专业英语讲义 教材：电气信息类专业英语 适用专业：电 气工 主讲教师: 主讲内容 第1章 专业英语的文体特点（1学时） 第2章 专业英语翻译（1学时） 第3章 专业英语文献及其检索和阅读（1学时） 第4章 专业英语论文组织和写作（1学时） 第5章 专业英语阅读材料（20学时）
一 参考教材 1电气工程及其自动化专业英语 戴文进主编者电子工业出版社
2 电气自动化专业英语 李久胜主编•哈尔滨工业大学出版社
3 科技英语 保清主编•中国农业机械出版社.1 9 8 6 Chapter one Literary Feature of Specialized English 1.1 Introduction 1 Purpose:
To study specialized English aims at training students'comprehension and application ablity to specialized English, and letting them to grasp some requisite specialized terms for speciality reading.basic skill and knowledges. thereby they can acquire the newest specialized knowledge(expertise) for science and technology. information data and other information relative to speciality by means of English, and positively take part in international interflow course of science and technology.
2 The definition of specialized English
[1] :I n general speaking, English can be divided into two classes,oneis common English or general English or ordinary English and English for science and technology,the other Specialized English or English for special [2] The relation of English for science and technology and specialized English
1.2 lexical characteristic As the developing of English,old vocabularies eliminate gradually while new ones spring up constantly.
1.2.1 lexical classification 1 special technical word such as diode,substation. 2 special sub-technical words special sub-technical words are words used in common by many specialities and subjects while they have different meanings/connotations in different specialities and subjects such as power, condenser. 3 non-technical wordsused in common English. 1.2.2 lexical constitution 1 composition Such as: horsepower, push-pull, power utilization (noun+noun) Ice-cold, feedback, power-driven, time-varying, nw-type, dark-blue, red —ot, fin e-look in g, ready-made, clear-cut small-sized, above-mentioned, far-reaching,overhead, pick-me-up, out-of -door 2 conversion 3 derivation 4 shortening [1] clipped words Such as ad(advertisement), fig(figure), exam(examination), lab(laboratory) Math(mathematics), plane(airplane) [2] acronymssuch as: laser-light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation Radar-radio detecting and ranging, modem-modulator demodulator COMSAT,CMOS,MOSFET.RAM,ROM SPICE(Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis) TOEFL -Test of English as a Foreign Language [3] initials Such as:AC, DC, CD, VLSIC,EDA, CB, PCB.RMS HVDC [4] abbreviation Such as:Appx, Fig. Amp. [5] blending Such as:motel-motorist hotel, positron-positive electron. [6] letter symbolizing Such as:X-ray, U-shaped magnet, H-frame structure, Y-connection [7] name naming Such as:Ohm's law 1.3 语法特点 汉语的语法准则是达意 ,强调意合,语法特点注重“时间顺序 ”英语的语法准 则是完形 ,强调形合 ,语法特点注重“空间顺序 ”,以谓语动词为核心，用各种形式 的短语或从句构筑句子框架，讲究空间层次。 Specialized English must have characteristics of objectivity,accuracy and conciseness.
1 广泛地使用被动语态
Such as:Other characteristic,such as frequency,wave shape,andphase balance are seldom recognized by the comsumers but are given constant attention by electric power utility engineers.
所有及物动词都可用于被动语态中，某些不及物动词与介词构成动词短语 后也可用于被动语态中。
2 广泛地使用非谓语动词
Purpose:conciseness [1] 动名词 :用动名词短语来取代时间从句或简化时间陈述句 . Such as:When it is forward biased(when being forward biased),the diode begins to conduct with only a small forward voltage across it. [2] 分词 such as: A three-phase circuit ,as ( it was ) pointed out above, is merely a combination of three single circuits. The transistor (which is )working with correct polarities can work as an amplifier.
[3] 不定式 :表目的和功能等从句可用不定式短语来代替．
The function of a fuse is to protect a circuit.
3 省略句使用多
常见有以下四种句子成份的省略： [1 ]出现在并列复合句中的省略 ,后面分句与前面分句相同的部分可省略 . Such as:The earth attracts the moon and the moon the earth. [2] 某些状语从句中的省略 . Such as :If (it is)possible,the open-loop control approach should be used in this system.
常用的省略形式的 : As already discussed,asexplained before, as indicated (shown)in fig.1, as previously mentioned, if so ,when needed, where feasible, where possible. [3] 共用介宾的省略
It is necessary to find out the current through and the voltage across this R. [4] 由he nee (or thus引出的句子可省去谓语动词. Such as:Transistor in the figure has its semiconductor materials arranged p-n-p,henee the name pnp transistor.
4 it 句型和祈使句使用多
It is very important(possible,natural,inevitable--- It is elear(obvious)---
5 复杂长句多
No so mueh limitation is plaeed on AC motor;here the only requirement is relative motion,and sinee a stationary armature and rotating field system have numerous advantages,this arrangement is a standard praetiee for all synehronous motor rated above a few kilovolt-amperes.