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英语名词所有格详细讲解及练习题

名词所有格的构成及用法名词在句中表示所有关系、所属关系、动作执行者及动作承受者等意义时常需用所有格形式。

名词所有格也称为属格、主格,它主要包括's所有格、of所有格和双重所有格三种表现形式。

定义:表示有生命的东西的名词及某些表示时间、距离、星球、世界、国家等无生命的东西的名词后加’s来表示所有关系,叫做名词所有格。

名词所有格的用法:一、名词+ ’s (主要用于有生命的事物)1、单数名词和不以-s结尾的复数名词在词尾加’s构成所有格例如:Jimmy’s book(吉米的书)Jane’s schoolbag(简的书包)Mark’s room (马克的房间)Qianqian’s mother (倩倩的妈妈)Children’s Day(儿童的节日、六一儿童节)Wuhan’s summer is very hot.(武汉的夏天非常热。

)Qianqian ’s math is very good.(倩倩的数学很好。

)2、复数名词以-s结尾的只需要加’构成所有格。

例如:Twins’ father is Mr. Brown. (双胞胎的爸爸是布朗先生。

)Girls’ favorite food is ice-cream. (女孩们最喜欢的食物是冰激凌。

)二、名词+of +名词如果名词是无生命的,我们通常就要用名词+of +名词的结构来表示所有关系。

例如:A bag of mine= my bag (我的书包)The name of the girl =the girl’s name (女孩的名字)The window of the bedroom = the bedroom’s window(卧室的窗户)三、特殊所有格若一样东西为两人共有,则后一个人名用所有格;如果不是两人共有,而是各有各的,则两个名词都用所有格,且其后名词应为复数。

例如:This is Tom and Jim’s room.这是汤姆和吉姆共有的房间。

These are Tom’s and Jim’s rooms.这些是汤姆和杰森各自的房间。

an hour and a half’s walk (步行一个半小时的路程)四.'s所有格所修饰的词的省略现象(1)表示诊所、店铺或某人的家等地点名词,其名词所有格后的被修饰语常常省略。

例如:I met her at the doctor's(office).我在诊所遇见了她。

He has gone to the tailor's(shop).他到服装店去了。

She went to Mr.Black's(house)yesterday.她昨天到布莱克先生家去了。

(2)名词所有格所修饰的词,如果前面已经提到过,往往可以省略,以免重复。

例如:Whose pen is this?It's Tom's.这是谁的钢笔?是汤姆的。

The bike is not mine,but Wang Pinpin's.这辆自行车不是我的,是王品品的。

五.双重所有格及其用法's所有格和of所有格两种所有格形式结合在一起,构成"of+所有格"形式,即双重的所有格。

它通常表示部分观念,即全体中的一部分,在意义上与"one of..."相似,它主要修饰of短语之前的那个名词。

此外,双重所有格与指示代词连用时,常带有感情色彩,如赞赏、不满、厌恶等。

它的主要形式如下:1.名词+of+名词性物主代词。

例如:a good friend of mine 我的一个好朋友an interesting story of his 他的有趣的经历2.名词+of+'s所有格。

例如:He is a friend of my sister's.(=one of my sister's friends)他是我姐姐的一个朋友Look at that long nose of Jack's.看杰克的那个长鼻子。

(感情色彩)试比较:a picture of Xiao Zhang 小张(本人)的照片a picture of Xiao Zhang's 小张(具有的照片中)的一张照片3.不定冠词、数词、某些不定代词(some,any,many,no,few等)以及which等限定词,一般不与形容词性物主代词或's所有格等一起放在名词前修饰名词,而采用of所有格或双重所有格形式。

例如:most of the students 学生中的大多数three of them 他们中的三个人I have read some books of his.我读过他的一些书Which book of Qiong Yao's have you read?你读过琼瑶的哪一本书?A.'s所有格、of所有格和双重所有格三者之间的细微区别请仔细比较下面三句话:1.She is Mary's brother's friend.2.She is a friend of Mary's brother.3.She is a friend of Mary's brother's.1句用的是's所有格,侧重说明她和Mary的哥哥是朋友关系,突出friend一词。

2句用的是of所有格,侧重说明她和Mary的哥哥是朋友关系,强调突出了Mary's brother。

3句用的是双重所有格,侧重说明Mary哥哥的朋友不止是一个,她只是其中的一个。

一.用所给词的适当形式填空:1.March 8th is __________Day. (woman).2.Taking twenty __________(分钟) exercise every day is good for your health.3.The shop sells ____________(妇女) handbags.4.Teachers in western countries have a __________(三个月的) holiday in a year.5.I’ll give my English teacher a card for ____________Day. (teacher).二.选择填空:1.----How’s Joy’s skirt?----Her skirt is more beautiful than ________.A.her sister’s and KateB.her sister and KateC.her sister and Kate’sD.her sister’s and Kate’s2.This is _______ room. The twin sisters like it very much.A.Lucy’s and Lily’sB.Lucy’s and LilyC.Lucy and Lily’s3.In ______ time, those mountains will be covered with trees, too.A.few yearsB.a few years’C.a few yearD.a few year’s4.Did you hear the ___________report?A. policemenB. policemen’sC. policemens’D. policemens5.It’s about __________walk from my home.A. ten minuteB. ten minutes’C. ten minute’sD. ten minutes6.This is my dress. That one is ______________.A. MaryB. Mary’sC. sisterD. mother7.Where is ___________ sweater ? I can’t see it.A. LucyB. LucysC. Lucy’s8.__________ mothers made them have piano lessons.A. Peter and AnneB. Peter’s and Anne’sC. P eter’s and AnneD. Peter and Anne’s9.We’ll have a ____________ holiday. What about going to the West Lake?A. two daysB. two-dayC. two-daysD. two-days’(两天的假期:two days’ holiday/two-dayholiday)10.The market isn’t far from here. It’s only ___________ bicycle ride.A. half an hours’B. half an hour’sC. half an hourD. an hour and a half11.The twin brothers always put small presents in ___________stockings on Christmas Day.A. each other’sB. each otherC. each othersD. each o thers’12.My father will have a _________ holiday next month. He’ll take me to Qingdao.A. ten daysB. ten days’C. ten-daysD. ten day’s13.When we saw the film Hero, I sat between Ted and Ben. That is to say my seat was between ____________.A. Ted and BenB. Ted’s and BenC. Ted and Ben’sD. Ted’s and Ben’s14.It is said that SARS has killed more than _______________ people worldwide.A. three hundredsB. three hundreds’C. three hundred’sD. three hundred25.Kate won the _______ race in the summer sports meeting.A. 100-metreB. 100-metresC. 100 metreD. 100 metre’s (同12题)A. two week’s timeB. two weeks’ timeC. two week timeD. two weeks time三.翻译。

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