分离后烟气 过热器 过热器 烟囱
稀相区
高温旋风分离
省煤器 省煤器 空预器 空预器 尾部 受热面 二次风
CFBB 炉膛
料腿
除尘器 引风机
煤石 灰 石
密相区
一次风室 U型阀返料装置 一次风 一次风机 一次风 二次风机 二次风
• • • • • •
燃烧装置： 流化床布风板采用水冷布风板结构，有效面积为9.1m2 ; 布风板上布置了299只钟罩式风帽，风帽 间风板上填保温混凝土和耐火混火混凝土。 空气分为一次风及二次风，一、二次风之比为55：45，一次风从炉膛水冷风室二侧进入，经布风 板风帽小孔进入燃烧室。二次风在布风板上高度方向分二层送入。 布风板上布置了二只Ф219的放渣管（每只放渣管另接一只Ф219事故放渣管），可接冷渣机（用 户自理）。 建议：运行时，冷渣机可根据压差，断续排渣。 水冷风室底部还布置了二只Ф108的放灰管，用于定期清除水冷风室中的积灰
• 大型CFB锅炉布风板及其下的风室往往由水冷壁 管弯制而成，形成水冷风室和水冷布风板结构， 以防止其高温变形（尤其是采用床下点火方式 时）。 • The big capacity CFB boiler will has a large size in structure, which provides a possibility to manufacture the air distributor and air chamber with curved water wall, so as to form the water cooled air chamber and air distributor which can reduce the possibility of distortion in high temperature (especial when adapting the belowbed igniting systes a critical part which ensures the normal material fluidization on the bed and prevents the solid particles from flowing reversal into the air chamber. This function is mainly realized through a design of a special structure of the air cap and orifices on it. The design of air distributor and air cap influences directly the fluidized status of material on the bed. Therefore, it should have a proper resistance to ensure the even fluidization of the material on bed and avoid the resistance from becoming too big so as to reduce much pressure head of the PA fan. At the same time, the designer should pay more attention to prevent material from dropping into air chamber. For the different function and discriminating characteristics slightly, the are many kind of caps used in industry, such as bell covered type, mushroom type, T type, figure 7 shaped oriented air cap. Nowadays, the most widely used and has the best effect is bell covered type.
• 1—内管 2—外罩 3—环形底 板 • 1—inner pipe 2-external cover 3-annular base plate • 图 水冷布风板及钟罩式风帽 • Figure Water-cooled distributor and bell covered air cap • 风帽是保证床内物料正常流化和隔绝固 体颗粒向风室倒流的关键部件，主要通 过特殊的风帽及风帽小孔结构设计来实 现。布风板及风帽设计的好坏直接影响 床内颗粒的流化情况，它应当有一定的 阻力以保证整个床面流化的均匀同时应 尽量控制阻力不致过大以减小阻力损失， 同时，风帽设计还特别强调防止炉膛内 向风室的漏渣。从风帽的功能出发，实 际采用的风帽有多种型式，如钟罩型、 蘑菇型、T型、7字型定向风帽等，目前 应用最广泛效果相对较好的是钟罩型风 帽）。
循环流化床锅炉三大核心部件
循环流化床锅炉三大核心部件 —燃烧室、分离器、回料阀
分离器
燃烧室
回料阀
GotoLast
• 1.炉膛。 • 也叫流化床燃烧室，是供燃料燃烧的地方。由炉墙和水冷壁围成的空间，燃 料在其内呈现流化状态燃烧。炉膛包括下部锥段和上部直段两部分，分为密 相区、过渡区和稀相区。流化床燃烧室是流化床燃烧系统的主体,完成大约50 ％燃料释热量的传递吸收过程。它既是一个燃烧设备，也是一个热交换器和 脱硫、脱氮装置，集流化过程、燃烧、传热与脱硫、脱硝反应于一体。
• 1. Furnace. • It is also called the fluidized bed combustion chamber where the fuel burns. The fuel burns in the fluidized state in the chamber surrounded by the insulated wall and water wall. The furnace includes the lower conical section and the upper straight section, which are divided into the dense region, transition region and dilute region by the difference of consistence of material. The CFB combustion chamber is the main part of CFB combustion system, and about 50% of heat releasing, heat transferring and absorbing process are finished in it. It is not only a combustion device, but also a heat exchanger, desulfurization and denitration device, and it concentrates all the technologies of the fluidization, combustion, heat transfer, desulphurization, and denitration.
The combustion device:
The fluidized air distributors adopt the water-cooling air distributor structure, and the effective area is 9.1m2. The air distributor is equipped with 299 bell wind caps, the insulating concrete and the refractory concrete could be filled on the air plates. Air is divided into the primary air and the secondary air. PA: SA is about 55: 45. The primary air is sent from two sides of the water-cooled wind chamber, then it goes into the combustion chamber through the hood holes on the air distributors. The secondary air is distributed by two layers on height direction of the air distributor. Two(Ф219) slag-discharging tubes are arranged on the air distributor (besides, every slagdischarging tube is connected with one (Ф219 ) accident slag-discharging tube), and the slag cooler can be linked here (supplied by the user). Suggestion: During the operation process, the slag cooler can discharge slag discontinuously according to differential pressures. Bottom of the water-cooling air chamber is equipped with two (Ф108) slag- discharging tubes, so that the fouling in the water-cooling air chamber could be removed regularly.