小升初----- 祈使句教师：王老师学生：_________ 时间： 2013—一、授课目的1)学习祈使句的意义和分类。
3)专项练习二、授课内容：语法（祈使句）祈使句是用来表示请求、命令、叮嘱、号召或者劝告等的句子，这类句子的主语常是第二人称you，也就是听话者，因而you常省去了。
祈使句的开头是动词原形。
如：Look out! 小心！Wait here for me! 在这等我！Be sure to come here on time! 务必准时来到这里！祈使句的否定形式多以do not（常缩写成don't）开头，再加上动词原形。
Don't arrive late for school. 上学别迟到。
Don't fight! 别打架！Don't look out of the window. 不要向窗外看。
总结：祈使句的种类注意为四种：“VBLD”，“V（动词原形）”结构（动态句）: 动词原形+其他成分(省略主语)“B（Be）”结构（静态句）:Be +其他(adj)。
“L（Let）”结构（使役句）：Let’s/Let us + 动原。
“D（Don't）”结构（否定句）:Don’t + 动原。
应知语法和句式：1. 祈使句为让语气更加缓和和客气，常在句首加上________。
2. 祈使句的肯定句：行为动词+其他成分如：像这样带着它跑。
________ ________ ________ like this.Be+表语如：请小心。
Please ________ ________.Let +宾语+动词原形+其他成分如：让我们下棋吧。
Let us ________ ________.3. 祈使句的否定句：一般在动词前加don’t. 如：别在教室里跑。
________ ________ in the classroom.Let的祈使句可直接在let前加don’t，也可直接在动词前加not。
如：别让他哭。
________ let him cry. Let him ________ cry.三．随堂练习一、给下列标志选择恰当的英文标志语。
A.No parkingB.No smokingC.No fishingD. No drinkingE. No photosF. No swimming二、下列句子，是祈使句的在括号内填上“Y”，否则填“N”。
（1). Look out! ( )(2). Be careful with the glasses. ( )(3). How nice ! ( )(4). Happy New Year ! ( )(5). Thank goodness ! ( )(6). Let's go to the seaside. ( )(7). Goodbye, John! ( )(8). What a terrible day ! ( )(9). Go down his street and turn right. ( )(10). Wash your hands before the meal. ( )三．将下列祈使句变为否定句。
1. Give me some apples. _____________________________________________.2. Let's clean the classroom. _____________________________________________.3. Please watch TV. _____________________________________________.四. 将下列句子改成祈使句。
1. You must not look out of the window.______ ______ _______ ______ the window.2. You may let the children play the piano._______ _______ ________play the piano.3. You must be polite to the elder._______ ________ ________ _________ ________.4. You shouldn't drive too fast._______ ________ ________ _________.5.You can not smoke here._______ ________ _______6.You mustn’t cross the street when the light is red._______ _______ _______ _______ when the light is red.7.You shouldn’t eat too much junk food._______ _______ _______ ________ junk food.2】There be 句型。
There be 句型1. 定义：There be句型表示某处存在某物或某人。
2. 结构：(1) There is +单数可数名词/不可数名词+ 地点状语.(2) There are +复数名词+地点状语.there是引导词，在句中不充当任何成分，翻译时也不必译出。
句子的主语是某人或某物，谓语动词be要与主语（某人或某物）的数保持一致。
当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时，谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致。
eg. ① There is a bird in the tree. 树上有一只鸟。
② There is a teacher and many students in our classroom. 我们教室里有一位老师和许多学生。
③ There are two boys and a girl under the tree. 树下有两个男孩，一个女孩。
3. There be句型与have的区别：(1) There be 句型和have都表示“有”的含义。
区别如下：There be表示“某处存在某物或某人”；have 表示“某人拥有某物/某人”，它表示所有、拥有关系。
eg.①He has two sons. 他有两个儿子。
②There are two men in the office. 办公室里有两个男人。
(2)当have表示“包括”、“存在”的含义时，There be 句型与其可互换。
eg. A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week. 一个星期有七天。
Practice:1.There ______ not _______ milk in the cup on the table.A.are; manyB.are; muchC.is; manyD.is; much2.There ______ a lot of good news in today’s newspaper.A.isB.areC.wasD.were3. There_____ pencil-box,two books and some flowers on the desk.A. is aB.are someC.has aD.have some4. There _____ an apple and ten bananas in the basket. You can take any of them.A.areB.isC.hasD.have5._____ any flowers on both sides of the street?A.Is thereB.Are thereC.HasD. Havethere be句型练习题1. There _____ a lot of traffic at this time of day ,so you'd better_____more carefulA. has,beB. have,beenC. is,beD.are,are2. There_______ some water in the cupA. isB.amC. areD. be3. ______there enough good news in today's newspaper?A. IsB. AreC. WereD. Was4. How many people ______in your familyA. do you haveB. are thereC. you hadD.there are5. There _______ an apple and ten bananas in the basket. You can take any of themA. isB. areC. hasD. have6. How many teachers______there in your schoolB. is B. areC. haveD. has7. There______an apple tree near the riverA. isB. amC. areD. be8. There______ a talk about American country music in our school tonightA. will haveB. is going to haveC. is going to hasD. will be9.There ______anything new in today's newspaperA. isn'tB. aren'tC. hasn'tD. haven't10. There______sheep in the fieldA. is smallB. are muchC. are a fewD. are a little11. There are ______in the field .They are eating grassA. a horseB. much horseC. many horseD. many horses12. –Whose is this new desk?-It’s _____.A. Sue and Jim’sB. Sue and JimC. Sue’s and Jim’s13. There ______many trees here two years agoA. wasB. isC. areD. were14. ______? There are fiveA.How many boxes on the tableB. What are thoseC.What's thisD. How many boxes are there on the table15.______on the tableA. The pen isB. There is the penC. Pen isD. There has a pen16. There ______a new bed and an old desk in the roomA. isB. areC. haveD.has17. There ______an important meeting tomorrowA. will haveB.will beC. is going to haveD. is going to has18.______many trees here three years agoA. There isB. There wasC. There areD. There were19. There ______thousands of works in that oneA. amB. haveC. beD. are20. There ______a lot more people in this room than in that oneA. isB. amC. haveD. Are。