1994年考研英语真题阅读理解精读笔记Text 1，spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most.Private businessmen，striving to make profits， produce these goods and services in competition with other businessmen; and the profit motive， operating under competitive pressures，largely determines how these goods and services are produced.Thus， in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers， coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes， that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.demands can be expressed and responded to by producers.In the American economy， this mechanism is provided by a price system， a process in which prices rise and fall in response toshort supply relative to the demand， the price will be bid up and some consumers will be eliminated from the market.If， on the other hand， producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost，， which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product.Thus， price is the regulating mechanism in the American economic system.productive resources (private property)， and they are permitted to hire labor， gain control over natural resources， and produce goods and services for sale at a profit.In the American economy，the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership of productive resources but also certain rights， including the right to determine the price of a product or to make a free contract with another private individual.51. In Line 7， Paragraph 1，“the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes” means . ［A］ Americans are never satisfied with their incomes［B］ Americans tend to overstate their incomes［C］ Americans want to have their incomes increased［D］ Americans want to increase the purchasing power of their incomes52. The first two sentences in the second paragraph tell us that .［A］ producers can satisfy the consumers by mechanized production［B］ consumers can express their demands through producers［C］ producers decide the prices of products［D］ supply and demand regulate prices53. According to the passage， a private-enterprise economy is characterized by .［A］ private property and rights concerned［B］ manpower and natural resources control［C］ ownership of productive resources［D］ free contracts and prices54. The passage is mainly about .［A］ how American goods are produced［B］ how American consumers buy their goods［C］ how American economic system works［D］ how American businessmen make their profitsText 1allow 10/E5lau/v.允许，准许；承认；让……得到，使……得以发生bid 4/bid/v.出价；投标；努力争取；n.买方的出价；投标；努力争取characterize 8/5kAriktEraiz/v.表示……的特性；描述……的特性commodity 6/kE5mCditi/n.商品，物品competition 16/kCmpi5tiFEn/n.比赛；竞争competitive 9/kEm5petitiv/a.竞争的，比赛的concept 15/5kCnsept/n.概念，观念，思想concern 20/kEn5sE:n/v.涉及，关系到；（常与with，about，in连用）关心，挂念；担心，担忧；n.（利害）关系；关心，挂念；担心，担忧contract 4/5kCntrAkt/n.契约，合同，包工；v.缩小，缩短；订（约）economic 33/7i:kE5nCmik/a.经济（上）的，经济学的economy 29/i(:)5kCnEmi/n.节约；经济eliminate 5/i5limineit/v.消除embrace 1/im5breis/v.拥抱；包含enterprise 5/5entEpraiz/n.事业，企（事）业单位；事业心，进取心express 8/iks5pres/v.表达，表示；a.特快的，快速的；n.快车，快运factor 13/5fAktE/n.因素，要素goods 9/gudz/n.商品，货物individual 23/7indi5vidjuEl/a.个人的，单独的；独特的；n.个人，个体largely 12/5lB:dVli/ad.主要地，基本上；大量地，大规模地lower 7/5lEuE/a.较低的，下级的，下游的；v.降下，放低mechanism 6/5mekEnizEm/n.机械装置，机构；机制motive 2/5mEutiv/n.动机，目的；a.发动的，运动的organize 5/5C:gEnaiz/v.组织，编组orient 4/5C:riEnt/n.［the O-］东方；v.定……的方位ownership 5/5EunEFip/n.所有（权），所有制pressure 10/5preFE(r)/n.压（力）；强制，压迫，压强；v.强制，迫使private 11/5praivit/a.私人的，个人的，秘密的，私下的process 40/prE5ses/n.过程，进程；工序，制作法；工艺；v.加工，处理product 14/5prCdQkt/n.产品，产物；乘积；结果，后果productive 5/prE5dQktiv/a.生产（性）的，能产的，多产的profit 6/5prCfit/n.利润，收益，益处；v.（by，from）得利，获益；利用；有利于property 7/5prCpEti/n.财产，资产，所有物；性质，特性purchase 6/5pE:tFEs/v.买，购买；n.购买的物品；购买regulate 4/5regjuleit/v.管制，控制；调节，校准relative 6/5relEtiv/a.（to）相对的，比较的；有关系的，相关的；n.亲属，亲戚resource 7/ri5sC:s/n.［pl.］资源，财力；办法，智谋；应变之才；设备respond 8/ris5pCnd/v.回答，答复；（to）响应response 9/ris5pCns/n.回答，回音；反应，响应result 50/ri5zQlt/n.结果，成果，成绩；v.（in）导致，结果是；（from）起因于，因……而造成sentence 14/5sentEns/n.句子；判决，宣判；v.宣判，判决strive 5/straiv/v.奋斗，努力system 35/5sistEm/n.系统，体系；制度，体制tend 30/tend/v.趋向，往往是；照料，看护basically 1/5beisikEli/ad.基本上，主要地businessman 8/5biznismAn/n.商人consumer 20/kEn5sju:mE/n.消费者mainly 14/5meinli/ad.大体上，主要地manpower 4/5mAnpauE/n.人力marketplace 2/5mB:kit5pleis/n.集会场所，市场maximize 1/5mAksmaiz/vt.最大值，最佳化mechanize 1/5mekEnaiz/v.机械化overstate 1/5EuvE5steit/vt.夸大，夸张producer 3/prE5dju:sE/n.生产者，制作者，演出人，（电影）制片人seller 4/5selE/n.售货者难句，d by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most.【语法分析】1．核心句为：The American economic system is organized around a...economy。