2019 大学英语四级备考笔记：翻译练习1中国烹 (Chinese cuisine) 文化是中国文化中相关烹和休的重要成部分。
中国悠久的史、广袤的疆土、好客的俗孕育了个独特。
中餐以其“色、香、味、形”俱全而著称。
它究原料的配、食物的地、佐料(seasonings) 的制、切菜的刀功、适的烹以及装。
最盛名的菜系有南方粤菜、北方菜、部淮菜和西部川菜，以“南淡北咸，甜西辣” 称。
句 1：中国烹 (Chinese cuisine) 文化是中国文化中相关烹和休的重要成部分。
思路点：“⋯是⋯” 构的句子能翻成使用be 的主系表构本句中然出的“相关⋯”，但仔揣摩其意思是“在⋯方面”，故in the aspect of.Chinese cuisine culture is an important part of Chineseculture in the aspect of cooking and leisure.句2：中国悠久的史、广袤的疆土、好客的俗孕育了个独特。
思路点：本句的主是三个并列的偏正短，如果按照原有的序翻成英文。
主太，不符合英的表达。
所以，本句翻将主和互，同将“孕育了”意owe⋯to ⋯( 将⋯因于，将⋯功于 ) ，三个并列的短作介 to 的。
This unique art owes itself to the long history, vastterritory and hospitable tradition of China.句 3：中餐以其“色、香、味、形”俱全而著称。
思路点：本句中“以⋯而著称”用be famous for来表示;“形”不是“形状”，而是“外”，appearance; “俱全” perfect combination of.Chinese food is famous for its perfect combination of“color, aroma, taste and appearance”.句4：它究原料的配、食物的地、佐料 (seasonings) 的制、切菜的刀功、适的烹以及装。
思路点：本句中“ 究”即是“注重”，故 gives emphasis to; “ 地”不是“ 量”，不可 quality,texture.“佐料的制”、“切菜的刀功”、“适的烹”和“装”依次 the blending of seasonings techniques 、the perfect timing of cooking out the food on the plate.、slicing和 the art of layingIt gives emphasis to the selection of raw materials,the texture of food, the blending of seasonings, slicingtechniques, the perfect timing of cooking and the art oflaying out the food on the plate.句5：最盛名的菜系有南方粤菜、北方菜、部淮菜和西部川菜，以“南淡北咸，甜西辣” 称。
思路点：本句可用介 Among置于句首的倒装句型，表示众多最盛名的菜系“有⋯” ; 后半句是前半句内容的充明，能用去分短 noted as ⋯( 以⋯著称 ) 种非来取消句子的独立性，同也增加了句子的奏感。
“菜系”即是“派”，用school 合适，不能其他。
原文中没有“味道”二字，但稍微注意一下便可得知“南淡北咸，甜西辣” 的就是“味道”，所以翻把“味道” (flavor) 翻出来。
Among the best-known schools of cuisine are theCantonese cuisine of the south, the Shandong cuisine of thenorth, the Huai-Yang cuisine of the east and the Sichuancuisine of the west, noted as“the light flavor of the south,the salty flavor of the north, the sweet flavor of the eastand the spicy- hot flavor of the west”.2筷子 (chopsticks)是最能反映中国食文化特色和的重要象征之一。
筷子有着悠久的史，相关筷子的能追溯到 3000 多年以前。
无到何何地，中国人吃都很离开筷子。
此外，筷子能作礼 (etiquette) 、、寄情、收藏的特殊工品和礼品。
如今，筷子已出在全世界很多国家的餐桌上，西方流行起了“ 了您的健康，您拿起筷子来”的潮。
句1：筷子 (chopsticks) 是最能反映中国食文化特色和的重要象征之一。
思路点：本句的句子主干“筷子是⋯之一”，chopsticks are one of ⋯; “最能反映中国食文化特色和”可理成定从句，来修“重要象征”，that can most reflectthe characteristics and traditions of Chinese foodculture 。
“象征” symbol.： Chopsticks are one of the important symbols that canmost reflect the characteristics and traditions of Chinesefood culture.句2：筷子有着悠久的史，相关筷子的能追溯到3000 多年以前。
思路点：本句可理成and 接的并列句。
句中“悠久的”可用 long 来表达 ; “相关⋯的” the records of ⋯; “追溯到” be traced back to 。
Chopsticks have a long history and the records ofthem can be traced back to more than 3000 years ago.句 3：无到何何地，中国人吃都很离开筷子。
思路点：本句中“无到何何地”可理成状; 后面部分可用句型“ it is + “离开筷子”即“没有筷子”，可形容 +for sb. to do sth.without chopsticks.”。
Wherever and whenever, it is hard for Chinese peopleto have meals without chopsticks.句4：此外，筷子能作礼 (etiquette) 、、寄情、收藏的特殊工品和礼品。
思路点：本句中“⋯能作⋯”可理成⋯can be usedas⋯的形式。
“此外”能 in addition; “ ”可 gifting; “寄情”即“表达情感”，可 expressing feelings 。
In addition, chopsticks can also be used as specialhandicrafts and presents for etiquette, gifting, expressingfeelings and collection.点注：句 1：白色染指的是塑料染(plastic pollution)。
“指的是”可refer to.White pollution refers to plastic pollution.句 2：不可回收的 (unrecyclable)塑料午餐盒沿途到都是。
Unrecyclable plastic lunch boxes are all along roads.句3：塑料购物袋在空中飞扬。
“在空中飞扬”可译为 dance in the wind.Plastic shopping bags dance in the wind.句4：如果我们继续使用这些会发生什么呢 ? Ifwe continue using them, what would happen?句5：有一天，它们会将我们埋葬在白色垃圾堆中。
“会将我们埋葬在白色垃圾堆中”可译为 might bury us in anocean of white rubbish.One day they might bury us in an ocean of white rubbish.句 6：那时的地球—我们共同的家园将成为一个垃圾桶(dustbin)。
Then the earth, our common homeland, would be a dustbin.句7：为防止这个噩梦成为现实，政府间应该互相紧密合作并将口头承诺付诸实际行动。
“为防止这个噩梦成为现实”译为目的状语：To prevent this nightmare from coming true;“互相紧密合作”译为work closelywith each other; “将口头承诺付诸实际行动”译为 back up theirverbal commitment by actions.译： To prevent this nightmare from coming true,governments need to work closely with each other and backup their verbal commitment by actions.句8：同时，我们理应从自身做起，为绿色环保出一份力。
“从自身做起”译为： start from ourselves.： We, as individuals, should start from ourselves tohelp protect the green environment.White pollution refers to plastic pollution. Unrecyclableplastic lunch boxes are all along roads. Plastic shopping bagsdance in the wind. If we continue using them, what wouldhappen? One day they might bury us in an ocean of whiterubbish. Then the earth, our common homeland, would be adustbin. To prevent this nightmare from coming true,governments need to work closely with each other and back uptheir verbal commitment by actions. We, as individuals, shouldstart from ourselves to help protect the green environment.3唐朝 (Tang Dynasty) 被史学家是中国文明最煌的期。