GRAMMER 语法
虚拟语气 Subjunctive Mood (I)
(The Subjunctive Mood)表示说话人所说的 话不是事实, 而是一种假设, 愿望, 怀疑或推 测。
二. ‘if ’虚拟条件句的概念
由 ‘if’ 引导的虚拟条件句叫作 ‘if’ 虚拟条件句 I could easily recognize him if I had seen before.
b. If the world-war _b_u_r_s_t (burst) out again, what _w_o_u__ld__h_a_p_p_e_n_ (happen) to our people on earth?
c. If the policeman _w_e_r_e_n__o_t (be not) in that room, it _c_o_u_l_d_b__e (be) very dangerous.
help me with my physics.
(6) 假如他明天来，他会帮助我复习物理 的。
(7) (6) If he should see me tomorrow, he
would know me.
(8) 假如他明天看见我，就会认识我了。
(9) 总结: 表示于将来事实相反，
(10)if 从句可用were to ; should+v; 过去式
关于虚拟语气 辩析1
关于虚拟语气 辩析2
关于虚拟语气 辩析3
关于虚拟语气 辩析4
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填 入空白处的最佳选项。
1. — Have you ever been to Beijing?
— No, but I wish I ______.
A. have B. will C. do D. had
If I had a lot of money, I would buy a villa.
If I had a lot of money now, I would travel around the world.
PRACTICE 1: Fill in the blanks.
a. If they _w_e_r_e(be) here, they w__o_u_ld__t_a_k_e_ (take) your advice.
If he _h__a_d_d_r_i_v_e_n (drive)more carefully, hew_o_u_l_d_n__o_t _h_a_v_e_h_a_d__ ( not have)the car accident yesterday.
PRACTICE 2: Fill in the blanks.
三. if Sentence Structure ‘if ’虚拟条件句的结构
a. 表示与现在事实相反的假设 b. 表示与过去事实相反的假设 c. 表示与将来事实相反的假设
观察1：
(1) If I were you, I should finish my homework at first.
(2) 如果我是你，我会先完成家庭作业。
现在
过去时 (were)
would/could/shou ld/might +v. (原)
条件 If 从句的谓 主句的谓语形式 从句 语形式
would/could/shoul 过去 过去完成时 d/might + have+
p.p.
条件 If 从句的谓语 主句的谓语形式
从句 形式
未来 1. 过去时
C. would be; would pay
D. were; would pay
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5. I wish that you ______ such a bad
headache because I’m sure that
you would have enjoyed the
concert.
A. wouldn’t have
(3) (2) If I had time, I would go there. (4) 如果我有空，我会去那儿。 (5) 总结1： 表示与现在事实相反， (6) if 从句用过去时were, V+ed, (7) 主句用would/should/could+ V.(原形)
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If I won the lottery, I would buy an expensive car.
2. If there were no water in the world,
everything ______.
A. will die
B. would die
C. would have died D. have died
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3. I wish that I ______ with you last night.
A. could have gone B. could go
C. have gone
D. went
4. If I ______ you, I ______ more
attention to English idioms and
phrases.
A. was; shall pay B. am; will pay
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PRACTICE 3: Fill in the blanks a. If there _sh_o_u__ld__b_e (be) no natural
resource any more, we s_h_o_u_l_d__m_a_k_e_ (make) use of nuclear power. b. What w__o_u_ld__h_a_p_p_e_n_ (happen) if you _sh__o_u_ld__g_e_t_u_p_ (get up) too late tomorrow?
c. If Robots _w_e_r_e_t_o__c_o_n_tr_o_l (control) the world some day, here _w_o_u_l_d_b__e (be) no friendship.
一. 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。
条件 If 从句的谓语 主句的谓语形式 从句 形式
2. 与过去的事实相反
从句的谓语用had＋过去分词, 构成If I (we, you, he, they)＋had＋过去分词的 形式； 主句的谓语用should(第一人称)/would (第二、三人称) /could/might have ＋动 词过去分词。
If we had reviewed the text, we should have pass the exam.
would/could/
2. should+ v. should/ might
3. were to do +v. (原)
二. 虚拟语气在wish后面的宾语从句中的用法
1) 表示对现在情况的虚拟: 从句动词 用过去式 (be动词一般用were) 。
2) I wish I had a big house of my own.
B. dn’t have
C. hadn’t had
D. haven’t had
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The end
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Homework
句型练习 (用If I were you句型翻译下 列句子)
1. 我要是你的话, 我就会把英语学好。 2. 如果你昨天来, 你就会看见他。 3. 万一明天下雨, 我们就不到那儿去。 4. 我希望我十年前认识他。 5. 他对待我就像对待他自己的儿子一样。
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(11) 主句用would/should + v. (原)
If you succeeded, everything would be all right. If you should succeed, everything would be all right. If you were to succeed, everything would be all right.
d. If I _w_e_r_e (be) in your position, I _w_o_u__ld__a_sk_ (ask) for teacher’s help.
• 观察2：
(3) If you had come earlier, you could have caught that bus.
对过去发生的事情表示遗 憾和后悔。
The party was terrible, I wish I had never gone to it.
(3) 表示对将来的主观愿望: 从句动词形 式为 “ would＋动词原形”。
但愿你立刻来。 I wish you would come soon.
I wish it would rain tomorrow.
a. If Tom _h_a_d__b_e_e_n (be) more careful in the exam, he _w_o_u_l_d__h_a_v_e_p_a_s_s_e_d (pass) it already.
b. If you _h_a_d__g_o_t (get) up earlier, you w__o_u_ld__h_a_v_e__ca_u__g_h_t (catch) the first train.
c. If I h__a_d_m__e_t (meet) you yesterday, we _w_o_u_l_d_h_a_v_e__g_o_n_e (go) to the concert together.
观察3： (5) If he were to come tomorrow, he should
I wish I were as tall as you.