• “为什么上学啊？”我问父亲，“我做什么啦？”
• “Why school?” I asked my father. “What have I done?”
• “我不是在惩罚你，”他笑着说，“上学不是一种惩罚。” • “I’m not punishing you,” he said, laughing. “School’s not a punishment.” • 那里能把孩子们培养成有用的人。
• It’s a place that makes useful men out of boys.
• 你不愿意像哥哥们那样成为有用的人吗？ • Don’t you want to be useful like your brothers? • 我没有被说服。 • I was not convinced.

种菜的吸引力是精神上的和道德上的。 The attractions of gardening are neurotic and moral. 种菜也是一种需要道德情操的职业。 Gardening is a moral occupation. 种一个菜园子使你意识到这颗小行星的表面是多么精巧、多么 慷慨，又是多么容易被破坏。 Keeping a garden makes you aware of how delicate, bountiful, and easily ruined the surface of this little planet is. 种一块菜地 keep a garden 皱着眉头，咬着下嘴唇 pinch her brows together and bite her lower lip 专修过药物学 have specialized in pharmacy
只要那人还有一口气，他们就会厮打在一起，一方是大自然， 另一方是人。一方不分善恶，不根据原则行事，不管人的死活， 而另一方则完全明辨是非，遵循原则，或许还坚持信仰。 For as long as that man could last, they went at each other, nature and man; the one making no distinction of good and evil, acting on no principles, offering no lifelines; the other acting wholly on distinctions, principles and, perhaps, on faith. 只有种园子的人才能够不断地让希望重生。 Only the gardener is capable of endlessly reviving so much hope. 指的是他跳入水中将一个受伤的妇女拖到岸上 refer to his jumping into the water to drag an injured woman to shore
下定决心今年要把它保持得井井有条，就像商品目录里的图片 那样 be resolved to keep it looking neat this year, just like the pictures in the catalogues 想要得到一张写着“理学学士”的证书 mean to reach for a scroll that reads a Bachelor of Science 需要培养、鼓励和免受敌人毁坏的保护 require training and encouragement and protection from enemies 一本好书必然是一份礼物。 A great book is necessarily a gift. 一个人假如没读过关于人的书，就不会努力成为一个人。 No one would ever manage to become human if they hadn’t read about it.


我也不太清楚自己为什么要这样做。 I'm not sure why I do this. 我一会儿就出来。 I'll be out in a minute. 我只是不明白一个白人和一个黑人结婚有什么错。 I just don't see what's wrong with a white person marring a black person. 西红柿在一个地方不长，但却喜欢另一个地方，其他作物也都 一样。 Tomato won't grow in one part but loves another, and the same goes for the other crops. 洗碗 do the dishes
答案
牢记学过的句子靠经常复习。 克服汉式英语靠汉英对比。
怎样复习？ 怎样进行汉英对比？
最有效的方法
利用汉译英
• 我走在父亲身边，紧紧抓着他的右手。
• I walked alongside my father, clutching his right hand.
• 我全身衣服都是新的：黑色的鞋、绿色的校服和红色的帽子。 • All my clothes were new: the black shoes, the green school uniform, and the red cap. • 可是，它们并没有让我高兴，因为这是我头一次被扔进学校 的日子。 • They did not make me happy, however, as this was the day I was to be thrown into school for the first time.
• 母亲站在窗边，看着我们渐渐走远，我不时地回头看看她，
希望她能帮帮我。 • My mother stood at the window watching our progress, and I turned towards her from time to time, hoping she would help. • 我们沿街道走着，两旁有花园和种着庄稼、梨树和椰枣树的 农田。 • We walked along a street lined with gardens, and fields planted with crops, pears, and date palms.
这样糟糕的测验结果的原因究竟是什么？
1、学习了但没记住；只学新的，不顾旧的； “狗熊掰棒子”式学习，最终收获极小。
2、学过的英语记不住，或记不准确，只好自 己“创造”英语，结果导致汉语干扰严重，产 生大量错误英语和汉式英语。
明白了原因之后， 我们该怎么办？ 怎样才能牢记学过的句子？ 怎样才能克服汉式英语？
在药箱里翻找酒精、药棉和创可贴 rummage in the medicine chest for alcohol, cotton, and a Band-Aid 在艺术方面十分敏感的人看了不会打颤（反感）的绘画 painting a reasonably sensitive man can look at without shuddering 咱们不要这么快下结论。 Let's not move too fast on this. 咱们就假设我是黑人，而且还没嫁人。 Let’s say I am black and unattached. 这并不是说，每个人都会像他那样做。 It is not to say that everyone would have acted as he did.


再过大约三十年，他们都会死去。 In another thirty years or so they would both be dead. 在大学里，学生入学既是为了接受培训，也是为了接受教育。 In universities students enroll for both training and education. 在电视节目里，他们肩并肩地把自己的勇气完全描绘成是职责 所在。 On television, side by side, they described their courage as all in the line of duty. 在我们这个人身上，还有一些事情让我们当时对他念念不忘。 There was something else about our man that kept our thoughts on him. 在心灵的某处 in some pocket of the mind
这次事件中公认的四位英雄里，有三位能够为他们的行为做出 解释。 Of the four acknowledged heroes of the event, three are able to account for their behavior. 这个人就是这次灾难带来的情感冲击的最重要原因。 The person is most responsible for the emotional impact of the disaster. 这话并不因为重复多遍而不受敬仰。 That line is no less admirable for being repeated. 这就是我们不会忘记它的原因。 That is why we would not let go of it. 这就是这个故事的永久魅力。 That is the enduring wonder of the story.
请同学们回答一个问题：
当我们在精读课或泛读课上学习一篇课 文的时候、在口语课或听力课上学习一段对话 的时候，在知识性课程（如“英美文化”、 “英语词汇学”等）上学习一个章节的时候， 我们学习这些语言材料的最终目标是什么？
答案：
1、学会英语表达（输出）
也就是学会做汉译英
2、知识性课程上还要学会相关知识
• 4. 能够提升学习境界，将关注重点从语言的一般学习转移到