3. 根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯， 请体会：
e.g. 1949 was the year in which the P.R.C. was founded.
1) The book ___o_f_w_h_i_c_h_ I heard was written 20 years ago.
2) The people ___to__w_h_o_m__ the man spoke weren’t listening.
名词/代词 + 定语从句
1. 被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 2. 引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系代词：who, whom(作宾语成分）, whose, that, which
关系副词：when（时间）, where（地点）,why （原因）
关系代词
关系副词
起连词作用，本
即起连接作用，
身又作从句中的主语、 本身又在从句中作时
They lived in a house, the door of which open to the south.
四.限制和非限制性定语从句: restrictive attributive clause(无逗号) non- restrictive attributive clause(有逗号)
. Xi hua who I met across in the street a few days ago has gone abroad.
Xi hua ,who I met across in the street a few days ago has gone abroad.
五.一般说来,定语从句总是紧跟在先行词的后面,但 有时候定语从句与先行词之间被其他成分分隔开 来,这样的句子叫分隔定语从句.
Why/ for which
3) The reason ______ Peter is so happy is that he passed the exam.
4) I remember the day _W_h_e_n_/o_n wmhyichfather died. I was only ten years old at that time.
六、由as引导的定语从句
as可作为关系代词来引导定语从句。
1. such … as…“像……一样的”，“像……之 类”
the same…as…“和……同样的
在这两个句型中，as是关系代词，其中 such&same做定语，修饰主句的名词、代 词，这个名词是这个定语从句的先行词， as在从句中担任主、宾、表。
This is the cara_b_o_u_twhich we talked .
This is the car _o_f__which the window was broken
2. 根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯 搭配，如：
e.g. Can you explain to me how to use these idioms with which I’m not familiar.
❖ 所以先行词在定语从句中不再出现, 也不用其他词代替
Bill is a boy who I teach him.
引导词
关
who
系
whom
代
which
词
that
whose
(=of whom/which)
关
where
系
(=介词+which)
副
when
词
(=介词+ which)
why (= for which)
1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系，请体会：
This is year.
the
car /____which
I
bought
last
This is the car _f_o_r_which I paid 100$.
This is the car _o_n__which I spent 100$. This is the car _i_n__which I go to work every day.
例如：This is the same thing as we are in need of.
2. …such as… such为代词，意思为”这样的人/物“，as修饰 先行词such。 例如：This book is not such as I hope.
3. the same…as… “和…同样的 “ the same… that… “同一个” 来引导定语从句。意思几乎相同。但从句中省 去谓语时必须用as.
1.This is the park (that )we visited last year. This is the park where we held a birthday party.
2.She won’t forget the days (that )she spent on the island. She won’t forget the days when they stayed together.
1、引导作用 2、替代作用
3、在定语从句中担当某个成分的作用
Eg: 1.Those who want to go please should be ready.
2. Bill, who was my student , asked me questions.
❖ 关系词引导定语从句，同时指代先 行词在 定语从句中充当的成分
6) The gun _b_y_w__h_ic_h___ he was shot was never found.
三.Whose引起从句可转换为“ of +关系代词” 型，即 the+ n + of +which/whom 如： e.g. They live in a house, whose door opens to the south. They lived in a house, of which the door opens to the south.
一.that和which
This is the carw__it_h_o_u_t which I can’t go to work. This is the car _b_y__which the old man was knocked down This is the car _a_t__which a boy threw a stone.
基本结构
He was holding onto a tree that grew against the wall. 还原
主句: He was holding onto a tree. 从句：A tree grew against the wall.
定语从句相当于一个形容词，跟在名词或代词后修饰该 名词或代词。
the Party. 2、Where指地点，在定语从句中充当地点状语。
This is the place where(in which) we lived ten
years ago. 3、Why指原因，在定语从句中充当原因状语。
I know the reason why(for which) she was so
angry.
关系副词when, where和关系代词that, which的区分。
同样是修饰一个地点，有时使用where，有时使 用that/which；同样是修饰一个时间，有时使 用when， 有时使用that/which。这主要看两 点：一：先行词在从句中所作成分；二：是定语 从句中的谓语动词是否是一个及物动词。
3) The film ___in_w__h_ic_h__ I fell asleep was very boring.
4) The pen __w_it_h_w_h_i_c_h_ she wrote that book can now be seen in a museum.
5) The little creature _in__w_h_ic_h____ scientists are interested is known as ET.
用关系副词和关系代词
（1）This is the factory __B______ I visited last year. （2）This is the factory ___A____ I worked last year. （3）This is the factory ___B____ produces all kinds of TV sets. A. where B. which C. whom D. whose
宾语、表语或定语 间、地点或原因状语
who,whom(…的人） when(…的时候，修
whose(某人的…） 饰的时间名词)
which(…东西t(…的人或物，指 饰场所、方位等名词)
物或人）
why(…原因；…理
as(象…那样的，和… 由)
相同，正如)
关系代词和关系副词的作用：
定语从句
The Attributive Clause
知识准备
什么是定语： 用来修饰名词或代词的词、短语、从句。
.
4.定语 修饰和限定名词和代词的词。通常由形容词，代 词(多为形容词性物主代词），数词，介词短语，动词不 定式，分词和从句（定语从句）来担当。
a kind girl, a book on the desk I have homework to finish. the fallen leaves the boy who is very smart
5) Please give me the reason _w_h_y___ you were late this time.