多路径生产仿真模型S11085240007 物流工程一、实验名称：多路径生产仿真模型二、实验目的1）了解结合路径path的系统设计。

2）熟悉系统元素Part、Machine、Buffer、Variable、Labor、Attribute的用法。

3）深入研究系统元素Machine的用法。

4）研究机器、缓冲区结合路径以及劳动者之间协作所形成系统的运行效率。

三、实验设备仪器计算机、Witness仿真软件四、实验内容1、元素定义（Define）本系统的元素定义如表1所示。

表1 实体元素定义元素名称类型数量说明Back Part 1 部件Seat Part 1 部件Legs Part 1 部件B1buffer 1 缓冲区B2buffer 1 缓冲区B3buffer 1 缓冲区Paint_Q buffer 1 缓冲区Inspection_Q buffer 1 缓冲区Packing_Q buffer 1 缓冲区path1Path 1 路径Path2Path 1 路径Path3Path 1 路径Path4Path 1 路径Path5Path 1 路径Assembly machine 1 组装机器Painting machine 1 染色机器Inspection machine 1 检验机器Packing machine 1 包装机器Inspector labor 1 质检员x variable 1 变量attribute c 1 属性2、元素可视化（Display）设置各个实体元素的显示特征定义设置如下图所示3、元素细节（Detail）设计1对Part各元素细节设计●可视化效果设定●属性定义：seat.Arrival Type＝Activeseat.inter Arrival=2.0back.Arrival Type＝Activeback.inter Arrival=2.0legs.Arrival Type＝Activelegs.inter Arrival=2.0●规则定义：seat’s output Rules：PUSH to B1back’s output Rules：PUSH to B2legs’ output Rules：PUSH to B32对Buffer各元素细节设计display 选项中对话框对buffer icon 、name、part queue属性进行设置；3对Machine各元素的细节设计属性定义：Assembly.Type=AssemblyAssembly.Cycle Time=6.0Assembly. Input Quantity=3；！机器Assembly的输入零部件数量为3个；规则定义：Assembly.Input Rules（From）:MATCH/ANY B1 #(1)B2 #(1)B3 #(1) ！匹配缓冲区B1、B2、B3中的任意类型的part各一个；Assembly.Output Rules（To）:PUSH to Paint_Q Using Path ！通过路径将成品送至缓冲区Paint_Q；活动定义：Assembly.actions on finish：3.1）对machine元素Assembly的详细定义：属性定义：♦Assembly.Type=Assembly♦Assembly.Cycle Time=6.0♦Assembly. Input Quantity=3；！机器Assembly的输入零部件数量为3个；规则定义：Assembly.Input Rules（From）:♦MATCH/ANY B1 #(1)B2 #(1)B3 #(1) ！匹配缓冲区B1、B2、B3中的任意类型的part各一个；Assembly.Output Rules（To）:♦PUSH to Paint_Q Using Path ！通过路径将成品送至缓冲区Paint_Q；活动定义：Assembly.actions on finish：♦ICON = 115！通过变换图标，表示seat、back、legs组装成了一把白色椅子；3.2）对machine元素inspection的详细定义：属性定义：♦inspection.Type=Single♦inspection.Cycle Time=3.0♦bor＝Inspector规则定义：inspection.Input Rules（From）:♦PULL from Inspection_Q ！从缓冲区Inspection_Q中提取零件加工；inspection.Output Rules（To）:♦PERCENT /189 Packing_Q Using Path 90.00 ,Paint_Q With Inspector Using Path 10.00 ！产生随机概率，以90％的概率通过检测，使用路径移向Packing_Q，进行打包；以10％的概率检测出油漆有质量问题，需要人工搬运，通过路径送回缓冲区Paint_Q，排队重新油漆。

PERCENT 命令详细说明参考WITNESS帮助文件。

3.3）对machine元素painting的详细定义：属性定义：♦painting.Type=Single♦painting.Cycle Time=10.0规则定义：painting.Input Rules（From）:♦PULL from Paint_Q ！从缓冲区Paint_Q中提取零件加工；painting.Output Rules（To）:♦PUSH to Inspection_Q Using Path ！通过路径将成品送至缓冲区Inspection_Q；活动定义：painting.actions on finish：！下面这段程序实现等概率将椅子油漆成红、绿、黄三种颜色，并根据颜色对椅子设定属性C＝“red”、“green”、“yellow”。

x = IUNIFORM (1,3,356) ！随机对变量x赋值；ICON = 143IF x = 1PEN = 1C = "red"ELSEIF x = 2PEN = 2C = "green"ELSEPEN = 3C = "yellow"ENDIF3.4）9）对machine元素packing的详细定义：属性定义：♦packing.Type=Assembly♦packing.Cycle Time=4.0♦packing. Input Quantity=4规则定义：packing.Input Rules（From）:♦MATCH/ATTRIBUTE C Packing_Q #(4) ！从缓冲区Packing_Q中提取4各属性C相匹配的part，MATCH命令的用法参看WITNESS帮助文件；packing.Output Rules（To）:♦PUSH to SHIP Using Path ！使用路径将打包好的part送出模型；活动定义：packing.actions on finish：ICON = 1 ！指定一种代表四把同颜色椅子打包后的图标；IF C = "red"PEN = 1ELSEIF C = "green"PEN = 2ELSEPEN = 3ENDIF4对path元素path的详细定义：Path1属性定义：path1. Path traverse time=15.0path1. Path update interval＝0.01path1.Source element＝Assemblypath1. Destination element＝Paint_Qpath2的属性定义：path2. Path traverse time=15.0path2. Path update interval＝0.01path2.Source element＝Inspectionpath2. Destination element＝Packing_Qpath3的属性定义：path3. Path traverse time=10.0path3. Path update interval＝0.01path3.Source element＝Paintingpath3. Destination element＝Inspection_QPath4的属性定义：path4. Path traverse time=10.0path4. Path update interval＝0.01path4.Source element＝Inspectionpath4. Destination element＝Paint_QPath5的属性定义：path5. Path traverse time=5.0path5. Path update interval＝0.01path5.Source element＝Packingpath5. Destination element＝Ship五、实验步骤1．Part元素可视化设置在窗口定义各part元素，鼠标右键点击Display，跳出Display对话框，设置它的name、Icon。

2．Buffer元素可视化设置在窗口定义各个缓冲buffer元素，鼠标右键点击Display，跳出Display对话框，设置它的name、Icon、part queue。

3．Machine元素可视化设置在元素选择窗口选择各个机器元素，鼠标右键点击Display，跳出Display对话框，设置它的name、Icon。

4. labor元素可视化设置在元素选择窗口选择inspector元素，鼠标右键点击Display，跳出Display 对话框，设置它的name、Idle.5.path元素可视化设置分别选择path1、path2、path3、path4、path5，设置它们的name属性项和path属性项，display path对话框如图5.216. 模型运行六、实验结果（数据报告）运行1000分钟的数据报告如下：Name No. Entered No. Shipped No. Scrapped No. Assembled No. Rejected W.I.P.Avg W.I.P. Avg Time Sigma RatingBack 217 20 0 60 284 137 94.34 434.73 6.00Name No. Entered No. Shipped No. Scrapped No. Assembled No. Rejected W.I.P.Avg W.I.P. Avg Time S igma RatingSeat 217 0 0 166 284 51 46.97 216.43 6.00Name No. Entered No. Shipped No. Scrapped No. Assembled No. Rejected W.I.P.Avg W.I.P. Avg Time S igma RatingSeat 217 0 0 166 284 51 46.97 216.43 6.00Name Total In Total Out Now In Max Min Avg Size Avg Time A vg Delay Count Avg Delay TimeB1 217 167 50 50 0 45.97 211.82Name Total In Total Out Now In Max Min Avg Size Avg Time A vg Delay Count Avg Delay TimeB2 217 167 50 50 0 45.97 211.82Name Total In Total Out Now In Max Min Avg Size Avg Time A vg Delay Count Avg Delay TimeB3 217 167 50 50 0 45.97 211.82Name Total In Total Out Now In Max Min Avg Size Avg Time A vg Delay Count Avg Delay TimePaint_Q 174 98 76 76 0 36.93 212.23Name Total In Total Out Now In Max Min Avg Size Avg Time A vg Delay Count Avg Delay TimeInspection_Q 96 96 0 1 0 0.00 0.00Name Total In Total Out Now In Max Min Avg Size Avg Time A vg Delay Count Avg Delay TimePacking_Q 85 80 5 10 0 3.90 45.89Name % Idle % Busy % Filling % Emptying % Blocked % Cycle Wait Labor % Setup % Setup Wait Labor % Broken Down % Repair Wait Labor No. Of Operations Assembly 0.00 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 166Name % Idle % Busy % Filling % Emptying % Blocked % Cycle Wait Labor % Setup % Setup Wait Labor % Broken Down % Repair Wait Labor No. Of Operations Painting 2.10 97.90 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 97Name % Idle % Busy % Filling % Emptying % Blocked % Cycle Wait Labor % Setup % Setup Wait Labor % Broken Down % Repair Wait Labor No. Of Operations Inspection 68.20 28.80 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 96Name % Idle % Busy % Filling % Emptying % Blocked % Cycle Wait Labor % Setup % Setup Wait Labor % Broken Down % Repair Wait Labor No. Of Operations Packing 92.00 8.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 20Name Parts In Parts Out Labor In Labor Out % Busy % Idlepath1 166 164 0 0 99.40 0.60Name Parts In Parts Out Labor In Labor Out % Busy % Idlepath2 86 85 0 0 87.10 12.90Name Parts In Parts Out Labor In Labor Out % Busy % Idlepath3 97 96 0 0 96.90 3.10Name Parts In Parts Out Labor In Labor Out % Busy % Idlepath4 10 10 10 10 10.00 90.00Name Parts In Parts Out Labor In Labor Out % Busy % Idlepath5 20 20 0 0 10.00 90.00Name % Busy % Idle Quantity No. Of Jobs Started No. Of Jobs Ended No. Of Jobs Now No. Of Jobs Pre-empted Avg Job TimeInspector 38.80 61.20 1 106 106 0 0 3.66七、实验结果分析通过这些报表可以看出，流水线上的机器利用率越来越低，劳动者的劳动时间比例也比较低，从path1、path3、path4这个次序来看，路径上的零部件通过量也是逐步减少，这是因为零部件的加工时间和在路径上的行进时间造成的结果,从而可以为系统的优化提供数据支撑。