一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解The mayor of Flint offered Miss Michigan Emily Sioma high praise on Tuesday for speaking out at this weekend's Miss America conference about the city's water crisis."I was really excited for her to do that," Mayor Karen Weaver told TMZ. "I think she was very brave because so many times you say who you are and where you're from and just general information. For her to take that opportunity and use her platform and use her voice to speak up about what's going on in Michigan and in Flint, in particular, was just amazing."Emily Sioma, 24, introduced herself on stage on Sunday by saying, "From the state with 84 percent of the U. S. fresh water but none for its residents to drink. I am Miss Michigan Emily Sioma." The brief 'speech was a reference to Flint, a town with lead-filled drinking water.Weaver said Sioma's decision to speak about the Flint water crisis demonstrated her impressive character. "I applaud her for being a brave young woman. And it also shows you that she's not a selfish person," Weaver said. "She could have talked only about herself, but she chose to use this opportunity to bring attention to, and keep attention on, what's going on in Flint, what's going on with water quality standards what's going on with this broken infrastructure(基础设施) that we have across the country. "Ratings showed that 4. 3 million viewers watched the ABC program. Although Miss New York Nia Imani Franklin ultimately won the competition, many Twitter users quickly got behind Sioma, who did not make the final 15, after her introduction."Emily Sioma wanted to make an impact," one Twitter user wrote on Sunday. Regardless of whether you agree with what she said or not- she is shining light on a pressing issue that we have in our state and that is still not solved. That is a Miss America."（1）What does the underlined word "water crisis" refer to in Paragraph 1?A.Water transportation.B.Water shortage.C.Water reservation.D.Water quality.（2）How does the mayor find Emily Sioma?A.Curious and cautious.B.Brave and unselfish.C.Proud and admirable.D.Talkative and outgoing.（3）What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 5?A.Summarize the previous paragraphs.B.Introduce the ABC program.C.Emphasize Sioma's influence.D.Add some background information.（4）Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A.The Mayor of FlintB.A Twitter VoiceC.The ABC CompetitionD.A Miss America【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，Sioma在一次会议中大胆地提出了美国大城市用水质量存在的问题，Flint市的市长高度赞扬了她并认为她是一个勇敢且大公无私的人，网上的人们也表达了对此事的看法。
（1）考查词义猜测。
根据第三段中的“From the state with 84 percent of the U. S. fresh water but none for its residents to drink”该州拥有美国84%的淡水，但却没有可供居民饮用的水；和第四段中的“she chose to use this opportunit y to bring attention to, and keep attention on, what's going on in Flint, what's going on with water quality standards”她选择利用这个机会来引起人们的注意，并持续关注Flint正在发生的事情，水质标准正在发生的事情，可推知,Sioma在会议中提出了美国城市面临的水质问题,由此可知,此处画线词water crisis应指美国城市的水质问题，与D项意思相近。
故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。
根据第四段中的“I applaud her for being a brave young woman. And it also shows you that she's not a selfish person.”我为她的勇敢喝彩。
这也表明她不是一个自私的人。
可知,市长认为Emily Sioma是一个勇敢时且大公无私的人。
故选B。
（3）考查推理判断。
通读第五段可知，虽然Sioma没有获得冠军,但是有许多人都支持她。
再结合第六段中的“Emily Sioma wanted to make an impact,” Emily Sioma想要制造影响；以及” one Twitter user wrote on Sunday. Regardless of whether you agree with what she said or not she is shining light on a pressing issue"一名Twitter用户周日写道。
不管你是否同意她所说的，她正在解决一个紧迫的问题）可推知，作者写第五段主要是为了强调Sioma 的影响力。
故选C。
（4）考查主旨大意。
通读全文可知,本文介绍了Sioma大胆地提出了美国大城市用水质量存在的问题, Flint市市长高度赞扬了她。
再根据最后一段中的“she is shining light on a pressing issue that we have in our state and that is still not solved. That, is a Miss America.”她在我们州的一个紧迫问题上发出了希望之光，而这个问题仍然没有得到解决。
这就是美国小姐。
可知，选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
2．阅读理解Water is a necessity of life. Rain, especially, helps plants grow and stay green. But too much rain, especially in cities, can lead to flooding. That can cause waste water systems to overflow and send pollutants into rivers and other waterways. To fight the problem, several cities in the United States are starting programs like rooftop gardens.A team at the University of the District of Columbia in the nation's capital has created a garden on the top of one school building. The garden holds many kinds of plants to help absorb rainwater and grow food at the same time. Architect David Bell has designed five "green roofs" for the university. He says he is excited about the project because "it meant doing something more than just dealing with storm water management. It took advantage of a resource above the city and these flat roofs that aren't doing anything really became something that was about urban agriculture." Rainwater is collected in large containers and sent through a system that waters the rooftop garden. The roof is filled with green life that appeals to insects.In cities, "you don't have that many spaces to choose from and so rooftops are just (unused) space," says Caitlin Arlotta. She is a student in the school's Urban Agriculture program. The project is part of a research program to see which plants do well on rooftops. The researchers are looking at plants including strawberries, tomatoes and sweet potatoes. The university also has other green spaces. "We also have our own farm experiments," Arlotta said. "Within each of those growing systems, we want to be able to tell people which sorts of these crops grow the best."Sandy Farber Bandier helps run UDC's Master Gardener program. It seeks to improve cities and make them beautiful by training people to become Master Gardeners. She says she's been surprised by the garden's output. "My biggest surprise was that we produced 4, 250 pounds of produce the first year and was able to spread that to people in need." She also likes being able to show people who live in D. C. and others beyond the nation's capital what and how food can be grown on a rooftop. "This is the future for food. You grow it here, you prepare it in a commercial kitchen, you distribute through farmers markets, food trucks, and then you recycle."（1）What do we know about the rooftop gardens?A. Rooftop gardens are very common in average neighborhoods.B. There are many sorts of plants there which help take in rainwater.C. They're playing an important role in the city's food supply.D. Rooftop gardens are no more than containers to collect rainwater.（2）What can we infer from Paragraph 3?A. Rooftops can offer enough space to plant crops.B. Many plants like strawberries can grow well on rooftops.C. Some university students are participating in the Urban Agriculture program.D. The plants in rooftop gardens are attractive to many insects.（3）How does Sandy Farber Bandier feel about the future of rooftop gardens?A. Confident.B. Doubtful.C. Worried.D. Ambiguous.（4）What is the best title for the text?A. Rainwater Necessity for Plant LifeB. Green Roofs-The Future of Urban AgricultureC. The United States' Agriculture ProgramD. Rooftop Gardens-Food Paradise【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了美国的几个城市正在启动屋顶花园等项目。