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主谓一致用法归纳_1

---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------主谓一致用法归纳主谓一致用法归纳:谓语动词在语法上同主语一致一、语法形式一致原则 1.用and 或 both... and 连接的两个或两个以上单数的并列主语,谓语动词通常用复数。

例如:Tom and Mike are brothers. Both Jack and Mary have been given some good books.如 and 连接的两个部分是同一人或事物,或当作整体看待时,谓语动词则用单数。

例如:My old friend and classmate works in a hospital.我的同班老朋友在一所医院工作。

2.用 and 连接的并列主语被 each, every 或 no 修饰时,谓语动词通常用单数。

例如:No teacher and no student has come yet. Soon every man,woman and child was talking about this thing. 3.两个以上的并列短语或从句作主语,谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于是否把它们当作整体看待。

例如:How she came to be a teacher and what she must do then1 / 8were often on her mind.她是怎样成为一个教师的,她当时必须做什么,是时常出现在她脑海中的问题。

4.某些单复数同形的动物名词如 deer(鹿), fish(鱼),sheep(绵羊)等,它们作主语时,谓语动词用单数还是复数,取决于该名词所表示的数。

例如:There is a sheep under the tree. There are many sheep on the hill. 5. the +形容词是复数的概念。

the poor(穷人), the rich(富人), the youn g(年轻人),the old(老人), the dead(死者), the brave(勇士), the sick (病人)与谓语动词连用时,一般用复数。

例如:The rich never know what the poor have their minds.饱汉不知饿汉饥。

6.不定代词 another, anyone, anybody, anything, each,everyone, everybody, everything, one,someone, somebody,something 等作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。

例如:Was there anything about him in the newspaper?报纸中有关于他的消息吗? Everyone has his hobby.各有嗜好。

Nobody has time for such things.没有人有时间干这些事。

Something is wrong with my watch.我的表出毛病了。

---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ 7.表示否定的不定代词 no one, nobody, nothing 作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。

例如:No one knows where he is.没人知道他在哪里。

Nobody likes earthquakes.谁也不喜欢地震。

Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to do.天下无难事,只怕有心人。

但 none 作主语时,谓语动词既可用单数,也可用复数。

例如:None have(has) arrived yet. 8.分数(百分数)+of+名词作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于 of后面的名词的数。

例如:Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is sea.地球表面的四分之三是海洋。

Ten percent of the apples are bad.百分之十的苹果是坏的。

9.基数词作主语,谓语动词通常用单数。

例如:Fourteen means four and ten. 4 加 10 等于 14。

Two and four makes six. 2 加 4 等于 6。

98 and 3 is 101. 98 加 3 等于 101。

3 / 8但如果基数词表示两个或更多的人或事物时,谓语动词可用复数。

例如:Twelve were absent.十二人缺席。

10.动词不定式短语、动名词短语和从句作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。

例如:How to repair the machine is a difficult question.如何修理这部机器是一个难题。

When they will come hasn’t been made public.他们什么时候来还没有公布。

11. all, most, some 等不定代词作主语时,如指的是复数概念,谓语动词用复数,如指的是单数概念,谓语动词用单数。

例如:All are happy to hear the news.大家听到这个消息都很高兴。

All of the bread has been eaten.所有的面包都吃完了。

Most of the earth is covered with water.地球上大部分地区都覆盖着水。

Some of us are ill.我们有些人病了。

二、语言意义一致原则 1.一些集体名词,如 family ,class 作主语时,当作为整体看时,谓语动词用单数;如就其中---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ 的一个个成员来考虑时,谓语动词则用复数。

例如:My family is a big one. My family are watching TV. 2.形式是复数,概念是单数。

例如:Here is the news.现在报告新闻。

Physics is a difficult science.物理是一门很难的学科。

maths, politics, physics 等复数形式的名词表示学科名称时,谓语动词用单数。

His maths is weak.他的数学很差。

3.形式是复数和概念的变化。

某些复数名词,如 glasses, clothes, trousers 作主语时,谓语动词用复数。

例如:My glasses are on my nose.但如果前面加了限量修饰语,谓语动词的数则应与该修饰语相一致。

例如:There is a suit of clothes on the bed. This pair of shoes is twenty yuan. 4. more than+基数词+复数名词结构作主语时,谓语用复数; more than +one+单数名词结构做主语时,谓语动词用单数。

5 / 8例如:More than twenty students are playing football on the playground.有二十多个学生在操场上踢球。

5.数词+复数名词作主语,名词表示的是时间、长度、重量、价值时,谓语动词用单数。

例如:Ten years has seemed a long time to me, but a short time to you.十年对于我来说似乎是一段很漫长的时间,而对于你来说,却是很短的。

Five hundred dollars was spent.花了五百美元。

但有时复数的意思占主导地位,动词须用复数。

例如:The first ten years are the hardest.开始的十年是最艰苦的。

6. one or two+复数名词作主语,谓语动词用复数。

例如:There are one or two things I want to talk over with you.有一两件事我要同你详谈。

三、就近一致原则 1.在 there be +并列主语的句子中,谓语动词的数通常同它邻近的主语一致。

例如:There is some paper, two pens and many books on the---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ desk. 2.在用 here 开头的倒装句中,谓语动词通常同它后面的主语的人称和数一致。

例如:Here are the boys I am looking for.这些就是我正在寻找的男孩。

Here is the book you want.这就是你要的书。

3.疑问句的谓语动词常同它邻近的主语的人称和数一致。

例如:Are you or she to stay here? 4.用not only... but (also), not... but, neither... nor, either... or 连接的并列主语,谓语动词同邻近的主语一致。

例如:Not only John but also his parents are coming.不仅约翰,而且他的父母也都来了。

Not the students but I was wrong.不是学生错了,而是我错了。

Neither she nor you have a dictionary.她没有字典,你也没有。

Either you or I am to go.不是你去就是我去。

5.谓语的形式取决于主语,而不是其它成分:(1)主语和谓语的动词之间插入由介词 but, between,7 / 8except, like, with 等引导的介词短语,谓语动词要与这些短语前的主语一致。

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