2010-2011第二学期专业英语试卷A答案1.Translate the following Chinese terms into English ( one point foreach,20 points for all)1) 汽车与工程机械automobile and construction machinery2) 筑路机械road-making machine3) 发电机generator4) 起动马达self starter5) 方向盘steering wheel6) 进气门inlet valve7) 齿轮泵gear pump8) 机油滤清器oil filter9) 差速器differential10) 摩擦式离合器friction clutch11) 蓄电瓶storage battery12) 铲土运输机scraper13) 塔式起重机tower crane14) 叉车fork lift15) 商业车辆commercial vehicle16) 变速箱transmission box (gear box)17) 带式输送机belt conveyer18) 步履式挖掘机walking excavator19) 颚式砸机jaw crusher20) 履带和轮胎track and tire2.Translate the following English terms into Chinese (one point foreach, total 20 points)1) gasoline and diesel 汽油和柴油2) flywheel and cam 飞轮和凸轮3) disk brake 盘式制动器4) mechanical vibration 机械振动5) power steering 动力转向6) vibratory roller 振动式压路机7) hydraulic torque converter 液力变矩器8) piston ring 活塞环9) suspension system 悬挂系统10) cab and chassis 驾驶室与底盘11) radiator 散热器12) fuel-injection system 燃油喷射系统13) air compressor 空气压缩机14) lubrication and lubricant 润滑与润滑剂15) fine-mesh oil filter 机油细滤器16) pile driver 打桩机17) hydraulic excavator 液压挖掘机18) concrete paver 混凝土摊铺机19) truck mixer 搅拌车20) ignition system 点火系统3.Answer the following questions briefly(5 points for each, 20 points for all)1)Which are included in an internal combustion engine?Two mechanisms:piston connecting rod mechanism and valve timing mechanismFive systems:fuel feed system,lubrication system,cooling system,starting system,and ignition system(only for petrol engine).2)What are included in a working member of a hydrauli excavator?Boom,arm,bucket and cylinder of the boom,cylinder of the arm,cylinder of the bucket.3) What is the function of a differential ?The differentials is a gear assembly in a motor vehicle which allows the propeller shaft or drive shaft to turn the drive wheels at different speed when the vehicle is going around a curve.4) What is the difference between a bulldozer and an angledozer?A bulldozer is mounted with a blade perpendicular to the direction of travel. And an angledozer is mounted with a blade set an angle with the direction of travel. The former pushes the earth forward, while the latter pushes the earth forward and to one side, some blades may be adjusted their use to bulldozer or angledozer.4. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. (40 points)A. Part One (5 points for each , 20 points for all)第一部分1) 真正最早上市的内燃机是名叫尼古拉斯·奥格斯特·奥托的德国人发明的。
该装置是一个四冲程的发动机,汽缸体中每个油缸每次燃烧时,使用汽化器中的汽化的汽油和混合的空气。
在该内燃机循环的进气冲程中,燃烧的混合物吸入气缸;在压缩冲程中,混合物被压缩,再由火花塞点燃;作功冲程中,混合物燃烧完成;排气冲程中,燃烧后的混合物被排出所缸。
2) 离合器是一种快速容易连接或分开一旋转轴和另一同轴的旋转轴的装置。
离合器允许这两个构件,通常是驱动轴通过操作连接或脱开。
尽管它用在机动车上,但是,离合器有多种可用的类型,电磁式,干摩擦盘式,多种油浸盘式,离心式和叶片式。
在机动车中离合器的功能是在换挡时,将发动机的动力与车轮分开,然后,允许发动机平稳提速,特别重要的是在起动时。
3). 我们将起重机定义为一种能够举升重物,并将其水平移动的机器。
换句话说,起重机能够举升重物并能在水平面上将其移到不同的位置。
不象升降机,只是一个举升装置,我们可将起重机分为两大类:它们是臂式起重机和行车式起重机(行车)。
臂式起重机有一个臂,通过该臂重物被悬吊,该臂允许重物在吊臂的半径范围之内上升、下降,并放在任何位置、吊臂在垂直平面内的运动称为变幅,在水平面内的运动称为回转。
4)单斗装载机是通用的机器,适用于各种条件下的操作。
装载机有履带式或轮胎式的牵引设备作为行走装置。
装载机通过更换工作装置,主要是铲斗,可实现装载施工,安装施工的机械化。
可用的装载装置有三种变换方式:前卸式、翻转式、半回转式和臂架式。
前卸式工作装置可在材料装载的一侧卸料,臂架式工作装置也可一侧卸料。
翻转式的工作装置可实现向后卸料。
B. Part Two (20 points )第二部分压路机是压实机械类工程车辆,用于压实道路和基础施工中的土壤、砾石、混凝土或者沥青。
压路机通过滚轮对被压实材料表面施加的作用力来完成压实,它适用于各种道路施工,机场,水坝,港口以及工业施工。
压路机有不同的类型:拖式,自行式和手扶式;有光轮式,凸块式和橡胶轮胎式;并且可以进一步分为静作用式和振动式。
振动压路机对材料有两种压实作用力—自身重力和动态冲击力。
来自于压路机自身重力的压实力是由钢轮和机架重量产生的。
来自动态作用的压实力是由位于钢轮内的偏心块旋转产生。
压路机对材料表面提供快速连续地冲击,从而影响了上层以及深层材料。
振动在材料中传递,使材料颗粒产生运动,并使它们靠近以达到尽可能高的密实度。
发展的趋势就是振动压路机。
振动压路机有多种配置。
单钢轮振动压路机的特点是单个钢轮振动,轮胎驱动。
钢轮可以是用于底基层或填石压实的光轮,或者是用于土壤压实的凸块式钢轮。
双钢轮振动压路机是串联式压路机,主要用于沥青路面的压实,还可用于大规模基层、底基层和路堤填方的压实。
手扶式振动压路机适于粒状土和沥青的薄层压实,该压路机主要用于小型作业、维护以及狭窄区域的压实。
2010-2011第二学期专业英语试卷B答案1. Translate the following English terms into Chinese (one point foreach,20 points for all)1) automobile and construction machinery 汽车与工程机械2) road-making machine 筑路机械3) generator 发电机4) self starter 起动马达5) steering wheel 方向盘6) inlet valve 进气门7) gear pump 齿轮泵8) oil filter 机油滤清器9) differential 差速器10) friction brake 摩擦式制动器11) storage battery 蓄电瓶12) scraper 铲土运输机13) tower crane 塔式起重机14) fork lift truck 叉车15) engineering vehicle 工程车辆16) transmission box 变速箱17) conveyer 输送机18) ripper 松土器19) milling machine 铣刨机20) bucket 铲斗2.Translate the following Chinese terms into English (one point foreach, total 20 points)1) 汽油和柴油gasoline and diesel2) 飞轮flywheel3) 制动器brake4) 机械振动mechanical vibration5) 动力转向power steering6) 振动式压路机vibratory roller7) 液力变矩器hydraulic torque converter8) 拖拉机tractor9) 悬挂系统suspension system10) 驾驶室与底盘cab and chassis11) 行星齿轮系planetary gear train12) 燃油喷射系统fuel-injection system13) 空气压缩机air compressor14) 润滑与润滑剂lubrication and lubricant15) 打桩机pile driving equipment16) 液压挖掘机hydraulic excavator17) 混凝土摊铺机concrete paver18) 搅拌车truck mixer19) 铣刨机milling machine20) 铲斗bucket3.Answer the following questions briefly(5 points for each, 20 points for all)1) What is the difference between a petrol engine and a diesel engine?The difference is that in the former an explosive mixture of air and gas is made externally to the engine cylinder, compressed and ignored by an electric spark.2)What are the function and types of clutches?A clutch is a device for quickly and easily connecting and disconnecting a rotatable shaft and a rotating coaxial shaft,which allows two components,usually drive shaft to be engaged or disengaged by its operation.Electromagnetic, dry friction plate, multi-oil immersed plate, centrifugal and vane are just some of the various types of clutch avaible. The job of the clutch is to disconnect the engine from the road wheels while changing gear and then to allow the engine to pick speed smoothly, which is especially important on starting.3) What are the definitions of a crane and a hoist?A crane can lift loads and move them to a different position in the horizontal plane, unlikea hoist which is only a lifting device.4) What are all types of conveyers?They are belt conveyer, chain conveyer, screw conveyer, vibrating conveyer.4. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. (40 points)A. Part One (5 points for each , 20 points for all)第一部分1)发动机是独立的动力装置,并将燃料的热能转换成机械能,用以推动车辆前进。