定语从句长难句分析
1.Thesediscoverieshaveledtothefieldknownasneuroeconomics,whichstudiestheb rain’ssecretstosuccessinaneconomicenvironmentthatdemandsinnovationand being able to do things differently from competitors.
译文：这些发现带来了神经经济学领域的出现，神经经济学研究的是经济环境下大脑胜利的秘诀，这个经济需要创新，需要和竞争者做例外的事情。
解析：which引导的是一个非限制性定语从句，因为neuroeconomics是一个专有名词，在语法中，是需要非限制性定语从句修饰的。
同时，这也是一个嵌套定语从句，也就是从句套从句，在which引导的非限制性从句中还包含着一个that引导的从句修饰economic environment.
2.Those who are professionally engaged in the art of interpreting history are thus in
adifficultposition,astheymuststeeranarrowcoursebetweenthedemandsof‘evidence’an d‘attractiveness’,especiallygiventheincreasingneedintheheritageindustry and income-generating activities.
译文：那些专门从事诠释历史的人面临着一个困境，他们需要在证据的要求和参观者对于吸引力的要求之间做出权衡，特别是考虑到历史遗产产业对于创收活动不断增长的要求。
解析：who are professionally engaged in the art of interpreting history是定语从句修饰前面代词。
这里的as引导的是原因状语从句。
Given引导条件状语从句，意为“鉴于”。
3.In the second half of the 18th century, we already find advocates of this view, suchasJosephPriestley,whoseRudimentsofEnglishGrammar(1761)insiststhat‘thecusto m of Speaking is the original and only just standard of any language’.
译文：在18世纪中后期，我们已经发现了这一观点的支持者，比如JosephPriestley,他1761年出版的《英语语法入门》一书中坚持认为：说话的习惯是最基本的也是任何语言的唯一标准。
解析：这是一个whose引导的定语从句，whose相当于is，insist引导一个宾语从句。
4.Time goes fast for one who has a sense of beauty, when there are pretty children
inapoolandayoungDianaontheedge,toreceivewithwonderanythingyoucancatch!
解析：本句是由一个主句（Timegoesfast）和两个定语从句（who...和youcancatch）和一个状语从句（when...）组成。
You can catch前省略了that。
译文：对一个有美感，能以好奇心接收你所能抓到的任何东西的人来说，时间总是过得很快，比如当戏水池里有几个可爱的孩子，池边还有一位如戴安娜似的的年青女子时。
5.In most situations where music is performed in our culture, it is not difficult to dis-tinguish the audience from the performers, but such is often not the case in Africa.解析：where引出的定语从句修饰situations,进一步说明situations的情况。
译文：在我们的文化环境中表演音乐节目时，大多数情况下不难将观众与表演者区分开来，但在非洲，情况往往相反。
6.In one experiment, subjects aged 6 to 22 were shown drawings of female faces thathad different sized pupils, and asked to choose the one which was “happier“.全句主语是subjects,有两个并列谓语were shown和and asked，都是被动语态，thathaddifferentsizedpupils是定语从句作drawingsoffemalefaces的定语,which was “happier”是定语从句作the one的定语，过去分词短语aged 6 to 22是subjects的后置定语。