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专业英语复习要点——土木工程专业英语-PPT文档
土木工程专业英语
Civil engineering and civil engineers
They also build privately owned facilities such as airports, railroads, pipelines, skyscrapers, and other large structures designed for industrial, commercial, or residential use. 他们也修建私人拥有的设施,如机场、铁路、管线、高楼大厦,和为工 业、商业、民用设计的其他大型建筑。 Because it is so broad,civil engineering is subdivided into a number of technical specialties. 因为土木工程的范围太广,所以它被细分为许多技术专业。
Environmental specialists study the project’s impact on the local area: the potential for air and groundwater pollution,the project’s impact on local animal and plant life,and how the project can be designed to meet government requirements aimed at protecting the environment. 环境专家要研究工程对当地区域的影响:潜在的空气污染和地下水污 染,工程对当地动植物的影响,以及工程怎样设计才能满足政府对保护环 境的要求。
土木工程专业英语
Organization of this text
Structural engineering (结构工程) Water resources engineering (水资源工程) Geotechnical engineering (岩土工程) Environmental engineering (环境工程) Transportation engineering (运输工程)
Pipeline engineering (管道工程)
Construction engineering (建筑工程) Community and urban planning (社区和城市规划)
Photogrametry,surveying,and mapping (摄影测量、勘测和制图)
Engineering management (工程管理) Engineering teaching (工程教学)
试题结构形式
1. Translate the words and phrases into Chinese:(20%) 2. Translate the words பைடு நூலகம்nd phrases into English:(20%)
3. Translate the paragraphs into Chinese:(25%)
土木工程专业英语
Civil engineering and civil engineers
Civil engineering,the oldest of the engineering specialties,is the planning , design , construction, and management of the built environment.This environment includes all structures built according to scientific principles , from irrigation and drainage systems to rocketlaunching facilities. 土木工程,最老的工程专业,是建筑环境的规划、设计、施工和管 理。这个环境包括从灌溉和排水系统到火箭发射设施的所有根据科学原 理建造的结构物。 Civil engineers build roads , bridges , tunnels , dams , harbors , power plants , water and sewage systems , hospitals , schools , mass transit,and other public facilities essential to modern society and large population concentrations. 土木工程师修建道路、桥梁、隧道、大坝、港口、发电站、水系统和 污水系统,医院、学校、公共交通系统,以及现代化社会和大量人口集 中的地方所必需的其他公共设施。
4. Translate the paragraphs into English:(15%)
5. Write a short paragraph(20%)
评分要点 (1)词汇:拼写正确、符合专业性要求(7%) (2)句子:语法正确、结构符合专业英语特点(7%) (3)段落:整体意义描述合理得体(6%)
土木工程专业英语
Structural engineering 结构工程 Using computers,structural engineers determine the forces a structure must resist:its own weight, wind and hurricane forces, temperature changes that expand or contract construction materials,and earthquakes. 结构工程师用计算机确定结构必须抵抗的力:自重、风力、引起建筑材 料膨胀或收缩的温度变化以及地震力。 They also determine the combination of appropriate materials:steel, concrete,plastic,stone,asphalt,brick,aluminum,or other construction materials. 他们还确定适当的材料组合:钢材、混凝土、塑料、石料、沥青、砖、 铝或其他的建筑材料。
Geotechnical specialists perform soil experiments to determine if the earth can bear the weight of the project.
岩土工程专家要做土工试验以确定该土是否能承受这项工程的重量。
土木工程专业英语
Environmental Engineering 环境工程