托福阅读陷阱类偷换概念题解题思路实例讲解托福阅读中常有考生遇到这种情况，一道题目明明看懂了对应的*内容，选择时却还是出现了错误，今天给大家来托福阅读陷阱类偷换概念题解题思路实例讲解，希望能够帮助到大家，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
托福阅读陷阱类偷换概念题解题思路实例讲解托福阅读偷换概念陷阱题实例讲解托福阅读想要取得高分，我们一定要警惕其中的陷阱题型，比如偷换概念题。
下面我们一起来看一道题：例题：Paragraph 5: Even the kind ofstability defined as simple lack of change is not always associated withmaximum diversity. At least in temperate zones, maximum diversity is oftenfound inmid-successional stages, not in the climax community. Once a redwoodforest matures, for example, the kinds of species and the number of individualsgrowing on the forest floor are reduced. In general, diversity, by itself, doesnot ensure stability. Mathematicalmodels of ecosystems likewise suggest thatdiversity does not guarantee ecosystem stability—just the opposite, in fact. Amore complicated system is, in general, more likely than a simple system tobreak down. A fifteen-speed racing bicycle is more likely to break down than achild’s tricycle.Which of the following can be inferredfrom paragraph 5 about redwood forests?A. They become less stable as theymature.B. They support many species when theyreach climax.C. They are found in temperate zones.D. They have reduced diversity duringmid-successional stages.思路解析：推断题(inference question)和事实信息题、否定信息题一样，以“找关键词+定位”为切入点。
本题的关键词是redwood forest, 回到原文定位到第三句：Once a redwoodforest matures, for example, the kinds of species and the number of individualsgrowing on the forest floor are reduced. 这句话的意思是：例如，红杉树林一旦成熟，其中的物种数量以及单个物种的数量都会减少。
看懂了这句话的我们立即迫不及待的去搜索选项，却发现这句话的内容是无法与任何选项匹配的。
于是，我们意识到，只阅读这句话的信息量是不够的，我们需要关注推断题定位范围的放大现象。
关注到本句中有个关键词：for example, 意味着本句是例子，一定和前句的内容相关。
所以我们来看前句：At least intemperate zones, maximum diversity is often found inmid-successional stages,not in the climax community. 至少在温带地区，会经常在演替过程中发现最多物种，而不是在顶极群落中。
发现三个选项中关键词climax,temperate, mid-successional stages 在原文中都可以找到对应，并且B，D选项都与这句话所叙述内容相反可以很容易排除。
接下来我们来看C选项：They are foundin temperate zones. 有很多同学就卡在这里了，他们认为原文说在温带地区，最多物种是在演替过程中，而不是在顶级群落，说明物种多样性和温带地区相关，没有证据表明redwood forest和温带地区相关，于是很多同学在纠结之后选到了A选项：They become lessstable as they mature. 当它们成熟的时候它们变得更不稳定了。
这类同学认为Once a redwood forest matures, forexample, the kinds of species and the number of individuals growing on theforest floor are reduced.红杉树林一旦成熟，其中的物种数量以及单个物种的数量都会减少，然后想当然的认为物种减少就代表稳定性降低，但是我们仔细读第一句：Even the kindof stability defined as simplelack of change is not always associated withmaximum diversity. 即使是这种被定义为简单地缺乏变化的稳定性并非总是与最多样的物种联系起来。
简单来说，本句表达的含义是：稳定性和最大多样性是没有关联的，所以不能选A。
实际上这道题是典型的主题+例证类推理题，例子是来说明主题的，所以例子的特征应该是与主题中所描述的特征一致的，即redwoodforests are found in temperate zones.所以，同学们一定要警惕片面的追求选项和原文间信息的匹配，忽略了“选项首先对问题负责”这一基本的答题态度，最终导致学生根本无法识别ETS命题组精心编织的偷换概念类的选项特征。
托福阅读材料：十大热门求婚地点Traditional marriage proposals could soon be consigned to the history books – with almost half of them now happening at home in front of the TV.传统的求婚方式可能很快就只在历史书里出现了，现在几乎有一半的求婚是在家里看电视的时候完成的。
A study of newlyweds has found modern men are ditching age-old traditional proposal custom in favour of a more lacklustre approach.一项针对新婚夫妇的调查发现，现代人渐渐地不再遵循传统的求婚习俗，而更倾向于没有惊喜的平凡求婚方式。
The study found only a third of men now go down on one knee to pop the question as their fathers and grandfathers’ generations would have done.研究发现，只有三分之一的男性现在还会像他们的父辈和祖辈那样单膝下跪求婚。
And the age-old tradition of asking the bride’s father for her hand in marriage is also on the verge of dying out with 63% of recently married males claiming they “didn’t bother”.而另一项古老的传统——就结婚事宜请求新娘父亲的首肯——也在慢慢消失，有63%的新婚男性说他们不再“这么费事了”。
Even the idea of picking a romantic location to propose hasfal len by the wayside, with the typical ‘Will you marry me?’ now most likely to take place at home.连选一个浪漫求婚地点的想法也乏人问津了。
那句经典的“你愿意嫁给我么?”大多是在家里说出来的。
十大热门求婚地点猜猜第一名是哪里?Only six percent bothered to take their partner abroad on holiday – but the same number of men proposed in the local pub –and 5.5% popped the question in the car.只有6%的人会花心思把他们的伴侣带到国外度假然后求婚，但是也有6%的男性在当地酒吧就求了婚，还有5.5%在汽车上求婚。
The study also found the average amount of time in a relationship before a proposal is now three years – so British women are taking matters into their own hands in a bid to get a proposal.研究还发现求婚前平均恋爱时间是三年，所以英国女性们都会自己想办法让他们的伴侣向他们求婚。
Almost a third of women 29% now end up choosing their own ring, rather than letting their partner decide.约有三分之一(29%)的女性现在连戒指都是自己选，而不是让他们的伴侣选。
The typical bride-to-be will also enlist the help of at least one friend to help speed up a proposal – as well as dropping two major engagement hints to encourage their partner to pop the question.一般准新娘也会至少让一个朋友帮忙推进求婚的进程，比如抛出两个重要的关于订婚的暗示来鼓动伴侣早些求婚。