安徽职业技术学院毕业论文论文题目：丙烯酸甲酯所属系部：化工系专业：应用化工技术*名：***班级：应化1022班学号： ********** 指导老师：**完成日期： 2013-3-24丙烯酸甲酯制备工艺流程摘要作为有机合成中间体，也是合成高分子聚合物的单体，用于橡胶、医药、皮革、造纸、粘合剂等。
丙烯酸甲酯拥有很强的功用。
工艺描述:丙烯酸甲酯是由粗丙烯酸和甲醇在作为酸性酯化催化剂的硫酸存在下直接生产。
反应热约为-25.1KJ/mol，即酯化反应只是轻微的放热反应，反应物开始反应时不会出现剧烈的反应。
相反，会形成一个平衡的混合物，其中除了需要的产物，还存在相当数量的原料。
为了加速这个典型的平衡反应，得到需要的产物，通过蒸馏不断地从反应系统中移去两个反应产物，水和丙烯酸甲酯，蒸馏塔塔顶物中含有没反应的甲醇被回收，没反应的丙烯酸甲酯留在酯化反应器中。
酯化反应在均态液相下进行，既不需要有机溶剂，也不需要搅拌。
通过蒸馏分离出高纯度丙烯酸甲酯。
将甲醇（来自甲醇回收塔C5200和罐区）、硫酸（来自罐区）、成品塔C5500底部馏分和（来自罐区）加化学处理剂联氨改性的粗丙烯酸送入酯化反应器R5010中。
来自甲醇回收塔5200的新鲜及循环甲醇以气态进入R5010；然后，塔顶物（丙烯酸甲酯，水，轻组分）被送到抽提塔（C5100），在C5100，用工艺水洗去甲醇，被洗过的丙烯酸甲酯从底部去抽提塔分离器V5110，底部物流送醇回收塔C5200，在C5200中轻组分从顶部蒸出，回收的醇送回C5200。
基本没有有机物的水冷却后用作抽提塔C5100的循环水，多余的通过废水罐送废水处理厂。
分离器V5110中的粗酯被送往初馏塔（C5300），也作为酯化塔的回流。
少量含有丙烯酸甲酯的初馏塔塔顶低沸物在冷凝器E5330中冷凝并收集在相分离器V5340中。
有机相的大部分在塔上部温度控制下作为回流返回初馏塔C5300，一小部分有机相通过容器V5460送初馏物蒸馏塔C5400，以得到合格产品。
为进一步精制，C5300塔底物送成品塔C5500，这个塔的塔顶物是最终产品，送到罐区的检验罐，5500塔底物送回酯化部分。
关键词：丙烯酸甲酯；工艺节能描述；工艺化学反应；工艺操作流程；节能技术的应用。
AbstractAs the intermediate of organic synthesis, monomer and synthetic polymers, used in rubber, pharmaceutical, leather, paper, adhesive, etc.. Methyl acrylate has a very strong function.Process Description: methacrylate is directly produced by the crude acrylic acid and methanol in the presence of acid catalyst for the esterification under sulfate as. The heat of reaction is about -25.1KJ\/mol, namely the esterification reaction is exothermic reaction mild, will not be violent reaction to reaction time. On the contrary, will form a balanced mixture, which in addition to the product, but also has a large number of raw materials. In order to accelerate the typical equilibrium reaction, need to get the product by distillation, continuously removed from the reaction system in the two reaction product, water and methyl acrylate, distillation overhead material contains no reaction of methanol is recycled, no reaction of methyl acrylate in esterification reactor. The esterification reaction in normal liquid phase, does not require organic solvents, also need not stir. Through the distillation separation of high purity methyl acrylate.The methanol ( from methanol recovery tower and tank, sulfuric acid ( C5200 ) from the tank ), C5500 ( product tower bottom fraction and from tanks) and chemical processing crude acrylic acid agent hydrazine modified into the esterification reactor R5010. From the methanol recovery tower 5200 fresh and cycle of methanol in gaseous into R5010; then, the top fabric ( methyl acrylate, water, light fraction ) was sent to the extractor ( C5100 ), in the C5100 process, washed with methanol, methyl acrylate was washed from the bottom to the column separator V5110, bottom logistics delivery C5200 alcohol recovery tower, in C5200 the light component in the steam from the top, recovery of alcohol to C5200. Water cooling substantially no organic matter as circulating water extraction tower C5100, redundant by waste water tank for wastewater treatment plant. The crude ester separator in V5110 were sent to the primary distillation tower ( C5300 ), as well as esterification tower reflux. Primary distillation tower overhead low boiling substance contains a small amount of methyl acrylate is condensed in a condenser E5330 and are collected in a phase separator V5340. The organic phase in most of the tower under the control of the temperature returned as reflux primary tower C5300, a small part of the organic phase through the container V5460 send first runnings distillation tower C5400, in order to get qualified products. In order to further refined, tower C5300 substrate send product tower C5500 tower, the tower is the end product, to test the tank farm, 5500 bottoms to esterification part.Keywords:methacrylate; process description; technology of chemical reaction; operation process目录1 绪论 (7)1.1 研究背景与目的 (7)1.2 国内外的生产状况 (7)1.2.1 国外生产状况 (7)1.2.2 国内生产状况 (7)1.3 丙烯酸工艺技术 (8)1.3.1 日本触媒化学(Nsfac)技术 (8)1.3.2 日本三菱油化(MPCL)技术 (8)1.3.3 日本化药技术 (9)1.3.4 德国巴斯夫(BASF)技术 (9)1.3.5 兰州化工研究中心技术 (9)1.3.6 国内外生产技术概述 (9)2 丙烯酸甲酯与丙烯酸甲酯的应用 (11)2.1 丙烯酸甲酯 (11)2.2 丙烯酸甲酯的健康危害 (11)2.3 丙烯酸甲酯的应急处理处置方法 (12)2.3.1.泄漏应急处理 (12)2.3.2.防护措施................................. 错误!未定义书签。
2.3.3.急救措施................................. 错误!未定义书签。
2.4化工应用..................................... 错误!未定义书签。
3 丙烯酸甲酯生产原理和工艺特点.................. 错误!未定义书签。
3.1 酯化反应原理................................ 错误!未定义书签。
3.2 丙烯酸与甲醇的酯化反应...................... 错误!未定义书签。
3.2.1 酯化反应器的主反应 (13)3.2.2 酯化反应器的副反应 (13)3.2.3 反应进行条件 (14)3.3 丙烯酸的回收 (14)3.4 醇萃取及回收 (15)3.5 醇拔头...................................... 错误!未定义书签。