关于音乐：•Type:pop jazz classical folk country musiclight music easy listening•Where:disco pub club barconcert hall 音乐厅opera house歌剧院•What:pitch note rhythm chord•Musician:pianist violinist violist cellist drummer•Instruments:piano（keyboard）guitar （stringed instrument）(plunk with a pick) violin viola cello double bass(play with a bow)drum （beat with sticks）关于租房：•Where: host family—homestaydormitory—hall of residenceapartment—flat—condostudio apartmentbedsit , suite(standard suite),youth hostel ，B&B（bed and breakfast）motel(motorcar+hotel )•Room: single room=1 single bedtwin room=2 single bedsdouble room=1 double beddouble bed: king size>queen sizebunkbed•Sign：for sale for lease/to let•Who:英: landlord landlady 美: owner 租客: tenant •Where：city center(downtown)--urban area--suburb(outskirts )-rural area（countryside）•Bill: water, electricity, gas, phone,maintainace/maintenance•Special Diet:vegetarian, food allergy, no red meat•Facilities：freezer, terrace ,water heater, pillow, study,balcony•Payment: cash check /cheque credit card•Rent/rental:on a weekly/monthly/quarterly/yearly basisdeposit(%,one month rent)•contract关于银行：•账户: bank account (open)current bank account 活期deposit bank account 定期joint bank account 联名•存：deposit 取：withdraw•方式:credit card ,debit card ,cash, check/cheque•透支：overdraft•交易/业务：transaction（bargain，deal）•报账单:bank statement•汇帐，转账：transfer•债：debt（owe，pay）•贷款:loan (low interest loan 低息贷款)•保险:insurance•抵押按揭：mortgage•分期付款：installment•率: interest rate/ratio exchange rate/ratio •出纳员:teller ATM(automatic teller machine)关于机场：•票: first class ticketeconomy class ticketbusiness class ticketone-way ticket—single ticket 单程票two-way ticket----return ticket 双程票•起飞:depart ,take off•降落:arrive,land•转机：transit （in transit）•航班:flight 航线:airline•登机牌：boarding pass•登机口：boarding gate•延误：delay•乘客:passenger(messenger)•行李:luggage英,baggage美（claim）•护照:passport•乘务员:steward(ess), attendant,air hostess•机场短程(摆渡)车:airport shuttle关于车：•品牌:make•车牌:plate•档:gear (automatic , manual)•颜色卡:colour chart (royal ,dark,deep,light,metallic -) •引擎:engine L cc•刹车:brake•轮子:wheel•方向盘:steering wheel (steering lock)•反光镜:side mirrors•喇叭:horn•后备箱:trunk美,boot英•里程数:mileage•型号:model•报警器：car alarm•驾照:driving license英/ce美•车:vehicle关于图书馆：•会员:外部: external member内部: internal member•图书馆员：librarian•借与还:借loan borrow------还return过期overdue---罚款fine---续借renew•可使用:复印机photocopier 打印机printer字典dictionary（set）期刊journal , periodical（current/back issue)视听材料audio-visual material卡带和视频：cassette & video•持卡进入：card 、paid card，electronic card关于工作：•薪资：1.年收入：income2.月收入：salary 奖金：bonus3.时/周收入：wage4.支出：outlay /overheads/outgoings•轮班：shift day/night shift•休假：leave（unpaid leave）、time-off•空缺职位：vacancy=opening•长工：permanent staff 短工：temporary staff•简历：CV，resume•找工作：job hunting•跳槽：job hopping•招聘：recruitment•途径：ad（advert），radio，website，newspaper设施设备：•食堂: refectory/ canteen/dining room/cafeteria•健身房:fitness center—gym—keep-fit studio•足球场:football pitch 篮球场:basketball field网球场:tennis court 壁球场:squash court高尔夫球场：golf course•售票处:box office=ticket office•礼堂,观众席:auditorium•更衣室:dressing/changing room（locker锁柜）•衣帽间：cloakroom•咖啡馆：café/cafe•停车场：car park , parking lot•电梯:escalator扶梯lift 直梯英elevator 直梯美•大厅:hall foyer lobby•果园：orchard•厕所：lavatory/toilet•仓库：warehouse / storehouse•室内竞技场，场所：arena----(stadium)•放牧地：grazing area•草坪：lawn 草原：meadow 牧场：pasture•沼泽，湿地：marsh•水库:reservoir•水族馆：aquarium•游戏机厅:video games arcade交通工具：•By land:地铁:metro加underground英伦敦subway美tube英大巴: coach计程车:taxi cab面包车:van小型公交车:minibus摆渡车:shuttle（班车）电车：tram汽车：automobile / car /motorcar摩托车：motorcycle/motorbike•By sea ：轮渡：ferry关于旅游：•娱乐:entertainment/recreation/amusement/pastime/leisure•小册子：booklet，pamphlet，brochure•Ways: Trip—Outing, Excursion, Jaunt 短途旅行ExpeditionSafari（hunting，eastern Africa）Cruise 游轮Journey(journal) 长Trek 长途跋涉Roam(ing)漫游•景点：attraction，interest ,resort 遗迹：relic•搭便车旅行：hitch-hike (to sp)•背包客：back pack(er), rucksack•沙发客：couch surfer关于食物：Local cuisine(gourmet-delicacy) :•Uk: fish & chips•Italy: pasta(spaghetti 细面macaroni 通心粉）pizza•Japan ：sushi wasabi sake•Korea：kimchi•India：curry•Germany：sausage stout•China：pot sticker（stuffing）•原料：ingredient （配料：dressing酱seasoning 粉）•Ingredient：1.Meat：beef 牛肉steak 牛排lamb 羔羊肉mutton羊肉pork猪肉bacon培根2.Vegetables：lettuce 生菜rape 油菜spinach 菠菜eggplant 茄子celery 芹菜leek 韭菜broccoli 西兰花cauliflower 菜花pea 豌豆lentil 扁豆3.Flour 面粉(flower)4.Dressing:ketchup 番茄酱vinegar 醋soy sauce 酱油5.Seasoning：MSG 味精green onion 葱ginger 姜garlic 蒜•Tastes：sour （sore）sweet bitter hot/spicy salty新生报到：•本科生: undergraduate（n，v）硕士生:postgraduate•大一:freshman大二:sophomore大三:junior大四:senior•毕业证书/文凭:diploma•选修：optional courses•必修：compulsory courses, obligatory, fixed•系：department，faculty•学期：semester , term•学士学位:Bachelor’s degree硕士学位:Master’s degree博士学位:Doctor’s degree（Post-）•文科或理科: arts or science•学科:Botany , Sociology , Psychology , ArchaeologyPhilosophy , Photography , Mathematics , DramaStatistics , Anthropology，Politics，Ecology论文选课：•论文: essay 短论文paper 论文thesis 硕士论文，论点dissertation 大论文，博士论文•最后期限: deadline-extension-reasonable excuse•测评：assessment•作业: assignment coursework•课:lecturer session 导师课：tutorial•研讨会：seminar•参加考试:sit an exam (take,have) 重考: resit•旁听: sit in (on=about)•问卷:questionnaire(distribute)---答卷人:respondent•读写能力:literacy•有读写能力的（人）:literate(illiterate,innumerate)关于dissertation：•Structure/format:title, subtitle, subtopic, abstract, bibliography, references, index, appendix •Procedures:draft plan, proofreading, print, deadline,hand in to faculty office•Requirements:word limit, refer to sources (books, journals, internet, downloaded), plagiarism, laser print,double space, bold type, italics, underline, highlight, margin页边距, outline, coversheet, pagenumber,header页眉,footer页脚, bullet point关于运动：sports and playing venues:soccer, football (pitch), golf(course) , squash, tennis (court) ,basketball（field）, badminton,ice skating (ice rink) , wrestling，boxing(ring)aerobics (fitness center, gym=gymnasium), gymnasticsmartial arts: judo柔, karate空, kick boxing跆,sports professionals:athlete, instructor= coach, head coach, refereesports games/matches:junior team, senior team , presentation of awards(medal)modern pentathlon: swimming , fencing , shooting, running, ridingtriathlon: swimming ,cycling , long-distance running关于diet and health：food intake:protein, vitamin, fat, carbohydrate, calcium, cholesterol, mineral,caloriediet:cereal, sugar-free, lean meat, eggs, skimmed-milk, vegetables, fruit, red meat, white meatcereals: wheat, barley, oat , rice，corn, maize，health: low nutrition, malnutrition, overweight, obese, underweight关于医疗：•Where:诊所clinic, health center, practice,养老院nursing home托儿所nursery （幼儿园kindergarten）药店chemist‘s shop/drug store/pharmacy•Who: 全科医生GP=general practitioner ,doctor=practitioner 医生,兽医veterinariandietitian=nutritionist,surgeon外，physician内•What: back trouble ,consultation 会诊,consultprescription 药方,prescribeOTC=over the counter，osteoporosis，migraine ，insomnia，pneumonia，allergy，spasmprocrastination，OCD，depressionchronic--acute•How：medication（pill丸tablet片capsule胶囊herb草药syrup糖浆）antibiotics, penicillin, aspirin, painkillerschemotherapy(chemical , cancer，side-effect）physiotherapy(physical , exercise)acupuncturecheck up•加重与减轻：aggravation and alleviation关于business：•公司：company, corporation, firm, business organizationenterprise , concern , branch company, subsidiary•营销：marketing（advertising campaign）import, export, domestic market, international market,producer/manufacturer, outlet，retail，wholesalenew product, promotion宣传促销, discount,concession特许权•Finance:loan, fund, investment, capital, debt, bankrupt,stocks and shares(issue),takeover•Personnel:manager/executive/director, board of directors董事会关于动物：•Bird：喙：beak，bill 羽毛：feather 爪：claw 尾巴：tail •Mammal：皮：hide，coat 毛：fur 须：whisker 鬃毛：mane脚爪：paw-claw 角：horn 蹄：hoof 象鼻：trunk •Insect：触角：antenna 刺：sting•Reptile：snake turtle•Amphibian：蟾蜍：toad 蛙：frog（tadpole）•Fish：鱼鳞：scales 鳍：fin 鳃：gill•Poultry and livestock•Predator and prey•Pest•infest with parasite关于植物：•vegetation—plant•tree-trunk树干-branch树枝-twig嫩枝•root-stem茎-thorn刺-stalk（leaf柄，flower梗）- -bud花蕾-petal花瓣•植物群和动物群：flora and fauna•Cereal谷物：作物庄稼crop小麦wheat-麦穗an ear of wheat-谷粒grain大麦barley燕麦oat玉米英maize美corn 玉米棒corncob关于地理：•Seven continents and four oceansAsia ,Europe ,Africa ,North America ,South America , Oceania, Antarctica,Arctic Ocean, Pacific Ocean, Indian Ocean, Atlantic Ocean •The North（South）Pole•continent , desert（n，v）•fresh water 淡水------sea water 海水•altitude高度（height 海拔）longitude经度latitude 纬度•current 水流，电流•Geographical features 地貌：glacier冰川plateau高原sandstone 沙岩cliff 悬崖顶峰summit-山峰peak-山脊ridge•英sea 美ocean海湾gulf >湾bay 礁reef 海浪wave 高尔夫golfcoast 海岸shore（coastline）海岸边湖畔beach 沙滩关于环境：•Contaminate environment•Environmental protection / conservation•Fossil fuel（coal，oil、petroleum，natural gas）•Alternative energy（renewable energy，nuclear）Renewable energy（sunlight，wind，rain，tides，）•Contamination Sources/pollutant/contaminant ：Waste（household，industrial）Emission-emit(exhaust)—Landfill site & Incineration plant Chemicals（plastic bags---degradation---vegetation）Nuclear（generate electricity—radiation)（generate electricity—no emission ，no carbon dioxide）。