Unit2 Working the landVocabulary and Useful ExpressionsStep1.重点难点1. In many ways, he is one of them, and he struggled for the past five decades to help them.In a way; in one way; in some ways 在某种程度上2．However, he cares little about spending the money on himself or leading a comfortable life.care v. 在乎,在意,喜欢,有兴趣spend sth. … on … 在某方面花费spend … (in) doing sth. 花费…做某事3．Wishing for nothing, however, costs nothing.wishing for nothing 动名词短语做主语,谓语动词用单数.however是插入语,表示语气的一种转折.4．It also refers to crops growing with natural rather than chemical fertilizers.refer to 与…有关,关系到某人、某事；提到,涉及；参考5．Instead, organic farmers insist on changing crops every two or three years.insist on 坚持要求；insist后面可以跟从句,其中谓语动词常用should + 动词原形构成6．Dr. Yuan awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could fees more people.with the hope of 带着某种希望7．He used to walk to his fields twice a day, but now he prefers to ride his motorcycle.used to 过去常常（现在已经不是如此）be used to doing 意思是“习惯于”prefer to do (rather than do) 相比之下更喜欢做某事8．But whatever they grow they make sure that what is left in the ground after harvesting becomes a natural fertilizer for the next year’s crop.whatever引导让步状语从句,表示“无论怎样”,相当于no matter what.Eg: Whatever you do, don’t give up.Step 2．功能句型建议（Suggestion & advice）I would rather … I don’t like … because …I’d prefer … because … It’s a great pity that …Should we/I …? It’s better to …If I h ave a choice I’d choose … because … You need to …May I suggest …? Let me suggest … because …Perhaps we should suggest … because … But what/how about …?Step 3. 重点单词及短语单词①hunger n. 饥饿,食欲；v. 渴望得到某事物,某人hunger for/after sth./sb.②struggle vi.stuggle with sb. 与某人争斗,搏斗struggle (against/with sb./sth.)struggle against/with sb./sth. (for sth.) 争斗,拼搏,奋斗,努力③expand vi. (使某事物)变大,增强,伸展,张开expand on sth. 阐述或详述expansion n. 扩大,扩展,膨胀④equip vt.equip sb./sth. (with sth.) 配备,装备equipment n. 设备,装备⑤export vt. 输出；n. 出口业,出口品import vt. 进口⑥circulate vi. vt. 使某物循环,流通,传播；vt. 发侧知告知某人circulation n. 循环,流传,传播⑦confuse vt. 把某人弄糊涂,使为难,打乱confusion n. 混乱,混淆⑧reduce vt. 缩减,减小,降低reduction n. 减少,缩小⑨supply vt. 供给,供应,满足；n. 供应,供给之物⑩exchange vt. 交换,交易；n. 交换,更换,互访,交流exhange sth. with sth.exchangeable adj. 可交换的,可退换的,可兑换的短语rid … of 清除,摆脱be satisfied with = be contented 感到满足,满意的would rather do sth. 宁可做某事refer to 与…有关,关系到某人,某事,提到,参考search for 寻找,搜寻thanks to 多亏,由于rather than 而不,宁愿…而不Unit2 Working the landWarming Up, Pre-reading and Reading Period 1 Warming up and pre-reading.Step 1 Lead-in.Poem By Li ShenFarmers weeding at noon,Sweat down the field soon.Who knows food on a tray,Due to their toiling day.Then let one student recite the poem in Chinese.Step 2 Warming up by questioningHello, everyone. We shall read about man who works the land today. Have you ever grown any plants? If not, what kind of plant would you like to grow? How will you grow it?(For reference: Mr. Li, I worked with my father in the rice field last year. We grow hybrid rice and use animal wastes to make the soil rich.)Has anyone of you ever been to the countryside? What did you do there?(For reference: I went to Chuankou the day before yesterday. It is a small mountain village 75 li north of Beijing. I went there to visit my uncle’s family. I like that small beautiful village ve ry much. )Who are from a farmer’s family? What do you know about farming?Step 3 Pre-reading and talkingQuestioning and answeringRice is main food in South China. What do you think would happen if tomorrow there was suddenly no rice to eat?(For reference: Then the south people would have to change their eating habit. They could turn to potatoes, wheat flour, cow and sheep cheese, cabbage, onions and garlic for food. They are the bases of the traditional food in North China. )If you had the chance to do one thing to help end hunger in the world, what would you do?(For reference: I would try to end hunger by popularizing the advanced farming techniques.Modern techniques could be introduced to increase the rice output, and expand the area of fields.)Giving background information about Professor Yuan LongpingHave you ever heard of a man called Professor Yuan Longping? Would anyone of you tell the class something about him?(For reference: Professor Y uan Longping is a Chinese agricultural scientist. Professor Yuan's breakthrough scientific achievement led to the world's first successful and widely grown hybrid rice varieties, revolutionizing rice cultivation in China and tripling production over a generation. His approach to rice breeding then spread internationally throughout Asia and to Africa and the Americas, providing food for tens of millions and leading to his becoming known as the "Father of Hybrid Rice."Step 4. ReadingReading aloud to the recordingComprehension—understanding what you are reading—is important. To read in thought groups is an easy, yet effective, way of improving reading comprehension. Now turn to page 9 and read aloud to the recording of the text A PIONEER FOR ALL PEOPLE. Pay attention to the thought groups in the sentences while listening and reading aloud.A brief introduction:Yuan Longping is known as China’s “father of hybrid rice”. It’s said that in China, we eat depending on “Two Ping” ---- Deng Xiaoping, who made the policy of System of Production Responsibility, & Yuan Longping, who invented hybrid rice.Yuan Longping, who was born in September, 1930, graduated from Agriculture Department in Southwest Agricultural Institute. He has been working on agriculture education & the research into hybrid rice since he left the institute.In the 1960s, when China was suffering from serious famine, he came up with the idea of hybrid rice, which has a high yield ( or output). Ten years later, he succeeded in inventing a new species that produced a 20 percent higher yield than common types of rice.Yuan devoted himself to the research into agriculture, & was honored by UNESCO & FAO(联合国教科文组织）. Although he is 74 years old, he is still working on the research into agriculture.Period 2 ReadingStep 1 Lead-in.. Listen to the tape carefully then answer these questions.1）When and who did become the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output?2）What did Yuan Longping invent?Step2. Read the passage once again,then find out these sentences true or false.1）Dr Yuan is more a farmer than a scientist.2 ）Dr Yuan’s kind of rice is the most suitable for China’s farmland.3）Dr Yuan would rather work than relax.4 ）Dr Yuan has dreams when he is asleep and also when he is awake.5 ）Dr Yuan enjoys a simpler life than most rich and famous people.Step3. Find out the topic sentences of each paragraphPara. 1: He became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output.Para.2:He has devoted his life to finding ways to grow more and more rice..Para.3:He cares little about spending the money on himself and would rather keep time for his hobbies.Para.4 Dr. Yuan’s dreams.Step4. Write down Yuan Longping’s personal informationIn pairs, read the text, find information to complete the following form.Step 5 Language points:1. Struggle for…为争取……而斗争Struggle against…为反对……而斗争Struggle with… 与……争斗1）The swimmer struggled against the tide.2）We had to struggle with/against all kinds of difficulties.3）The slaves struggled for the freedom2. 使做…成为… make +it +adj./n. +to do好天气使游泳成为可能The fine weather makes it possible( for us )to swim.他将每早跑步做为一个规则He makes it a rule to run every morning.其他可用这种结构的词:feel, find, think, consider…3.搜查,搜索search (sb. / sth.) for …He searched all the rooms for the missing person.They searched the man all over for money.4.由于,多亏thanks to 相当于because of5.是从前两倍那么多twice as large as before相当于once larger than before6.对……感到满意be satisfied with…相当于be pleased withadj. satisfactory/satisfyingn. satisfaction7.在乎,在意care about比较care forMy aunt cared for me when my parents were away last week.Dr Yuan never cares about money and fame.8. Indeed, his sunburn face and arms and his slim, strong body are like those of millions of other Chinese farmers.e.g: The streets in Beijing are wider than those in my hometown.The number of students in our school is larger than that in their school.9. Dr Yuan grows what is called super hybrid rice.e.g: He came to what is called America.10. This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce one -third more of the crop in the same fields.e.g: That made it possible for life to begin to develop.The development of science makes it possible for us to know more about the universe.11. Dr Yuan awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice (that could feed more people).e.g: He went to the U.S with the hope of finding a better job there.Step 6Closing down by having a dictationTo end the peri od you will take a dictation. It is about Yuan Longping, “Father of Super hybrid rice”.Yuan Longping, China's Most Famous "Farmer"Yuan came up with the idea of hybridizing rice for the first time in the world in 1960s. Since then, 50 percent of China's total rice cultivation fields have grown such rice, which added some 300 billion kilograms to the country's grain output. Furrows grown on his sunburnt face, a slim figure and coiled-up trousers legs would confuse foreign reporters who came to interview themost famous scientist in China, who would rather be called “a farmer”. Indeed, like many Chinese farmers, Yuan in his 70s and has devoted most of his life growing rice in paddy fields, but unlike those farmers, he reaps the seed from experimental fields only for hybridizing rice.Unit2 Working the landListening, Speaking and WritingLearning AimsTo help students read the passage Organic Farming.To help students to use the language by reading, listening, speaking and writing.ProceduresI．Warming up by listening and reading aloudLanguage is created to be listened to and spoken first. So open your book to page 13 and read it aloud while listening to the recording. Watch your pauses between the thought groups.II. Guided reading1.Reading and translatingRead the text sentence by sentence, and put it into Chinese. Who will be the first to try. I will only have four of you to do this task..Reading and underliningNext you are to read and underline all the useful expressions or collocations in the passage. Copy them to your notebook after class as homework.2.Doing exercisesNow you are going to do exercises No. 1, 2 and 3 on page 14 following the article.3.ListeningFor listening turn to page 14 and then 15 for the listening exercises 1, 2 and 3. Are you ready?5. Reading, speaking and writingWhen trying to argue people into or out of doing something we may use the following expressions:In pairs you are to make up a dialogue to argue each other into or out adopting organic farming. I will argue with your monitor, Liang Bochao. Get started.III. Guided writing1.Writing a posterWriting a poster which includes all the information about the uses of computer so that you will encourage more farmers to buy and use. You are asked to base your poster on the overall pattern of the article you learned Organic Farming. Limit your poster to between 200 and 250 words.2.Writing a speechWrite a speech for Professor Yuan Longping. He is to attend an international conference on modern agriculture. You may also make use of the library and network resources for the task. IV. Further applyingFinding informationRead online to find as much information as possible about Professor Y uan Longping and his research group. Share your findings with you partner next time you are here.Writing a reportGo back home to interview your parents or your grandparents about China’s agriculture, its past and present situations. Write a report in English in about 500 words as a weekly project.Acting a text playTurn either one of the two articles into a text play. Rehearse it and play it in front of the class. The play shall last at least 10 minutes.IV. Closing downClosing down by filling a formTo end the period, please fill in the form below.Closing down by imagingImagine and write about what the agriculture will be like 50 years from now in the future. Use your imagination to compete for “wild thinking prize”.Unit2 Working the landGrammar and Useful StructuresLearning AimsTo help students learn about The –ing form as the Subject & Object.To help students discover and learn to use some useful words and expressions.To help students discover and learn to use some useful structures.ProceduresI. Warming upWarming up reading aloud the text A PIONEER FOR ALL PEOPLELanguage is learned in context. So let’s first review the text learne d yesterday by reading it aloud. Try to force out your English slowly and clearly.II. Discovering useful words and expressionsIn pairs do the exercises 1, 2 and 3 . You must finish them in 5 minutes.III. Learning about grammar1. Read and identifyRead the text about Yuan Longping again, paying attention to the sentences which use the –ing form as the subject and object.In the sentence “Wishing for things, however, cost nothing. “the –ing is used as subject.It can be also used as object of the sentence. For example: Yuan Longping likes playing his violin.2. Consolidating by do exercisesTo consolidate your understanding you will be given 10 minutes to go over exercises 1,2,3,4 and 5 on pages 12 and 13. You may just write on your text book. I mean the student’s book you are working by.III. Ready used materials for The –ing form as the Subject & Object)语法学习——动名词1. 动名词作主语1）名词直接放在句首作主语.例如：Using the right hand to shake hands is a convention in many countries.用右手握手是许多国家的一种习俗.2）动名词在“It is no use/ no good/ fun / a waste of time/ a good pleasure 等名词+ doing”结构中作主语,it为形式主语.例如：It is no good writing to him; he never answers letters.写信给他不妥,他从来不回信.It is no use your complaining; the company won’t do anything about it.抱怨是没有用的,公司是不会管的.3）动名词在“I t is useless/ nice/ good/ interesting/ worthwhile 等形容词+ doing”结构中作主语.例如：It is good playing chess after supper.晚饭后弈棋挺好.It is useless speaking.光说是没有用的.4）动名词在“There is(was) no + doing”结构中作主语.例如：There is no denying that she is very efficient.她效率高是不容否认的.There is no telling what he is going to do.他要做什么一点消息都没有.2. 动名词作宾语1）有些动词后面要求跟动名词作宾语.常这样用的动词有：admit 承认；excuse 原谅；postpone 拖延；anticipate 期望；fancy 想象practise 练习；appreciate 欣赏；finish 完成；prevent 防止；avoid 避免；forbid 禁止；propose 建议；consider 考虑；forgive 宽恕；recollect 回忆；delay 耽搁；imagine 想象；resent 厌恶；deny 否认；involve 涉及；resist 抵制；detest 厌恶；keep 保留；risk 冒险；dislike 讨厌；mind 在意；save 挽救；dread 害怕；miss 错过；suggest 建议；enjoy 喜欢；pardon 原谅；understand 理解；escape 逃避；permit 允许例如：I recommend buying the dictionary.我建议买这本词典.I don’t anticipate meeting any opposition.我估计不会遇到任何反对意见.Will you admit having broken the window?你承认不承认打破了窗户？2）有些动词短语后也要求跟动名词作宾语.常这样用的动词短语有：can’t stand 忍不住；can’t help 忍不住；feel like 想,欲；give up 放弃；put off 推迟例如：He put off making a decision till he had more information.在获得详情之前,他没有急于做出决定.Do you feel like taking a walk?你要不要去散步？3）动名词常跟在介词或介词短语后做宾语.常这样用的介词短语有：instead of, look forwardto, object to, keep on, see about, take to 等.例如：We are looking forward to coming to China.我们期待着来中国.We succeeded in getting over all the difficulties.我们终于克服了所有的困难.4）在“have difficulty (trouble, problem, a hard time, fun, a good time) (+in) + 动名词；be busy (in) + 动名词；waste time (in) + 动名词；lost time (in) + 动名词；There is no point (in) + 动名词”等结构中,动名词做介词宾语,in常要省去.例如：The children are busy doing their homework.孩子们忙于做作业.There is no point (in) making the simple experiments once again.再做一次这种简单的实验是毫无意义的.5）在复合宾语中,用it作形式宾语,将动名词短语放在后面.例如：I consider it a waste of time arguing about it.我认为辩论这事是很浪费时间的.6）在“there be”结构当中,be为动名词时,该结构也是一种带逻辑主语的动名词形式.例如：We can imagine there being a lot of fuss about it.我们可以想象到人们对此大惊小怪.Were you disappointed at there not having been more gifts?你对没有更多的礼物感到失望吗？3. 动名词的被动式1）动词need, require, want, deserve后,用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义.其用法相当于不定式的被动结构.例如：The watch needs repairing. (=The watch needs to be repaired.)这块表需要修理.The problem deserves thinking about. (=The problem deservers to be thought about.)这个问题值得考虑.2）在（be）worth后面只能用动名词的主动态来表示被动意义.例如：His suggestion is worth considering. 他的提议值得考虑.IV. Closing down by doing a quiz。