2012高考英语常用词汇辨析◆wash/wash away◇wash表示“洗(手、衣服等)”,既可作及物动词,又可作不及物动词;◇wash away表示“冲走”、“冲垮”、“洗掉”,作及物动词短语用。
[EXERCISES]①The flood some of the houses in the village.②He his face and hands,then went downstairs.③You must before dinner.(Keys: ①washed away ②washed ③wash)◆wear;have on;put on;dress;(be)in+颜色(服装、眼镜等)◇wear主要用于穿衣服、戴眼镜(手套、首饰、帽)等,以强调“穿(戴)着”的状态。
例如:Mr Wu always wears a blue coat in winter.吴老师冬天总是穿着一件蓝色大衣。
◇have on作“穿(戴)着”解,同wear一样,也表状态,但不用于进行时态。
例如:Xiao Wang has on a white shirt today.(=Xiao Wang is wearing a white shirt today.)小王今天穿着一件白衬衫。
◇put on着重强调“穿(戴)上”的动作。
例如:I like to put on my hat when I go out in winter.冬天,我喜欢外出时戴上帽子。
◇dress既可作及物动词,又可作不及物动词,所接宾语是人而不是衣、帽等物。
例如:1)Her mother is dressing her.她母亲正在给她穿衣服。
2)The nurses are dressed in white.护士穿着白衣服。
◇“(be)in+颜色或服装、眼镜等”也表示“穿着”的状态,在句中作表语或定语。
例如:He is in uniform today.他今天穿着制服。
◆work on/work at ◇work on表示“从事”、“创作”、“进行”,后面接名词、代词或V-ing,强调做具体的事;还可表示“继续工作”、“努力说服”,既可作及物动词短语用,又可作不及物动词短语用。
例如:Miss Liu is working on a new book.刘老师正在写一部新书。
We'll work on till midnight.我们将继续工作到午夜。
◇work at表示“致力于”、“从事于”、“研究”、“学习”,后面接名词、代词或V-ing,强调把时间和精力等用在某一方面的事情上,侧重于说明所从事的工作性质。
例如:Mr.Zhang is working at a new invention.张先生正从事于一项新的发明。
He has worked at this subject for many years.他研究这门学科已经好多年了。
◆would do sth.; used to do sth.这两个短语都可以表示“过去经常做某事”,但区别是:◇would do sth.表示过去某一段时间内习惯性的行为、活动;used to do sth.在时间上主要是同现在对比,暗含“现在已不这样了”的意思;其后既可接表示动作的动词,也可接表示认知或状态的动词。
2012高考英语常用词汇辨析500例V◆vast; huge两者都是形容词,意思是“巨大的、庞大的”。
在强调面积和范围的宽广或博大时,用vast;指体积或容量等方面“巨大、超过一般标准”时,用huge。
如:This area is covered in vast forests.这个地区被一片广阔无垠的森林覆盖。
That’s a huge ship.那艘船好大。
◆very; right; just 三者都含有“正好;就是”之意,◇very是形容词,用来修饰名词,位于the, this,my等限定词后;◇right和just作副词,用来修饰谓语(常为动词be)或作状语的介词短语等,须放在the, this,my等限定词之前。
如:At the very beginning of this term, they took an exam.就在学期开始的时候,他们举行了一次考试。
He is just the actor I want.他正是我所想要的演员。
The police looked at the thief right in the eye.警察目不转睛地盯着小偷。
2012高考英语常用词汇辨析500例U◆used to;be used to;get used to ◇used to意为“过去常常(做某事)”,后接动词原形。
常用来表示今昔对比,含“(现在)已不那样做了”之意。
如:She used to work hard.她过去工作很努力。
(暗指现在工作不努力了。
)◇be used to 有两个含义:①“被用来做某事”,后接动词原形。
②“习惯于;适应”,后接名词、代词或v-ing,表示一种状态。
如:Computers are used to do many things for people now.现在计算机被用来做许多事情。
He is used to hard work.他现在习惯于艰苦的工作。
She isn’t used to living in the countryside now.她不习惯在乡下生活。
◇get used to 意为“习惯于”,表示一个动作,含“由不适应向适应的转变”,其后接名词、代词或v-ing。
如:You’ll soon get used to the weather here.你很快就会适应这儿的天气。
2012高考英语常用词汇辨析500例T◆take along; take care of; take place; take out1) Miss Wang ___ a handkerchief and blew her nose.2) Mr Zhang ___some of his pictures in the hope of getting a job there.3) Since 1996, great changes ___in our school.4) My grandmother was ill.I must stay at home to ___her.析: ①took out。
表示“拿出;掏出”。
②took along。
表示“携带;随身带着”,其中along是副词。
③have taken place。
表示“发生”,相当于一不及物动词,无被动语态。
④take care of。
表示“照料;照管;照顾”。
◆tell ...from; tell ...between◇二者均为习惯用法:tell A from B意为“区分A和B”,也可以说成tell the difference between A and B。
如:Can you tell American English from British English﹖你能分辨出美国英语和英国英语吗?To tell the truth, I really can’t tell the differences between the Maori and American Indians.老实说,我真的分不清毛利人和印第安人。
◆the same as;the same that ◇the same as是表示“相似或同一类的人和事”之意。
例如:Many of the sports were the same as they are now.过去的很多体育项目和现在的一样。
This is the same book as Mr Wang lost.这本书跟王先生丢失的那本一模一样。
◇而the same that作“同一个人或同一件事”解。
例如:This is the same book that Mr Wang lost.这本书就是王先生丢失的那本书。
That is the same bike that I lost.那辆自行车就是我丢失的那辆。
◆think of/think about/think over ◇这三个词组都与“想”有关,但所表达的含义有所不同。
◇think of多用来指“想起,认为”。
如:Last night,before I went to bed,I thought of my parents.昨晚我睡觉前,想起了我的父母。
What do you think of that book?你认为那本书怎么样?◇think about 多用来指“考虑某事情或对某事进行思考”。
如:Think about what you have done!想想你所做的这一切吧!◇think over意思是“仔细考虑,认真思考”。
如:Before you answer this question,please think it over.在回答这个问题之前,请认真考虑一下。
◆this kind of, of this kind ◇二者都表示“这种……”,但“this kind of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词的数常与kind保持一致;“名词+of this kind”作主语时,谓语动词的数常与该名词保持一致。
如:This kind of actress is easy to find but directors of this kind are scarce.这种女演员不难找,可是这种导演却不多见。
◆though;although;as ◇这三个词都可以表示“虽然”、“尽管”。
though 和although引导让步状语从句时,常可互换,只是although的语气更强一些。
如:Though/Although it was late,the farmers kept on harvesting the crops by the lights of the tractors.◇此外,though可以用于省略句,although很少这样用though引导的从句可以部分倒装,although引导的从句不用倒装语序。
如:Though poor, he is always neatly dressed.Poor though I am, I can afford it.◇as表示“虽然”、“尽管”引导让步状语从句时,从句要用倒装语序,将表语、状语等置于句首。
Tired as he was, he went on working with his workmates.Child as he is, he knows a lot about the computer.注意:as引导让步状语从句时,若充当表语的名词位于句首,则该名词前面不用冠词。