外研版英语初二下册知识点及短语集 Module 1 系动词:一是(be,am ,is ,are ,been ,was ,were ,being ),一觉得(feel),一好像(seem),一保持(keep) ,三变化(turn,become, get ),四起来(smell, sound ,look ,taste),后跟形容词. 1.would like =want , would like to do sth=want to do sth . 想要做某事 would like sb. to do sth .=want sb. to do sth 想要某人做某事 would you like ...? 其后用some 不用any . 句子:Would you like to do sth . 肯定回答:Yes ,please ./sure ,thanks ./Yes ,I’d like to./Yes ,I’d love to 否定回答:No, thanks ./Sorry ,I’m afraid I can’t . 2.try to do sth .尽力做某事;试图做某事;设法做某事,但不一定成功.否定式:try not to do sth. try doing sth .试着做某事,看看会发生什么情况. have a try 试一试 3.a bit 与a little 1)两者修饰动词,形容词,副词或比较级, 2)a little 可以直接修饰不可数名词,相当于a bit of 4.have a try 试试看, have a look 看一看 have a headache头疼 have a rest 休息 have a meeting 开会 have a good time 玩得愉快 have a fever发烧 5.lots of =a lot of 很多,大量 ,常用于肯定句中.既可修饰可数相当于many , 又可修饰不可数,相当于much . a lot 相当于very much ,多与动词连用,修饰形容词,副词的比较级. 6.提出建议:1)Let’s do sth.让我们做…吧. 2)How about /what about doing sth ?做..怎么样 3)Why not do sth ?为什么不…? 4)Would you like to do …?你愿意做….吗?
5)Shall we do …?我们做…好吗? 6)You’d better(not) do ..你最好(不)做某事. 7.Thanks for sth. =Thank you for sth. 因…而感谢.后V+ing . Thanks to 幸亏,由于,归功于. 8.leave a message留个口信, take/have a message for sb.给某人带个口信. 9.hear from sb.=get /receive a letter from sb . 收到…的来信 hear about /of 得悉,听说 Hear out 听完 hear to 同意
10.can’t wait to do sth .迫不及待做某事 wait for 等候…,后接等待的对象,名词或代词 wait to do sth .等着做某事
11.三到达 :arrive at (小地方),arrive in (大地方),get to =reach 注意:跟home ,here ,there 等副词时,不加介词. 12.quite相当,很,相当于very,区别, quite a ../ quite an ..而very 只能放在a /an 后 13.with 有,带有; 和…一起; 使用等.反义词without 14.穿:dress ,后跟人,dress oneself, dress sb . put on 穿上,强调动作,wear ,穿着,强调状态. 15.be sure 确信,相信 be sure of /about sth .相信/对某事有把握 16.四个花费:take:It takes sb. some time to do sth. /It took sb .some time to do sth . Spend :Sb. spend some time on sth ./ Sb spend some time (in) doing sth/ Sb.spend money on sth . Pay:Sb. pay some money for sth. cost :sth cost sb .some money . 17.四个也:as well 肯定,句末,不用逗号 too,肯定,句末,逗号可有可无. either:否定句末, also ,肯定句中,行前be 后. 18.proud .adj. be proud of 为…而感到骄傲 be proud to do sth .做某事很自豪. pride. n. take pride in ….为…感到自豪; the pride of ….的骄傲. 19.How do you feel about …?对…感觉如何?与How do you like …? 20.at first 起初,开始 ,常位于句首或句末,反义词.at last 最后,终于 first of all ,首先,用作插入语,说明顺序,后接next ,then , at first ,指刚开始做某事的时候,暗示后来的情况有所改变. 21.few /a few修饰可数名词,little /a little 修饰不可数名词,有a 表示有,没有a 表示没有. 22.way 的短语:in this way 用这种方式, in the right way用正确的方法, the way of 做..的方式 in the way 阻碍,妨碍; on the way to …在去…的路上 by the way 顺便说一下.
23.be afraid of 害怕,后接名词,代词或动名词 be afraid to do sth .害怕做某事 24.each other 互相 25.be nervous about 对…感到紧张 26.问外貌:What+do/does /did +主语+look like ? 问性格:What +be +主语+like ? 27.be friendly to sb. 对某人友好- 28.be good at =do well in 擅长,后跟doing sth .或名词。 29.shake hands with sb.与某人握手 30.be good for 对…有好处,反义:be bad for .
对..有害 31.help sb. With sth .在某方面帮助某人, help sb do sth .帮助某人做某事 32.make a lot of noise =make much noise发出很多噪音 Module 2 现在完成时：表过去发生或已经完成的某一动作，对现在造成的影响和结果，或持续到现在的动作。常用词语already,yet ,ever ,never,just ,before, for + some time ,since， 1.表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，或结果，常与recently, ever, never,already,yet ,just,before still连用； 2.表示发生在过去并且一直持续到现在的动作或状态，常与for+时间段或since+时间点连用。 结构：have(has)+过去分词， 动词的过去式及过去分词在末尾加ed 规则是: 1.直接加ed ; 2.以e 结尾的,加e ; 3.以辅音字母加y 结尾的,变y 为i ,再加ed ; 4.重读,末尾辅元辅,双写这个辅音字母,再加ed ; 5,不规则的 1.enter参加,加入;进入,相当于join 或go into 2 .maybe=perhaps大概,也许.放句首. 3.win ,后接war ,match ,game; beat 打败,击败,后跟人. 打败某人,赢得比赛 4.ever 用于疑问句时,其答语如果表示否定,用never 回答. 5.before 以前. 从过去起的若干时间以前, 距过去某时…以前,常和完成时连用 ago ,从现在起的若干时间以前 跟今…以前,常用于过去时态中 6.go on a holiday .去度假,强调动作. be on a holiday 也表示去度假,强调状态. 7.afford 买得起,付得起,常与can ,could ,be able to 连用. 8.stop doing sth.停止做某事(正在做的事不做了.)不做. stop to do sth .停下来(正在做的事)去做某事(另一件事)要做 9.what a pity /That’s a pity .多遗憾啊. 10.think of 想起,起出,认为 think about 思考,考虑 两者区别:1)当表示”想起,想出”时,两者可以互换 2)当think of 表示”认为”时, 不能用think about 3)当think aobut 表示”思考,研究”时,不能用think of . 11.need to do sth .需要做某事 12.make up创造,编造,组成 13.invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事 invite sb. to someplace邀请某人去某地. 14.at the moment 此刻,现在,常与一般现在时或现在进行时连用.at that moment 在那时,常与一般过去时连用. 15.one of +形容词最高级+名词复数,最…的之一,动词用三单形式. 16.send sth .to do sth =send sb. sth 把某物寄给某人. 17.send in提出,交上,寄去 send for 派人去请send out 发出,长出 send away撵走,开除 send up 使上涨,发射,发出 send off寄出,派遣,为…送行