eyes. D. We should take good care of our eyes
even if we can see well .
Example: When we see well, we do not think about our eyes
very often. It is only when we cannot see perfectly that we realize how important our eyes are.
Finally, studies have shown it is easy for cigarette smokers to catch colds. Whether you get an unimportant cold or terrible killer, cancer, smoking is harmful. Is it worth it?
专题：
1. 把握主题中心。 2. 排除干扰选项。
第一、抓主题中心
主旨大意题的提问方式常见有以下几种：
1）The general/main idea of the passage is about ____．
2）The passage is mainly about ____． 3）What is the main topic of the passage？ 4）What is the best title for the passage？ 5）The author’s main purpose in writing the
Having two good eyes is important for judging distances. Each eye sees things from a slightly different angle (角度). To prove this to yourself, look at an object out of one eye; then look at the same object out of your other eye. You will find the object’s relation to the background and other things around it has changed. The difference between these two different eye views helps us to judge how far away an object is. People who have only one eye cannot judge distance as people with two eyes.
分析： When we see well, we do not think about our
eyes very often. It is only when we cannot see perfectly that we realize how important our eyes are.
People who are near-sighted can only see things that are very close to their eyes, Everything else seems blurry(=unclear). Many people who do a lot of work, such as writing, reading and sewing become near—sighted.
Having two good eyes is important for judging distances. Each eye sees things from a slightly different angle (角度). To prove this to yourself, look at an object out of one eye; then look at the same object out of your other eye. You will find the object’s relation to the background and other things around it has changed. The difference between these two different eye views helps us to judge how far away an object is. People who have only one eye cannot judge distance as people with two eyes.
Then People who are far-sighted suffer from just the opposite problem. They can see things that are far away, but they have difficulty in reading a book unless they hold it at arm’s length. If they want to do much reading ,they must get glasses, too.
（三）综合归纳主题中心
在材料中勾画所说的人物、 事件、事情、行为动词、 所举的例子等，归纳综合理解。
The main idea of this paragraph is that ______. A. Tom, who had studied at Paris Universities for four years, moved to another university. B. Tom became a lawyer since his graduation from Harvard Law School and later from Boston College. C. Tom was an excellent student when he studied at Berlin university. D. Tom received an excellent education
Other people do not see clearly because their eyes are not exactly the right shape. They have what is called astigmatism (散光). This, too, can be corrected by glasses. Some people’s eyes become cloudy because of cataracts (白内障). Long ago these people often became blind. Now, however, it is possible to operate on the cataracts and remove them.
3.注重体会阅读材料的语言特色。
What is the passage mainly about ______? A. It is a bad thing for us to be near-
sighted. B. We can’t judge the distance with one
good eye C. We can see everything with two good
C. Smoking is harmful to our health.
D. An experiment on smoking.
Example：
Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your health.
Experiments show that cigarette smoking can cause cancer. Besides the most serious and terrible disease(illness), cancer, cigarette smoking can also cause other health problems. For example, it can give one a “smoker’s cough”.
阅读理解专题讲解
---探究做题时的困惑
情况调查： 1.做阅读理解时无法把握全文中心。 2.材料能读懂，但是经常有两个选项不 能区分排除。 3.遇到生词多，就不想继续做题。心理 感到烦躁。 4.词义猜测题无从着手。 5.不喜欢科普性较强的阅读材料。
根据考纲 阅读理解对学生提出如下能力要求
一、题材分析能力 二、题干分析能力 三、猜词能力 四、综合应用语言能力
passage is to … 6）The passage is meant to ….
怎么把握全文的结构和作者的意图呢？
思路方法：
1. 寻找中心词。 2. 寻找主题句。 3. 综合归纳主题中心。
（一）寻找中心词。
方法：出现频率最的单词或者短语。
步骤：
1.阅读全文，找出中心词。
2.学会主动构架作者的思路。
People …near-sighted
Then People …far-sighted
important
Other people…not exactly the right shape
People …have only one eye
注意体会：then ,other 四个
people 体现的并列关系。
Then People who are far-sighted suffer from just the opposite problem. They can see things that are far away, but they have difficulty in reading a book unless they hold it at arm’s length. If they want to do much reading ,they must get glasses, too.