改革开放的三十多年,我国经济得到了巨大的发展,已经从依赖资源、廉价劳动力的时代进入知识经济时代。
知识经济条件下,创新将成为经济增长的根本所在。
何以创新?人力资源管理成为关键。
公司若要在竞争的社会中立于不败之地,必须把人才资源放在第一位,只有有效、合理、科高考英语核心动词归类动词是英语中最活跃的词类,是句子的核心成分。
此外,英语动词的变化较多,形式颇为复杂,是英语学习的难点之一。
历届高考英语试题常把动词作为测试的重点,在单项填空题中所占比例在50%以上。
笔者通过对近十年来的高考英语试题进行分析,归纳常考动词十五类,供大家参考。
一、连系动词类连系动词按其所表示的意义可分为以下四种:1.变化类表事物发展变化的过程,如become,go,turn,grow,get,fall等。
2.感觉类表人体部位的感受,如feel,smell,taste,look,sound等。
3.状态类表事物所处的状态,如keep,come,run,remain,stand,lie,stay,prove等。
4.外表特征类表外表给人的印象,如appear,seem,look等。
连系动词的作用是后接形容词或相当于形容词的结构作表语。
除了少数几个(如feel,get,become,grow等)外,不用于进行时态和被动结构。
例如:The mixture is tasted terrible. (误)The mixture tastes terrible (正)Jim pretended to be falling asleep when his mother came in. (误)Jim pretended to fall/be sleep when his mother came in. (正)I'm feeling much better than ever before.It was getting darker and darker. Besides, a cold rain began to fall.【高考例题】(1)[NMET1994]—Do you like the material?—Yes, it _____ very soft.A.is feelingB.feltC.feelsD.is felt(2) [NMET2003]Why don’t you put the meat in the fridge?It will _____ fresh for several days.A.be stayedB.stayC.be stayingD.have stayed(3) [2004春上海]The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _____ as the plane was making a landing.A.seatB.seatingC.seatedD.to be seating(4) [2002北京]Be careful when you cross this very busy street. If not, you may _____ run over bya car.A.haveB.getC.becomeD.passed(5)[2004天津]Happy birthday, Alice. So you have _____ twenty-one already.A.becomeB.turnedC.grownD.passed(6)[2004全国Ⅱ]Sarah, hurry up. I′m afraid you can't have time to _____ before the party.A.get changedB.get changeC.get changingD.get to change(7)[2004湖北]On hearing the news of the accident in the coal mine, she _____ pale.A.gotB.changedC.wentD.appeared(8)[2004上海]The flowers _____ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.A.to smellB.smellingC.smeltD.to be smelt(9) [2002春上海]Although he has taken a lot of medicine, his health _____ poor.A.provesB.remainsC.maintainsD.continues(10)I love to go to the seaside in summer. It _____ good to lie in the sun or swim in the cool sea.A.doesB.feelsC.getsD.makes(11) [2005浙江]—Owe! I've burned myself!—How did you do that?—I _____ a hot pot.A.touchedB.keptC.feltD.heldKey:CBCBB ACBBBA二、感官动词类常考的感官动词有see,watch,notice,observe,hear,feel,find,catch等。
感官动词的主要作用是后接非谓语动词的不同形式作宾语补足语,表达不同的含义。
1.后接不带to的不定式表示一个发生过或者还没发生具体的动作。
I often heard the song sung,but I have never heard you sing it.When you go to watch the football watch,you will enjoy seeing the Chinese football team win.2.后接v.-ing形式表正在进行的动作。
Seeing the sun rising above the surface of the sea,we let ont a shout of joy.Hearing this,I felt my heart beating fast.3.后接v.-ed形式表被动意义。
After his return twenty years later, he found his hometown greatly changed.Although I had learnt some English, I had never heard a word of it spoken.【高考例题】(1)[NMET2000]The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _______ the next year.A.carry outB.carrying outC.carried outD.to carry out(2)[NMET2003]A cook will be immediately fired if he is found ______ in the kitchen.A.smokeB.smokingC.to smokeD.smoked(3)The missing boys were last seen _______ near the river.A.playingB.to be playingC.playD.to play(4)[NMET1993]The salesman scolded the girl who was caught ______ and let her off.A.to have stolenB.to be stealingC.to stealD.stealing(5) [2004春北京]He looked around and caught a man ________ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.A.putB.to be puttingC.to putD.puttingKey: CBADD三、使役动词类表“致使”意义的动词称之为使役动词,如make,let,have,keep,leave,set,send等。
使役动词的作用是后接非谓语动词的不同形式作宾语补足语,表达不同的含义。
分以下三种情况。
1.make,let have等后接不带to的不定式,表“使/让某人/某物做某事”。
Don't make him do it if he doesn't want to.If you have any problems,just let me know.在被动结构中不定式须带to,但是have不用于被动结构中。
He was made to apologize to the guest.2.have,keep,leave,send,set,get等后接v.-ing形式,表持续性动作。
I'm sorry to keep you waiting for so long.Why do you have him worrying about his lessons?3.have,keep,leave等后接v-ed形式,表被动含义。
He didn't keep on asking me the time until he had had his watch repaired.I’ll keep you informed as soon as I have the news.【高考例题】(1)[2004天津]Don't leave the water ______ while you brush your teeth.A.runB.runnigC.being runD.to run(2) [2004重庆]Laws that punish parents for their children's actions against the laws get parentsA.worriedB.to worryC.worryingD.worry(3)[2003春安徽]—Why did you go back to the shop?—I left my friend ______ there .A.waitingB.to waitC.waitD.waits(4)[NMET1991]It was so cold that they kept the fire ______ all night.A.to burnB.burnC.burningD.burned(5)[NMET1989]—Good morning, can I help you?—I'd like to have this package ______, madam.A.be weighedB.weighingC.weighedD.to weigh(6)[NMET1991]The speaker raised his voice but still couldn't make himself.A.hearB.to hearC.hearingD.heard(7)[1994上海]As you have never been there hefore, I'll have someone _______ you the way.A.showB.to showC.showingD.showed(8)[NMET1995]Paul doesn't have to be made ______. He always works hard.A.learnB.to learnC.learnedD.learning(9)[1999上海]A computer can do only what thinking people ______.A.have it doB.have it doneC.have done itD.having it done(10)[1998上海]Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had ______ went wrong.A.itB.it repairedC.repairedD.to be repaired(11)[2005福建]If anyone happens to drop in while I'm out,______ him or her leave a messase.A.haveB.getC.askD.tellKey:BCACC DABACA四、含情感色彩的动词这类动词有excite,inspire,encourage,interest,satisfy,delight,please,move,frighten,surprise,amaze,astonish,shock,worry,astonish,disappoint,discourage,exhaust,puzzle,tire,terrify等。