英国:英国人会保养,早上睁眼就先喝“被窝茶”。
以茶冲去睡意后,麦片、牛奶、果汁、黄油点心、三明治、煮鸡蛋等都要逐一享用。
他们的午餐、晚餐一般为两菜一汤,牛肉、羊肉、鸡鸭、鱼等搭配使用,外加点心、水果和咖啡。
他们对一日三餐并不要求质量,即清淡、鲜嫩、焦香、不辣。
而且各种调味一应俱全,自由挑选以适合自己的口味。
除一日三餐外,英国人还十分讲究“午后茶”。
公私机关每天下午4点半免费供应红茶,另加白糖、牛奶或少许点心。
在上层社会,邀请朋友饮茶次于设宴,也是一种重要的社交方式。
法国:从17世纪起,所谓西餐一般都指的是法国菜。
法国人喜欢吃肥嫩的猪、牛、羊肉和各种香肠、虾、钱、蛋、禽、牡蛎、蜗牛以及新鲜蔬菜。
烹调中喜欢用大蒜、香草、蕃茄、丁香等为配料,花色品种繁多,他们和英国人一样爱喝清汤。
法国是名酒白兰地、香槟的故乡,他们喝酒很讲究,一般吃肉类和家禽用舍利酒、麦台酒;吃野味用红酒;吃海味则饮白兰地;喝汤时配葡萄酒;吃各种水果和点心大都用甜酒。
德国:德国人用餐大概最符合营养学家关于“早吃好,午吃饱,晚吃少”的建议。
他们一向对早餐、午餐较重视,晚餐较简单。
像其他欧洲国家一样,喜欢吃猪肉、牛肉、鸡鸭和野味,以及蛋糕、甜心和各种水果,尤其爱喝啤酒。
慕尼黑是世界闻名的“啤酒城”。
然而德国人不大爱吃鱼、虾及海味,而且有一种吃鱼时不说话的风俗。
他们不喜欢过于肥腻、辛辣的食品,更忌食核桃。
德国人在吃晚餐时喜欢关掉电灯,只点几根小蜡烛。
意大利:意大利饮食的主要特点是以各种面食类,如葱卷、馄饨、通心粉、炒饭等到作为菜,而不当主食食用。
吃著名的意大利通心粉时,千万不要用餐刀把通心粉割成小段食用,也不要用匙把粉送入口中。
最好的方法是用叉子把通心粉卷成团再吃。
此外,值得一提的是意大利有一种很有名气的面食—比萨饼,是用发酵的白面烤成的,上面带馅,其在意大利普遍的程度,就好像油条、麻花在中国一样。
美国:由于历史原因,美国和英国的饮食习惯接近而且美国人也是很讲求质量,不求数量。
美国人一般不在厨房中用调料,而像英国人一样把各种调料放在餐桌上请君自便。
美国人也很讲究味道,要清淡不腻,咸中有甜。
蒜及酸辣食品一概不食,更不吃肥肉、清蒸和红烧食品,忌食动物内脏。
除此之外,美国人爱喝矿泉水、可口可乐、啤酒等饮料。
而威士忌、白兰地等酒类平时则当茶喝。
美国人十分讲求时间和效率,快餐业十分兴盛,最受欢迎的食品是“热狗”、汉堡和炸面包圈等。
俄罗斯:俄罗斯主食一般以面食为主,喜欢吃鱼、蛋、鸡、虾、猪肉、牛肉、以及土豆、黄瓜、萝卜、洋葱等蔬菜。
喜欢吃酸味食品,例如酸奶、酸黄瓜,喜欢焖、煮、烩、炸、烤制食品。
俄罗斯人还喜欢吃鱼肉、各种肉末、鸡蛋和蔬菜制成的包子,特别喜欢吃鲱鱼、鲑鱼、鳟鱼、烟熏过的咸鲤鱼等制成品及部分海味。
但肉类、家禽等到菜肴和各种肉饼,要烧得很熟才吃。
俄罗斯人口重,食物一般都咸且油腻。
俄罗斯人很重视早、中餐,晚餐较简单。
午餐要有汤,晚餐则不必。
但午、晚餐都少不了冷盘,俄罗斯人酒量都很大,爱饮烈性酒,伏特加是其最爱饮用的烈性酒之一。
日本:当今日本的饮食方式有3种:传统饭菜(又称和食)、中国饭菜(又称中华料理)和西餐(又称洋食)。
早餐喜欢喝粥、牛奶、再配上面包。
午餐和晚餐主食则为米饭。
喜欢吃瘦猪肉、牛肉、羊肉、鸡、蛋、笋、豆腐和各种新鲜蔬菜。
日本人对鱼、虾、蟹、蛎、海带等海味都格外青睐,尤其是生蛎肉、生鱼片。
日本人饭桌上有两样菜是餐餐必备的,一是泡菜,二是大酱汤。
在用餐中,日本人对筷子的用法很讲究,有“忌八筷”之说,忌舔筷、忌移筷、忌插筷、忌掏筷、忌跨筷、忌别筷。
在同日本客人进餐时,要用公用筷子给大家夹菜,切忌将筷子垂直插在饭菜中。
日本人一般饭前要喝杯清茶,并十分重视茶道、茶礼,且仪式十分繁琐,精于茶道被认为是身份、修养的绝好表现。
泰国:泰国人早餐喜欢猪油糕、甜面包、水饺、沙丁鱼、汤面、西式点心、牛奶或咖啡。
日常生活中以米为主食,爱吃鱼类,但不吃海参。
喜欢喝葡萄酒、桔子汁。
新加波:新加波多华人,因而口味与我国闽、粤一带相似。
以米饭、包子为主食。
爱吃炒肉片、炒虾仁、油炸鱼等。
伊斯兰教国家:其饮食习俗基本相同,但这种饮食习俗与伊斯兰教规有关。
在《古兰经》中明文规定,凡是死物、血、猪肉以及非诵“安拉”之名宰杀的牲畜、禽类等4类为禁食物。
除不食荤外,穆斯林国家左手被视为“不洁”的,因而吃饭时忌讳用左手。
给客人端水、递茶也绝对不能用左手,否则会被认为是对客人的污辱。
非洲一些黑人国家的饮食习俗和他们原来的宗主国十分相似。
他们很喜欢西欧菜式,爱吃龙虾、牛肉、猪肉、鱼、鸡、蛋、花生等;爱喝咖啡和可可,口味较清淡。
特别值得一提的是,一些黑人有吃毛毛虫的习惯。
在非洲一些国家还有饮生水、吃生肉的习俗,较典型的是埃塞俄比亚,每逢节日或婚丧嫁娶,他们都要举办生肉宴。
对于非洲人饮食中这些习俗,我们可以不参与,但不要流露出不尊重、看不惯的表情。
English: the British people will maintain, morning before drink "goggle bed tea". Rushed to tea, oatmeal, drowsiness milk, fruit juice, butter cookies, sandwiches, boiled eggs, are one. Their lunch and dinner for two general dish one soup, beef, lamb, chicken, duck, fish and other collocation is used, plus dessert, fruit and coffee. Their meals is not required, delicate and tender quality, malt, not hot. And all kinds of flavor, free pick hris in suits own taste. Except for meals, British people are very exquisite "afternoon tea". At 4:00 PM every public authority and other supplies free tea with sugar and milk or a snack. In the upper class society, invite friends tea after feasting, also is a kind of important social mode.France: from the 17th century, the so-called food generally refers to the French cuisine. French people like to eat the fat pork, beef, mutton and all kinds of sausage, shrimp, money, eggs, birds, oysters, snails and fresh vegetables. Cook in with garlic, vanilla, like tomatoes, such as clove, various varieties, ingredients and British people love their drink clear soup. France is famous brandy, champagne, they drink the home is very exquisite, eat meat and poultry, wine with shariputra, Taiwan wine, Eat meat with red wine, Eat seafood is drinking brandy, When you drink soup with wine, Eat a variety of fruits and snacks with liqueur.Germany: probably the most germans dining with nutritionist about "good afternoon, eat, eat less satiate later" proposal. They always for breakfast, lunch, dinner is more attention. Like other European countries, like pork, beef, chicken, ducks and meat, sweet cakes, and various fruit, especially love and drink beer. Munich is world famous "beer city". But the germans not love to eat fish, shrimp and seafood, a nd there is a kind of fish don't speak customs. They do not like too fat greasy, hot food, more diet walnut. In Germany, people eat dinner like turn off the lights, only a few small root candles.Italy: the main characteristics of Italian food in various pasta, such as Onions, wonton, spaghetti, Fried rice dishes, but not until as staple food. Eat famous pasta meal, don't cut into small sections polishing.in the macaroni, nor the powder into a spoon. Best method is to use a fork to eat macaroni roll clouds again. In addition, there is a kind of Italy is famous pasta, pizza - is fermented flour baked with filling, and the degree of common in Italy, like twisted dough-strips, serratula in China.America: because of historical reasons, the United States and Britain and American diet is very close to the quality, not quantity." Americans usually used in the kitchen, but like the Englishman seasoning the various spices on table please jun yourself. Americans are very exquisite taste, not greasy, light sweet salty. Garlic and hot food, no more not eat fat food, food, diet, steamed and broiled animal innards. Besides that, americans love to drink Coca Cola, mineral water, beer, etc. And whisky, brandy and other wines at ordinary times when tea to drink. America is about time and efficiency, food is very flourishing, the most popular food is "hot dog", Hamburg and doughnut, etc.。