三级语法考点归纳一．虚拟语气1. if 句中虚拟形式if 引导的非真实条件句（纯粹假设或发生的可能性不大）：条件从句主句与现在相反did (be were) would/ should/ might/ could do 与将来相反did (be were) would/ should/ might/ could do 与过去相反had done would/ should/ might/ could have done例句If we left (leave) now, we should arrive in time.-If they hadn’t gone on vacation, their house wouldn’t have been broken (break) into.2. 原形虚拟：a. 表命令、决定、要求、建议等词语之后的that-分句中，用动词原形。
suggest, demand, advise, propose, order, arrange, insist, command, require, request, desire …… that ＋(should) do例如He suggested that we should leave early.My suggestion is that we should tell him.b. It is (was) 形容词/名词that …… (should) do/例如It is absolutely essential that all the facts be examined first.3. 一些句型中的虚拟形式：1. It’s (high, about, the first, etc.) time (that) …动词过去时…）例如It’s time we left.例如It is time we went to bed.2 would rather/sooner 宁愿as if/ though 好像would rather/sooner 谓语用过去时与现在或者将来相反as if/ though 谓语用过去完成时与过去相反4．练习1. I _______ try it again if I_______you.A. will；amB. should；amC. would；wereD. would；had been2. If it _______ not for the water，the plants _______live.A. were；would notB. is；could notC. were；couldD. did；could not￥3. If I _______ that chance to show my ability, I _______the president of this school.A. have not had；could not becomeB. had not had；would not have becomeC. did not have；could not becomeD. doesn’t have；will not become4. He _______ by that burglar if you _______ to save him.A. might have been killed；hadn’t comeB. will be killed；didn’t comeC. may be killed；did’t comeD. could be killed；haven’t come5. If it _______for your help，I _______that hard time with so little money.A. were not；would not spendB. is not；can not spendC. had not been；would not have spentD. have not been；will not spend6. Where _______ you go if war _______>A. will；breaks outB. do；will break outC. would；were to break outD. will；is to break out7. She wishes she _______ that humiliating thing.A. doesn’t doB. didn’t doC. haven’t doneD. hadn’t done8. The chairman suggested that the meeting _______ put off.A. can beB. beC. isD. will be9. It is vital that he _______ immediately.A. should goB. must goC. goesD. went10. It is time we _______do our homework.A. begin toB. can begin toC. began toD. will begin to·答案：1.选C。
表示与现在事实相反的假设(指现在的假设) (译文; 如果我是你，我会再试一次)2选A。
表示与现在事实相反的假设(指现在的假设)。
(译文：要是没有水，植物就不能存活。
)3. 选B。
表示与过去事实相反的假设。
4 A。
表示与过去事实相反的假设。
(译文：要不是你来救他，他早就被那个窃贼杀了。
)5. C。
与过去事实相反的假设。
(译：要没有你帮忙，我那点儿钱是无法度过那段艰苦岁月的。
)6.选C。
表示与将来事实相反的假设。
(译文：要是战争爆发了，你会上哪儿去)7.选D。
虚拟语气用于宾语从句。
(译文：她真希望自己没有做过那件丢脸的事情。
)8. 选B。
虚拟语气用于表示“建议”等意义的动词后。
(译文：主席建议会议延期举行。
)9. 选A。
虚拟语气用于主语从句(It is ／was + 形容词+ that 引导的分句)。
：10. 选C。
虚拟语气用于定语从句It is time (that)...句型。
(译文：我们该开始做作业了。
)二．动词的时态2. 时间状语与动词时态的搭配一定的时态往往和一定的时间状语连用。
always ,usually, sometimes, 一般现在时do/does am is are;last week, yesterday, a few days ago 一般过去时did was/ werenext week, tomorrow, in a week, this year 一般将来时will donow, at present, at this moment 现在进行时be +doingso far, up to now, by the time, since的主句现在完成时has/have done3. 练习，用动词的适当形式填空1. He _______ (be) eighteen next year.2. It _______ (rain) every day so far this month.3. Mozart _______ (write) more than 600 pieces of music.4. If it _______ (rain) tomorrow，we’ll have to stay at home.5. How fast _______ he _______ (drive) when the accident happened~6. By the time Mr. Smith left school，he _______ (teach) that course for twenty-fiveyears.7. Perhaps he _______ (finish) reading the book by this time tomorrow.1. 填will be。
next year为表示将来时态的时间状语2. 填has rained。
so far是“到目前为止”的意思，常和现在完成时搭配使用。
3. 填wrote。
Mozart (莫扎特)是已去世的音乐家，故应使用过去时。
4. 填rains。
在条件状语从句中，要用一般现在时表示将来发生的事情。
5. 填was...driving。
表示过去某一时刻发生的动作要用过去进行时。
6. 填had taught。
句中有by the time Mr. Smith left school，主语的谓语应用过去完成时。
7. 填will have finished。
句中有by this time tomorrow，主语的谓语应用将来完成时。
!三动词的被动语态1. The construction of the library_______ before the end of next month.A. must have completedB. must have been completedC. must be completedD. must complete2. The subject of these lectures _______ by the lecture committee.A. announcesB. have been announcedC. announcedD. has been announced3. My pictures _______ until next week.;A. won’t developB. aren’t developingC. don’t developD. won’t be developed4. They _______ so that we wouldn’t recognize them.A. costumedB. disguisedC. were disguisingdisguised5. All the apparatus (器械) _______ before the experiment began.A. had been preparedB. were preparedC. had been preparedD. had prepared6. The world’s supplies of copper _______ .A. have been gradually being exhaustedB. has gradually exhaustedC. are gradually exhaustedD. are being gradually exhausted7. The goods _______ when we arrived at the airport.；A. were just unloadingB. were just being unloadedC. had just unloadedD. were just been unloaded8. Tom _______ the best student in his class.A. regardsB. regards asC. has regarded asD. is regarded as9. The sports meeting _______ because of the bad weather.A. put offB. was put offC. was putted offD. has put off1. C。