0x21,0x11,0x61,0x21,0x16,//寂寞沙洲我该思念谁0xff};uchar code table3[]={0x26,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x26,0x10,0x20,0x10,0x20,0x80,0x26,0x20,0x30,0x 20,0x30,0x20,0x39,0x10,0x30,0x10,0x30,0x80,0x26,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x1c,0x 20,0x20,0x80,0x2b,0x20,0x26,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x2b,0x10,0x26,0x10,0x2b,0x80,0x26,0x 20,0x30,0x20,0x30,0x20,0x39,0x10,0x26,0x10,0x26,0x60,0x40,0x10,0x39,0x10,0x26,0x 20,0x30,0x20,0x30,0x20,0x39,0x10,0x26,0x10,0x26,0x80,0x26,0x20,0x2b,0x10,0x2b,0x10,0x2b,0x20,0x30,0x10,0x39,0x10,0x26,0x10,0x2b,0x10,0x2b,0x20,0x2b,0x40,0x40,0x 20,0x20,0x10,0x20,0x10,0x2b,0x10,0x26,0x30,0x30,0x80,0x18,0x20,0x18,0x20,0x26,0x 20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x40,0x26,0x20,0x2b,0x20,0x30,0x20,0x30,0x20,0x1c,0x20,0x20,0x 20,0x20,0x80,0x1c,0x20,0x1c,0x20,0x1c,0x20,0x30,0x20,0x30,0x60,0x39,0x10,0x30,0x 10,0x20,0x20,0x2b,0x10,0x26,0x10,0x2b,0x10,0x26,0x10,0x26,0x10,0x2b,0x10,0x2b,0x 80,0x18,0x20,0x18,0x20,0x26,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x60,0x26,0x10,0x2b,0x20,0x30,0x 20,0x30,0x20,0x1c,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x80,0x26,0x20,0x30,0x10,0x30,0x10,0x30,0x 20,0x39,0x20,0x26,0x10,0x2b,0x10,0x2b,0x20,0x2b,0x40,0x40,0x10,0x40,0x10,0x20,0x 10,0x20,0x10,0x2b,0x10,0x26,0x30,0x30,0x80,0xff,};uchar code table4[]={0x30,0x1C,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x1C,0x10,0x18,0x10,0x20,0x10,0x1C,0x10,0x18,0x40,0 x1C,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x1C,0x20,0x18,0x20,0x20,0x80,0xFF,0x20,0x30,0x1C,0x10,0x18,0 x20,0x15,0x20,0x1C,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x26,0x40,0x20,0x20,0x2B,0x20,0x26,0x20,0x20,0 x20,0x30,0x80,0xFF,0x20,0x20,0x1C,0x10,0x18,0x10,0x20,0x20,0x26,0x20,0x2B,0x20,0 x30,0x20,0x2B,0x40,0x20,0x20,0x1C,0x10,0x18,0x10,0x20,0x20,0x26,0x20,0x2B,0x20,0 x30,0x20,0x2B,0x40,0x20,0x30,0x1C,0x10,0x18,0x20,0x15,0x20,0x1C,0x20,0x20,0x20,0 x26,0x40,0x20,0x20,0x2B,0x20,0x26,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x30,0x80,0x20,0x30,0x1C,0x10,0 x20,0x10,0x1C,0x10,0x20,0x20,0x26,0x20,0x2B,0x20,0x30,0x20,0x2B,0x40,0x20,0x15,0 x1F,0x05,0x20,0x10,0x1C,0x10,0x20,0x20,0x26,0x20,0x2B,0x20,0x30,0x20,0x2B,0x40,0 x20,0x30,0x1C,0x10,0x18,0x20,0x15,0x20,0x1C,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x26,0x40,0x20,0x20,0 x2B,0x20,0x26,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x30,0x30,0x20,0x30,0x1C,0x10,0x18,0x40,0x1C,0x20,0 x20,0x20,0x26,0x40,0x13,0x60,0x18,0x20,0x15,0x40,0x13,0x40,0x18,0x80,0xff,};//简谱音调对应的定时器初值//适合12的晶振uchar code cuzhi[]={0xff,0xff,//占位0xFC,0x8E,//中央C调1-70xFC,0xED,0xFD,0x43,0xFD,0x6A,0xFD,0xB3,0xFD,0xF3,0xFE,0x2D,0xFE,0x47, //高八度1-70xFE,0x76,0xFE,0xA1,0xFE,0xC7,0xFE,0xD9,0xFE,0xF9,0xFF,0x16};uchar code yinyue[]={0xff,0xfe,0xfd,0xfb,0xf7,0xef,0xdf,0xbf,0x7f,0x00,0x00}; //将音调转化为对应的LED样式//延时165MS,即十六分音符子函数void delay1(uint z){uint x,y;for(x=z;x>0;x--)for(y=19000;y>0;y--);}//延时1MS子函数void delay2(uint z){uint x,y;for(x=z;x>0;x--)for(y=110;y>0;y--);}//LCD1602液晶写命令子函数void write_com(uchar com){RS=0; //选择写指令RW=0;E=0;P0=com;E=1;delay2(5); //无延时不能正常工作 E=0;}//LCD1602液晶写数据子函数void write_date(uchar date){RS=1; //选择写数据RW=0;E=0;P0=date;E=1;delay2(5); //无延时不能正常工作 E=0;}//LCD1602液晶初始化子函数void LCD1602_init() //初始化{delay2(15);//主函数void main(){TMOD=0x11;//定时器0工作在方式1TH1=0;TL1=0;ET1=1;TH0=0;TL0=0;ET0=1;TR0=1;EA=1;//开总中断EX1=1;//开外部中断1IT1=1;//下降沿时触发中断EX0=1;//开外部中断0IT0=1;//下降沿时触发中断count2=0;//唱第一首歌LCD1602_init();while(1)//大循环{song();}}//定时器0中断子函数void t0() interrupt 1{num2++;if(num2==5){num2=0;key();}}//定时器1中断子函数void t1() interrupt 3 //用于产生各种音调{TH1=a;TL1=b;BEEP=~BEEP;}void wb0() interrupt 0{TR1=0;if(k1==0){delay2(10);if(k1==0){count2++;c=0;//从头开始唱if(count2==1){write_com(0x01);delay2(10);write_com(0x80+0);write_date(' ');write_com(0x80+1);write_date(' ');write_com(0x80+2);write_date(' ');write_com(0x80+3);write_com(0xc0+8);write_date(' ');write_com(0xc0+9);write_date('f');write_com(0xc0+10);write_date('l');write_com(0xc0+11);write_date('o');write_com(0xc0+12);write_date('w');write_com(0xc0+13);write_date('e');write_com(0xc0+14);write_date('r');write_com(0xc0+15);write_date('s');}if(count2>4){count2=1;c=0;//从头开始唱TR1=1;}while(!k1);}}}void wb1() interrupt 2{TR1=0;if(k2==0){delay2(10);if(k2==0){count2--;c=0;//从头开始唱if(count2==1)}if(count2<=0){count2=4;c=0;//从头开始唱TR1=1;}while(!k2);}}}3仿真图3.1原理图3.2 元件清单总结这次设计进一步端了我的学习态度，学会了实事求是，严谨的作风，对自己要严格要求，不能够一知半解，要力求明明白白。