(三)名词考点 1．集体名词：family，people，crowd，class，police (1)指整体时，视为单数，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 (2)指成员时，视为复数，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 Her family is (be) very big. 她家是一个大家庭。
Her family are (be) football fans. 她全家人都是足球迷。
A．ability
B． decision
C． teamwork
7．(2016·中考改编)—A study shows that good habits play a very important________
in children’s education.
—I think so.( B ) A. sense
B． chicken
C． a chicken
2．(2016·中考改编)—I have great________in finishing the work by myself. Can you
help me?
—No problem.( C ) A. fun
B． success
C． difficulty
考点一 名词的分类
1．(2016·中考改编)The students didn't find much________about the topic on that
website.( C )
A. report
B． article
C． information
2．(2016·中考改编)—Look at my stamps.
B． part
C． reason
8．(2016·中考改编)—There are a lot of________of bike riding.
—I agree. It’s good for the environment and it saves money.( C )
A．instructions
B．instruments
C．advantages
考点二 名词的数
1．(2016·中考改编)—Mum, I’ve heard that we can’t eat________these days. Is it
true?
—Take it easy. It is safe to eat cooked meat.( B )
A. chickens
以s，x, ch， sh 等结尾
加-es
bus—buses，box—boxes， watch—watches，wish—wishes
一般情况
加-s
book—books，table—tables
(3)不可数名词：分为抽象名词和物质名词，表数量时要用“基数词或不定冠词 ＋量词＋of＋不可数名词”，注意of后的名词只能用原形。如：a piece of news, two pieces of bread。
—I like it, too. My mother often cooks delicious food after watching it.( B )
A. guidebook
B． program
C． instruction
4．(2016·中考改编)─Someone called you just now.
Korea
Korean
Koreans
(2)可数名词复数形式的规则变化
情况
构成方法
例词 (口诀)
以f或fe结尾
一般变f, fe为v再加 -es
树叶(leaf)半数(half)自己(self)黄，妻子 (wife)拿刀(knife)去杀狼(wolf)，架(shelf)后 小偷(thief)逃命(life)忙。
名词的形容词转换： n．＋y rain—rainy cloud—cloudy sun—sunny luck—lucky health—healthy n．＋ful use—useful harm—harmful beauty—beautiful care—careful wonder— wonderful thank—thankful n．＋less useless care—careless help—helpless n．＋ly friend—friendly love—lovely month—monthly n．＋n Asia—Asian America—American Australia—Australian n．＋en wool—woolen wood—wooden gold—golden
情况
特殊 名词
构成方法 变内部元音
单复数同形 完全不规则
例词 man—men，woman—women，foot—feet，tooth—
teeth Chinese，Japanese，sheep，deer，fish (中国人和日本人喜爱绵羊、鹿和鱼) penny—pence，child—children，mouse—mice
Americans
Australia
Australian
Australians
India
Indian
Indians
Canada
Canadian
Canadians
Italy
Italian
Italians
Brazil
Brazilian
Brazilians
Singapore
Singaporean
Singaporeans
中考英语语法知识专题(1)名词、名词所有格 ppt课件(含答案)
名词 (一)名词的分类：名词是表示人或事物名称的词。它分为专有名词和普通名词。
类别
定义
例词
专有名词
表示具体的人名，事物， China，the Great 地名，组织等名称的词。 Wall
可数 普通
名词 不可
数
个体名词 集体名词 物质名词 抽象名词
—I know. But I was busy at that time. When I called back, there was no ________.
A. voice
B． sound
C． answer
( C)
5．(2016·中考改编)He will have to watch his ________because of his serious
表个别人或事物的名称 表若干人或事物的名称 表物质或材料的名称 表感情等抽象概念的名称
teacher，apple family，police water，bread love，knowledge
(二)名词的数： 名词按事物的性质分为可数名词和不可数名词。 1．可数名词：①有复数；②单数前加a/an。 2．不可数名词：①无复数；②不能用a, an 修饰。 (1)可数名词复数形式的不规则变化
stomach problem.( B )
A. style
B． diet
C． smell
6．(2016·中考改编)The Chinese saying “A tree can’t make a forest” tells us
that________ is very important in a football match.( C )
无生命的名词 时间、距离…… 其他
在词尾加-'s或-' 用“of＋名词”结构
双重所有格
of＋-'s所有格 of＋名词性物主代词
例词 Tony's pen the students' textbooks Teachers’ Day Women's Day Children's Day Lucy and Lily's mother Lucy's and Lily's beds twenty minutes' walk today's newspaper a photo of my family a friend of her mother's a friend of mine
—They are very beautiful! You’ve got a wonderful__________.( C )
A. instruction
B． description
C． collection
3．(2016·中考改编)—My favorite TV________is A Bite of China(舌尖上的中国)．
Lucy with her friends goes (go) to the park every Sunday.
5．表时间、金钱、距离的名词作主语时，视为一个整体，谓语动词用单数。 Ten years is (be) a very long time. 6．常考的不可数名词 room＝space 空间；空地 There is no room to put the desk here. news，information，advice，weather，music，pollution, population... 7．exercise 作不可数名词，意为“锻炼”。作可数名词意为“练习；操”。 We should take more exercise.It’s good for our health. Doing more eye exercises is good for our eyesight. To get high scores we should do many math exercises every day.
2．man，woman 作定语修饰名词时，当表示复数意义时，man, woman 及所修饰 的名词均要用复数形式。如：men teachers，women teachers。其余只有后一个名词用 复数如：boy students，girl students, apple trees。