英语考试作文写作技巧i. 大作文总体结构introduction(开篇):第一段body(论证):第二到第四段(或第二,第三段)conclusion(总结):第五段(或第四段)第一段写法（introduction)完整版:背景句(介绍题目)+a观点+转折词+b观点+个人观点+过渡简化版:背景句(介绍题目)+个人观点推荐使用：背景句(介绍题目)+个人观点+过渡句step one: useful expression：优缺点类型的关键词advantages and disadvantagesbenefits and dangersstrengths and weaknessmerits and drawbackspositive and negativepros and consblessing and cursestep two : transitional wordsbody部分的段落衔接词若干层次：to begin with / firstly / first and foremostsecondly / in addition / what is morein the third place / furthermore / last but not least body部分的段落衔接词二第一段不用连接词：第二段使用also, moreover, besides,或者it also might be noted that…,第三段:another vital evidence which should be illustrated to verify my opinion is that…body段落的衔接词三proponents, opponentsfrom one side , from the other sidepeople who support the former idea hold that…on the contrary, there are still many oppo nents arguing that…多样性论证方式之举例useful expressions1.for example, for instance, take sth as example,2.sth is a vivid a case in point, a case in point is that…举例: a case in point is that a great number of american youth across the continent when theyjust complete their school jobs.3.we could find numerous examples to cite:we could find numerous examples,such as…4.symbolize,symbolic,signify,…is an excellent metaphor for…,论证方式之引用a popular/old/saying/proverb/slang goes like this:练习：英格兰有句俗语,大卫.贝克汉姆的黄金右脚.there is a prevalent saying in england that david beckham has golden right foot.a popular saying in england goes like this：david beckham’s right foot.论证方式之引用a widely/powerfully/tremendously 副词accepted / authorized/undeniable/ 形容词survey/theory/statistics/argument 名词conducted/exposed/led by some 后置定语experts/media/newspaper/institute 名词indicates/displays/exposes/illustrates/reveal 动词that…简化:a widely accepted survey conducted by some experts indicates that…论证方式之因果lead to, contribute to / result from, derive from, arise fromdue to, owing to, thanks to , on account ofas a result of, consequence of, consequently, in consequencetherefore, hence, thus, thereby (副词不能跟从句) 举例:and therefore结尾段写法结尾段由结论句+口号/建议/说明句构成。

不要太短,两句或三句为适宜。

1.结论句=结论词+题目观点（再次转述题目,可以部分引用题目,很容易和开头段观点写法重复）结论句与结论词1.from what has been discussed above, we can strongly draw the conclusion that …2.weighing all the pros and cons of this issue/taking into all the factors of this issue,we may relatively/comparatively get the conclusion that…3.to sum up, in a summary, in a word, in a sentence, as a conclusion,i think, i hold, i regard,….. 结尾段模板口号句与展望句1.it is high time that we should do举例：it is high time that we should carry out deeper methods to avoid this disastrous circulation. 结尾段其他模板in conclusion, i hold we should never+驳斥的观点on the contrary,肯定的观点the result will be …my experience tells me that to ____needsa thorough and persevering process, andin this process you had better abide by theprinciples mentioned above.结尾段其他模板in a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of ______________. only in this way can ______________ in the future.in my opinion, ______________ is just as common as ______________.if ______________, it may be very useful. whatever ______________, the key point lies in ______________.all in all, we cannot live without ______________ . but at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with problems that would arise.on the whole, it is high time that we recognized the significance of ______________.although it is affected by many factors, still there are certain ways that can make the situation better. the most import is______________. another way is ______________. still another one is ___________.many solutions are offered here, all of them make some sense, but none is adequate enough. the problem should be studied in depth.we may have a long way to go before we reach the final goal. but once we are on the way, the chance to reach it is greater.as far as i am concerned, i trust the advantages mentioned above exceed the disadvantages. ii. 观点句观点句由观点词+观点来完成as for me, i side with the former / latter.from my view, i approve …as far as i am concerned,in my opinion,in view of these points,特殊的观点表示方式动词:1.agree, believe2. consider, regard, treat3. hold, argue, claim, insist, persist, maintain, approve, advocate, assert,其他词性用法:i am a believer in…, i am so convinced that…, as a truthful advocate in…一边讨论型过渡句in the following paragraphs, i would present some reasons.a few explanations would be presented as follows.thus essential and persuasive evidences would be provided in the subsequent paragraphs to verify my perspective.两边讨论型过渡句people could rarely reach a consensus without a fierce debate on this issue.all the blessings and curses will be fully exposed in the following paragraphs.consequently, i will discuss this issue from both two sides respectively.iii. 背景句as one of the most significant invention/phenomenon in the 20th century,_ has a great application/influence in many aspects of ourlives.科技发明类along with the increasing development of science and economy, a great number of issues are brought to our attentions, one of which is that_. 社会类no one could have failed to notice the fact that _ is a noticeable/grave/severe issue with which _ are confronted. 社会类recently the issue of whether or not______(讨论话题) has been in the arguments and has aroused wide concern in the public.社会类the past decades have witnessed the great popular ity of …科技/社会being a controversial issue, … has aroused a great deal of attention in society during the past decades. 社会类no issue in recent years has drawn as much attention as the debate concerning…科技/社会一切主题都适用there has long been puzzled/confused /accepted that...it is universally puzzled/ confused/ accepted /established/ acknowledged that…it is obviously true/controversial that…there is no denying/ agreement/ consensus that…it is an undeniable fact thatwhen concerning/arguing/talking/coming to the issue of_ , people’s ideas vary from one to another. some people consider that…( is significant), while others deny it totally, claiming that…(is more reasonable).i side with the former/latter one.no issue in recent years has drawn as much attention as the debate concerning…. some people advocate that…, while others claim that…关于一些人的其他说法traditional/ conventional /conservative ideas, some authorized media, a famous institution, some experts/ scholarsiv. 求职信求职信信头i am writing to apply for the job which was advertised in .further to your advertisement in china daily on nov 29, 2008 for a …, i would like to be considered for this vacancy very much.求职信信尾thank you for your attention.i look forward to your reply and you can reach me by …i do hope that i may be considered for the job and that you may invite me for interview in the near future.you can reach me by e-mail liming@.v. 看图作文描述图画the picture shows that…alternatives of ‘show’同义替换 demonstrate / display / depict/ reveal / present / illustrate / indicate / unveilalternatives of ‘picture’同义替换photo / cartoon / drawing修饰副词:vividly / clearlyas we can see from the cartoon …as can be clearly seen from the above picture …as is displayed in the drawing …as it is displayed in the drawing …the cartoon vividly depicts …加以评论(现象原因后果)it is clear that the picture implies a common phenomenon in our society today:by drawing the picture, the painter intends to inform us that …apparently, the purpose of this picture is to convey a message:the key message conveyed in the picture is that …this kind of situation can be seen in …the cartoon conveys a signal:the picture delivers a message:the drawing is a symbol that …what the picture reflects may be a common / new phenomenon in china / in our daily life / in the younger generation.具体讲述what is the phenomenon?this picture / cartoon conveys a clear message.具体讲述what is the message?there are at least … reasons for this phenomenon.what may account for this social phenomenon?many factors contribute to / lead to / bring about this problem.a number of factors are responsible for this social phenomenon. the causes for the problem are complicated.the effects could be adverse / serious / negative.it will have a negative / undesirable impact on …this will bring some serious consequences.the negative consequences can be expected.首先其次再次to begin with / firstly / first and foremostsecondly / in addition / what is morein the third place / furthermore / last but not least得出结论(态度对策总结)as for me …as far as i am co ncerned …from my view …from a personal point of view …i firmly believe that …my suggestion as to the best way to cope with the problem is as follows. to eradicate the problem, a few solutions should be provided.now i would like to present some countermeasures to deal with the problem.it is high time that we took effective measures to deal with the problem. therefore, it is imperative for us to take some countermeasures.to solve the problem, a combined effort is really necessary.only in this way could we solve such a thorny issue.only in this way could such a thorny issue be solved.only by cooperation could we have a brighter future.a brighter future can be expected if these solutions could betaken. 6。