倒装句一、定义：英语最基本的语序是主语在前，谓语动词在后。
但有时由于句子结构的需要或表示强调，就要采用倒装形式。
Eg：The bus comes here.Here comes the bus.车来了。
二、分类：全倒装:将谓语动词完全移到主语之前称为完全倒装，半倒装:只将助动词或情态动词放到主语之前称为部分倒装。
Eg：Many years ago there lived an old man in the wooden house.很多年前有一位老人住在那间木屋里。
Never have I been late for school this term.这学期，我从来没上学迟到过。
三、全倒装：“五全”=有时表地方经常与be/come/exist/fall/follow/go/remain/seem/stand（表示移动或动态的不及物动词连用）或用表示类似“存在”观念的其他不及物动词如：live, stand, come, lie, flow, enter, rise 和appear等㈠、“有”：在“there be”结构里Eg：There is a box on the table.桌子上面有一个盒子。
✧㈡、“时”：表示时间副词，如：now，then,Eg：Now comes your turn.现在轮到你了。
✧㈢、“表”：表语放句子前，“表语＋系动词＋主语”的结构Eg：Present at the party were Mr. Green and many other guests.格林先生和其他的客人在这个聚会上。
Seated on the ground are a group of young men.一群年轻人坐在了地上。
✧㈣、“地”：地点状语放在句首Eg：In south of the river lies a small factory.小工厂位于河的南方。
From the valley came a cry.山谷传来一阵哭声。
✧㈤、“方”：表方位的副词here, there 或out, in, up, down, away, off等标志词放在句首Eg：There lies a large wheat field in front of the house.房子前面有一大片麦田。
Off all the lights went when I came in.当我进来时，所有的灯都灭了。
四、半倒装：“八部”=不只让步也常需（虚）如此祝福✧㈠、“不”表示否定☺①、no, not, never, hardly, no,not,never,hardly,barely,seldom,rarely,scarcely,no longer,nowhere Eg:Never have I been to Beijing.我从没有没有去过北京。
☺①、绝不：at n time, in no way, by no means, on no account, in no case, in/under no circumstance Eg:At no time can we give up.我们决不能放弃。
☺①、Not until ...:直到Eg:Not until my mother came home did I go to bed.知道我妈妈回家我才睡觉。
☺①、Hardly/ Scarcely...(过完）...when...（一过）...:一...就...No sooner...(过完）...than...（一过）...:一...就...Eg:He had hardly got home when it happened to rain.=Had he hardly got home when it happened to rain.他一到家碰巧就下雨了。
☺①、Not only......but also......:（前倒后不倒）Eg：Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender.他没有收下礼物，还狠狠批评了送礼的人㈡、“只”：only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句放在句子开头时。
Eg： Only then did I realize that I was wrong.只有到那时我才意识到我错了。
Only in this way can you learn from your mistake.只有用这样的方法你可以从错误中学习。
Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work.只有当战争于1918年结束时候，他才能够快乐地回到工作当中。
※当only 之后所接的不是状语时不可以用倒装Eg：Only Comrade Zhang knows about the matter..只有张同志知道这件事。
✧㈢、“让步”：as/though/although引导让步状语从句时要倒装（形/副/名/动+as +主语 + 谓语）Eg：Proud as they are，they are afraid to see me.尽管他们自豪，但是他们还怕见到我。
Child as he is，he seems to know everything.（child前不加冠词）尽管他是个孩子，但他好像知道一切。
Hard as he worded，he made little progress.尽管他努力工作，但是几乎没什么进步。
※以上句中as可以替换though/although，但是as更加常用。
✧㈣、“也”：so/nor/neither开头,表示谓语所述的情况也适用于另一个人或一事物的肯定或否定句so用于肯定句，表示“也一样”“也这样”；nor/neither用于否定句，表示“同样也不，也不这样”。
Eg:I am watching TV. So is she.我正在看电视，她也在看。
My parents didn't watch TV last night. Neither （Nor）did I.我父母昨晚没有看电视，我也没有看。
※表示两人的同样一个情况时，只能表示一件事，即上、下句所使用的动词、时态要一致。
✧㈤、“常”：表示频度副词如：often、many a time, now and again等经常用于正式的文体中Eg：Often did he advise them not to smoke.他经常建议他们不要抽烟。
✧㈥、“需=虚拟”：省略if的虚拟条件句，把助动词were、had、should提到主语前面时Eg：Had it not been for your help, we shouldn't have achieved so much.要不是你的帮助，我们不可能收获这么多。
✧㈦、“如此”： so/such …that…。
从句中，当so+形容词/副词或such+名词位于句首时。
Eg：So exhausted was she that she wanted to have a rest.他是如此地疲惫以至于想要休息一下。
✧㈧、“祝福”：当may放在句首，表达祝愿时。
Eg：May you succeed!祝你成功！五、练习题Part One 单项选择1._______ and caught the mouse.A. Up the cat jumpedB. The cat up jumpedC. Up jumped the catD. Jumped up the cat2.______ and the lesson began.A. In came Mr BrownB. Mr Brown in cameC. In came heD. came in Mr Brown3. Over _______ , dead.A. rolling the goatB. rolled the goatC. did the goat rollD. the goat rolled4.— Where is my shirt, mum? —_________.A. There is itB. There it isC. There isD. Here is it5. — Where is your father? —Oh, ________.A. here he comesB. he here comesC. here does he comeD. here comes he6.The door opened and there ________ .A. enters an old manB. entered an old manC. did an old man enterD. an old man entered7. Now ______ your turn to recite the text.A. will comeB. comesC. has comeD. there is8. Often _____ them not to smoke here.A. we advisedB. advised meC. did we adviseD. had we advised9. ________ playing soldiers.A. Inside the room were two boysB. Inside the room two boysC. Were two boys inside the roomD. Inside the room was two boys10. On the wall _______ two large portraits.A. are hanging B .Hanged C. hang D. hangs11. _______ who was wounded in the stomach.A. Among them were a soldierB. Among them was a soldierC. Among them a soldier wasD. Among they was a soldier12. Next door to ours ________ , who is no less than eighty.A. that lives an old manB. does an old man liveC. lives an old manD. where lives an old man13.She plays the piano very well, ______.A. so every one of us doesB. every one of us doesC. so does every one of usD. so do every one of us14.You say he works hard, ______, and _____.A. so he does; so you doB. so he does; so do youC. so does he; so do youD. so does he; so you do15. —I thought you women were present at the meeting. —__________.A. So we wereB. So we didC. So were weD. So did we16.I don’t think Jack will come today, _____.A. nor will MaryB. and Mary doesn’tC. Mary will eitherD. or Mary does17. She is fond of cooking, _____I .A. so amB. nor amC. neither doD. nor do18.Marx was born in Germany and German was his native language.A. So it was with EnglesB. So was it with EnglesC. So was EnglesD. So did Engles19.A fish needs water and without water it will die._______.A. So does a manB. So will a manC. So it is with a manD. So is it with a man20. So absorbed _______ the work that she often forgot to _____ her meals.A. had she been in; doB. she was in; makeC. was she in; takeD. she had been in ; have21.So loudly ______ that every one of the class could hear him.A. did he speakB. did he spokeC. spoke heD. he spoke22. __________ his appearance that no one could recognize him.A. Strange so wasB. So strange wasC. Was so strangeD. So was strange23.Not once ______ their plan.A. did they changeB. they changedC. changed theyD. they did change24. Never ______ such a wonderful place as Hangzhou.A. are seeingB. had I seenC. I have seenD. have I seen25.Seldom ______ TV during the day.A. they watchB. are they watchingC. have they watchedD. do they watch26.Nowhere ______ as in my garden.A. the flowers were so beautifulB. were the flowers so beautifulC. so beautiful were the flowersD. so beautiful the flowers were27. Hardly ________ his homework when he went out.A. finished heB. he had finishedC. did he finishD. had he finished28.Scarcely _____ finished their homework ______ I came into the classroom.A. had they; thanB. they had; whenC. had they; whenD. did they; when29. Not only _______ a promise, but also he kept it.A. has he madeB. does he makeC. he madeD. did he make30. Not until his comrades criticized him _______ to admit his mistake.A. had he begunB. began heC. did he beginD. does he beginPart Two 翻译下列句子。