Ⅰ.Gone up → increased set up → establishedPut up with → tolerate looking into → investigating Figure out → determine put into practice → implement Come up with → developed make up → constituteGet rid of → eliminate keep up → maintainGone down → decrease thinking → consideringⅡ.Structure of Data CommentaryData commentaries usually has these elements in the following order.1.location elements and/or summary statements2.highlighting statements3.discussions of implications,problems,exceptions,recommendations,or other interestingaspects of the data可能涉及到排序题，有例如下：①A computer virus is a program that is specifically and maliciously designed to attacka computer system,destroying data.②As business have become inceasingly dependent on computers,e-mail,and the Internet,concern over the potential destructiveness of such viruses has also grown.③Table X shows the most common sources of infection for U.S. businesses.④As can be seen, in a great majority of cases,the entry point of the virus infection can be detected,with e-mail attachments being responsible for nearly 9 out of 10 viruses.⑤This very high percentage is increasingly alarming,especially since with a certain amount of caution such infections are largely preventable.⑥In consequence,e-mail users should be wary of all attachments,even thoes from a trusted colleague or a known sender.⑦In addition,all computers used for e-mail need to have a current version of a good antivirus progarm whose virus definitions are updated regularly.⑧While it may be possible to lessen the likelihood of downloading an infected file,businesses are still vulnerable to computer virus problems because of human error and the threat of new,quickly spreading viruses that cannot be identified by antivvirus software.①②→Theory and common beliefs. ③→The start ④⑤⑥⑦⑧→ImplicationsⅢ.信息性摘要An informative abstract,as its name implies,summarizes the key points in the RP.It is an overview that briefly state the purpose,methods,results and conclutions with quantitative information.信息性摘要主要报道论文的研究目的、研究方法、研究结果与结论。
它是论文全文的高度浓缩，相当于论文的简介或概要，但它又不是简单对原文篇幅进行按比例的缩减，而是要进行深入加工。
比较流行的信息性摘要架构有：①Objective→Methodology→Results→Conclusions②Background→Purpose and aim→Methods→Results→Conclusions③Background+purpose→Methodology→Result→ConclusionⅣ.Appendix 1 常用词汇、短语的用法Above“above”可用于指称前面提到的信息，但只能以一个段落或前几个句子中曾出现过的信息为限。
“above”不能用来说明前几个段落甚至前几页中曾经出现的信息，否则读者会感到迷惑，不清楚“above”所指的信息是什么。
e.g. (1)The above explanation will help answer this question. (刚提及)否则就应该用下列写法(2) We can adopt the explanation described earlier to answer this question.(3) We can apply the explanation introduced in Section 2 to answer this question. As mentioned above, as mentioned previously这两个短语的用法有些不同。
“as mentioned previously” (as mentioned earlier) 通常用来指几个段落或几页前所提到的内容。
作者想指明前几个句子所提到的内容时，可以使用“as just mentioned”。
建议撰写科技论文的作者尽可能使用较准确的词来代替“as mentioned above”或“as mentioned earlier”。
例如，当作者指的是上一节中的内容，则可用“as mentioned in the preceding section”来表达，而不用“as mentioned above”。
Appendix若论文、著作或研究报告只有一个附录，则在文章中应该使用“the Appendix”。
若有两个以上的附录，则采用“Appendix A”，“Appendix B”或“Appendix I”, “Appendix II”来指称这些附录，而且“Appendix”前可不加冠词。
e.g. The properties of various materials used in the design and analysis of heat pipes are presented in Appendix C.As follows“as follows”, “the following”, “as shown below”都是正确的形式，而“as followings”，“as the followings”, “as below”等都是不正确的形式。
e.g. (1) Solutions for equation (1) and (2) can be derived as follows.(2) Commonly used methods include the following:Aspect在英文科技论文中，aspect及area之类的词，常常是累赘而应该加以省略的词。
累赘：(1) Regarding the application aspect of Genetic Algorithm (遗传算法), many approaches have been proposed.累赘：(2) In the area of application of Genetic Algorithm, many approaches have been proposed.简洁：(3) Many approaches to application of Genetic Algorithm have been proposed. 简洁：(4) Many applications of Genetic Algorithm have been proposed.Based“Based”这个词常出现在论文的题目中，用于名词短语“基于某物或某方法的…...”之中，以使该名词短语简洁。
e.g. (1) 基于气泡堆积法的非结构化网络生成bubble packing method based unstructured grid generation(2) IEEE 802.15.4-based body sensor networkBased on若句首出现以based on开头的过去分词短语，则必须注意过去分词表示的被动行为对象是句子中的主语。
然而，在绝大多数以based on开头的句子中，based on开头的过去分词短语却不能合理地修饰句子的主语。
由此看来，还是应该用on the basis of，by，from, According to或其他词来替代based on，否则就需要重写句子，以便使读者清楚地了解是什么的“基础”。
正：(2) From Eq. (6), it is obtained that….佳：(4) On the basis of the experimental results, we conclude that….佳：(5) From the experimental results, we conclude that….佳：(6) the experimental results show that….在下列例句中，以based on开头的短语就可以正确地修饰句子的主语。