必修一Unit 5 课文内容1.He was the first man to land on the moon in July 1969.本句中，名词man被序数词the first修饰，后面的不定式短语to land on the moon in July 1969为后置定语，修饰the first man.△the first/second ... + 名词+ 不定式当名词前有the first, the second等序数词时，后面常用不定式（短语）做后置定语。

Eg. Tom is the first person to think of the idea.Li Ming was the third to arrive.△序数词、最高级、the last, the only等词或被这些词修饰的名词/代词后，常用不定式作定语。

Eg. He was the best man to do the job.练习：1. 在课堂上，他总是第一个回答问题的学生。

He is always the first student ______________ in class. (answer)2. Mo Yan won the 2012 Nobel Prize for Literature. He is the first Chinese ______ the prize.A. has wonB. to winC. wonD. win2.The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.这是一个主从复合句，定语从句when I first met Nelson Mandela修饰先行词the time，关系词when在句中作时间状语。

△when引导的定语从句⑴when可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导费限制性定语从句，先行词往往是表示时间的名词，如day, time, year, occasion等、⑵when引导定语从句时，相当于“相应的介词in/during/at/on...+which”Eg. I still remember the day when (= on which) I first met Jennifer.Next month, when (= in which) you’ll spend your summer holidays in your hometown, isapproaching.练习：1.I’ve always longed for the days. I should be able to be independent then.→_______________________________________________________2.There are moments. I forget all about it then.→_______________________________________________________3. ... Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence ...句中only then置于句首，句子用的是部分倒装结构。

该句的自然语序为“...we decided to answer violence with violence only then...”△“Only + 状语/状语从句”位于句首引起的倒装句”在英语中，“only + 状语/状语从句”位于句首时，句子/主句要部分倒装，即把句子/主句中的助动词、情态动词或be动词提到主语前面。

Eg. Only then did I find that I got lost in the forest.Only when I reread the novel did I realize that it was well written.△⑴only修饰的状语可以是副词、介词短语，也可以是状语从句，如果only修饰的是状语从句，则主倒从不倒。

Eg. Only when a child grow up can he understand his parents’ intentions.⑵only修饰主语时，不用倒装结构。

Eg. Only you understand me.练习：1. Only when you can find peace in your heart _______ good relationships with others.A. will you keepB. you will keepC. you keptD. did you keep4. You may change the form if necessary.本句为一个复合句，if necessary为省略了主语it和be动词is的条件状语从句△if型省略结构在if引导的条件状语从句中有时可以省略从句中的主语和谓语动词，在这类省略结构中有的已构成固定结构，如：if necessary 如果必要的话，if possible 如果可能的话，if any 即使有（任何）……，if anything 如果有……的话，if anybody (anyone) 如果有（任何）人的话，if ever（即使有……也）极少，if not假如不是这样的话，不然的话，否则。

Eg. If necessary, I can come at once.He will come if (he is) asked.If (it is) possible, I wish to go there next summer.There are few people nowadays, if any, who remember him.I’m not angry. If anything, I feel a little surprised.练习：1. 如果有必要，我会去你家帮你。

___________________________________, I will go to your home to help you.2. 你去我就去。

不然，我宁愿待在家里。

I will go if you are going. _____________________________, I’d rather stay at home.3. 他不会单独去看电影的，即使有也很少。

He seldom, _______________________________, goes to the movies by himself.5.Since I was better educated, I got a job working in an office.△“Since引导的原因状语从句”Since引导原因状语从句时，表示“既然，由于，因为”，相当于now that，从句常放于句首。

Eg. Since you know each other, I won’t introduce.We thought that, since we were in the area, we should stop by and see them.△辨析比较练习：1.Mark needs to learn Chinese ______ his company is opening a branch in Beijing.A. unlessB. untilC. althoughD. since2. 选词填空① Someone must have entered the room, ________ the glass is broken.② ____________ you can’t answer the question, I will ask others.③ ____________ it is raining, you’d better take a taxi.④– Why didn’t you come to the party last night?– ___________ I had a class.6.I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.△the first/second...time作连词名词性短语the first/second... time用作连词时，引导时间状语从句，表示“第一次/第二次……时”。

Eg. I felt very nervous the first time I gave a speech to many students△the first time的易混短语for the first time为介词短语，只能做状语，以为“第一次”。

Eg. For the first time I thought I was wrong.△可引导时间状语从句的还有：⑴the +瞬间名词：the moment/ the minute/ the instant (= as soon as) 一……就……⑵time构成的短语有：every time(每次), each time(每次), next time(下次), any time(任何时候), the last time（最后一次）等。

⑶某些副词，如immediately, directly等也可充当连词，引导时间状语从句，相当于assoon as.Eg. Every time John is late for school, he will make up a new excuse.We’ll set out the moment you’re ready.练习：1.选词填空：①He fell in love with the beautiful girl ____________________ he saw her.②He was late for class ____________________.2.完成句子：①每次我来这里天都下雨。

_________________________________________it rains②最后一次见他时，他正和他妈妈聊天。

He was chatting with his mother _________________________________________.3.I’ll tell Mary the news ______ I see her.A. whileB. even ifC. now thatD. the moment。