2021-2022学年黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市高一下学期期末质量监测英语试卷1. Ten fitness exercises you can do at homeWalkingAn effective walking workout at home will help to strengthen your legs, while getting some low impact aerobic exercise as well. If you don’t have any stairs available, just walk around the house a few times —it may not be very exciting, but it will do the job!Jumping jacksThese are always fun, as they bring back memories of being a kid! Who hasn’t done jumping jacks for fun as a child? Well, surprise —they are also great cardio exercises, and good for warming up, too.Push-upsThese are probably not the most favorite exercise of many people, but while they can be hard to do, you can find easier ways to do them. You don’t need to pretend you’re “Rocky”, and do them with one hand: just do what works for you. Do them on your knees, instead of keeping your legs straight. Or, do them by standing up against a wall. You will build up arm strength and work out muscles in your chest area.Leg liftsThese are great for building up strength and muscles in your legs. If you find it hard to do the exercises with your legs straight, try bending them slightly.CrunchesIt’s the best exercise for building up and strengthening belly muscles. When you’re just getting started, don’t worry about getting your head all the way up. So long as you’re going up until you feel the stretching of the muscles, you will see some benefit.Jogging in placeJogging is a great exercise for your heart. You can jog in place at home while watching TV or listening to music. The only equipment you will require is a good pair of shoes, to eliminate any stress to your legs.SquatsThese are wonderful exercises for your legs and bottoms. You can even just try these by sitting and standing up again from a regular chair, if you’re finding them to be too difficult. As long as you’re able to do a few repetitions, you will provide some benefit to your body.DancingDancing is a wonderful exercise, which is great for your heart. Not only that, but it can lift your spirits as well, and give your overall feeling a boost.1. Which column does this article belong to if in the newspaper?A．Health. B．Entertainment. C．Travel. D．Advertisement. 2. If Tom wants to strengthen his chest muscle, which exercise is most suitable for him?A．Walking. B．Push-ups. C．Jumping jacks. D．Squats.3. What exercises are best for heart?A．Walking and Push-up. B．Leg lifts and Crunches.C．Squats and Dancing. D．Dancing and Jogging in place.2. Last weekend I visited a zoo with a friend. When we were there, we debated whether or not zoos were a good thing. When I was little, I liked going to zoos. Now, at the age of 20, I still enjoy visiting them. However, I am aware that there are lots of pe ople who don’t support these establishments.Animals welfare is a growing concern in today’s society. There are many people who believe that zoos are cruel. They argue that it is cruel to remove animals from their natural habitats and keep them in cages. An animal kept in a zoo will lead a life different from an animal that lives in the wild. For example, animals in zoos don’t have to hunt for food. Additionally, some animals become unhappy in zoos because there isn’t enough space. Zoos exhibit animals fro m places all over the world must therefore adjust to different climates and seasons, depending on the location of the zoo in relation to where they come from.For human visitors, however, a trip to the zoo can be an educational experience. When students learn about endangered species and are able to see them in a zoo, they are more likely to support projects designed to save these animals from extinction. Zoos are involved in many conservation projects: supporting zoos provides essential funding for these projects. Due to threats such as illegal hunting, there are many species which would be extinct if they weren’t kept in zoos. Moreover, many zoos attempt to replicate an animal’s natural habitat: a range of material is used to create a space that is similar to what would be found in the wild. Lots of toys are usually put in exhibitions to prevent animals from getting bored. Animals that live in tropical countries are typically housed indoors in heated tanks which are kept at a temperature similar to that of their natural habitat.Every zoo has a slightly different approach to animal care and welfare, but overall I think zoos are a good thing. Seeing animals in their natural habitat isn’t always possible and I think zoos offer a good alternative. A trip to the zoo is both educational and fun —I’ll definitely continue to visit zoos!1. Why do many people think that zoos are cruel?A．Animals have to leave from natural habitats and stay in cages.B．Animals don’t have plenty of food and enough space.C．Animals d on’t have the ability to adapt themselves to different climates.D．Animals have to face the cruelty in the zoo.2. Why can a trip to the zoo be an educational experience?A．Students have the chance to see endangered animals.B．Students will establish programs to raise money to support zoos.C．Students will learn how to keep endangered animals.D．Students are likely to support the project to save the endangered animals.3. Which word can perfectly take the place of the underlined one?A．Copy. B．Replace. C．Adjust. D．Assist.4. What is the author’s attitude towards zoos?A．Doubtful. B．Supportive. C．Uninterested. D．Disapproving. 3. Papastamatiou’s team studied gray reef sharks living in the waters off Palmyra Atoll, a sunken island ringed by reefs, in the central Pacific Ocean between the Hawaiian Islands and Fiji. They attached small location transmitters to 41 sharks, which allowed them to track the animals movements around the reef. After tracking the sharks for four years, the researchers found that the same groups of sharks frequently returned to the same parts of the reef over and over again. They also found that some of the groups stuck together longer than previous studies have observed.The sharks might be motivated to stay together, Papastamatiou says, because it makes hunting for food easier, “If we hang out together and I see something, then you can come and try and take advantage of that,” he says. “And alternatively, if you see something, then I can try and take advantage of that.”He emphasizes that the sharks don’t hunt together but says that as long as the group isn’t too large —which would raise competition and conflict—socializing appears to benefit the sharks. And that may be one of the factors that led to sociality in the species.David Shiffman, who studies shark ecology and conservation at Arizona State University, says he was surprised to learn the sharks stuck together for so long. “I mean, I don’t have a lot of friends I do that with,” he jokes.Sharks are amazing creatures, Shiffman says. In addition to knowing where to grab a bite by watching their friends, he says, some species of sharks can also learn to solve simple puzzles, just by watching other sharks solve them. Given their intelligence and social abilities, he s ays perhaps it’s time to drop prejudices about sharks. “It turns out that they are a lot smarter than other people think, and they have more complex social behaviors and more complex abilities to process their environment and learn and change,” Shiffman sa ys.1. Why do some sharks keep together?A．To go back to the same reef. B．To have fun.C．To scare other sharks away. D．To hunt for food with ease.2. In which group may sharks like socializing?A．A large group. B．A competitive group.C．A small group. D．A group filled with conflicts.3. What does the underlined phrase “do that” in Paragraph 4 refer to?A．Be together. B．Go hunting. C．Swim in the sea. D．Find somethingfun.4. What can be inferred about sharks from their behaviors?A．They are intelligent. B．They are still developing.C．They are hiding themselves. D．They are becoming more dangerous.4. For most of my adult life, I’ve felt slightly ashamed —not of something I’ve done, but of something I haven’t. Although I’m an independent person who has been to numerous countries, I’ve never gone on an overseas holiday alone. I’ve traveled with my par ents, partners, kids and other families. I’ve travelled with my pet and joined tours where I knew no one but came out with lifelong friends.But for a while, my failure to travel alone felt like a mistake. Solo travel is celebrated. I’ve seen a thousand pieces written by adventurous women who claim to have found themselves by crossing countries alone. Traveling solo makes you capable, they say. It pushes you out of your comfort zone. Every woman should travel alone at least once in her life!And yet, I’ve never had an urge to do it. For one thing, I need a lot of people contact. A single day without meaningful conversation can leave me feeling depressed. Proper, engaging conversation is difficult when traveling alone. Even if you’re good at chatting with strangers, it isn’t always possible.I don’t want to worry about being alone on my travels. I want support and company during my adventures. I used to see this desire to be with others as some sort of flaw, but now I see it as a valid choice.Traveling solo builds resilience. But so does life. I am a single parent raising three children while trying to juggle a career. I make endless decisions alone and deal with crises alone. I manage loneliness and fear. I don’t need to travel alone to build resilience. I have resilience in spades, I’m sure travelling overseas would push me further out of comfort zone. But you know what else pushed me out of my comfort zone? Being single in a society that values marriage. Earning a living in a difficult industry. Dating me n I’ve met on an app. My life is effortful enough. I don’t need my travels to be effortful too.Travel is incredibly valuable, no matter what your stage of life. It teaches you how diverse the world is and how to appreciate your culture in relation to another. It stretches your mind and gives you a new viewpoint.And you don’t need a solo journey to become an independent woman. I assure you that life will get you there in the end.1. What does the author feel a bit ashamed of?A．Her lack of independence. B．Her failure to travel overseas.C．Not being adventurous enough. D．Not having travelled on her own abroad2. Why is solo travel applauded by adventurous women?A．It is both relaxing and empowering. B．They can better appreciate differentcultures.C．They get to know themselves better. D．It forces them to face their deepest fear.3. What does the author mean by saying “I have resilience in spades” in paragraph 4?A．She has had enough of resilience.B．She doesn’t want to travel solo with spades.C．She doesn’t need solo traveling to build character.D．She has gone through many difficulties in life to have great resilience.4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A．Walking out of comfort zone B．Solo travel is unnecessaryC．Life is travelling solo D．Being an independent woman5. From time to time, even the most productive professionals procrastinate (拖延). 1 . When your tendency to procrastinate is starting to make your overall quality of work and life suffer, here’s what Forbes Coaches Council members recommend doing to stop racing the clock.2When you don’t feel motivated, take the smallest step possible toward your goal. After taking that step, you’re more likely to continue taking more steps toward that goal. Instead of telling yourself to work out for an hour, say you’ll go for 10 minutes.Give yourself a hard deadline, and then schedule itThe best way to overcome a natural tendency to procrastinate is to create a hard deadline for yourself and then put it on the calendar. 3 . Then honor it the same way you would as if your boss were waiting for you to complete the task.Understand the un derlying reasons why you’re procrastinating4 . Notice your thoughts, feelings, behaviors and the situation when you feel like procrastinating. Write these down. Often perfectionism, which we may experience as anxiety, underlies the tendency to postpone action. Once you understand your pattern, you can hold yourself accountable in a positive way.Give yourself a reward for each task you completeMake a list of things you need to do and do the one you don’t want to do first. 5 (a piece of candy, a few minutes on social media, etc.). Then do something on your list that you want to do and continue alternating from there. This makes your tasks less discouraging.6. From the top of Mount Qomolangma to the bottom of the Mariana Trench, plastic continues to pollute a range of environmental areas, and it poses a significant threat to all life forms on Earth.________ knowing the ecological, eco-toxicological（生态毒性）, and economic effects of plastic pollution, we have not been able to forbid the use of plastic products. Now, ________ the invention of a 17-year-old girl, we finally have a much better alternative. This plastic-like material is made from prawn（虾）shells, and it divides 1.5 million times faster than most of ________ plastic products we use today.She extracted the carbohydrate called "chitin" from the shells and used chemical change to turn it into chitosan（聚氨葡萄糖）. She then mixed it with a protein called "fibroin", which is found in silk cocoons. Using the ________ of these two organic materials, Arora created a plastic-like material that ________ completely within just 33 days. Moreover, this plastic ________ nitrogen when dividing, which is why it can be used as plant fertilizer.In the 2018 Broken Hill Proprietary company（BHP）Billiton Foundation Science and Engineering Awards, Arora was awarded the Innovator to Market Award. She also gained international________ through the Intel International Science and Engineering Fair. Thousands of ________ students from over 81 nations participated in the competition, and Arora came in fourth for her creativity. She also won a comprehensive ________ to one of the best universities in the United States.The 17-year-old, now a student of medicine, is on a search to ________ the usage of traditional plastic. She has produced the final prototype（雏形）of her product, and it is ready to be produced commercially. However, before that happens, she has to ________ legal formalities such as patenting. She is also talking to supermarkets and ________ them to use her biodegradable（可生物降解的）plastic, which is durable and transparent. It can be used for all kinds of packaging, and the producing cost of the product is also ________ than most biodegradable products.An ________ young woman, Angelina Arora wants to make a difference in the world, and she wants to encourage other young people, especially young women, to ________ their passion and make a positive difference however they can. Thus, women are now getting stronger and stronger.1.A．Despite B．Besides C．Except D．Without2.A．but for B．other than C．thanks to D．rather than3.A．commercial B．comprehensive C．contrary D．constant4.A．contract B．concept C．combination D．contact5.A．breaks down B．takes down C．puts down D．sets down6.A．reduces B．releases C．stores D．increases7.A．disapproval B．ability C．recognition D．profit8.A．courageous B．brilliant C．generous D．honest9.A．scholarship B．medal C．admiration D．election10.A．require B．remain C．remove D．reflect11.A．see through B．go through C．break through D．glance through 12.A．forbidding B．allowing C．forcing D．urging13.A．clearer B．higher C．cheaper D．lower14.A．innocent B．inspiring C．intelligent D．interesting 15.A．follow B．oppose C．destroy D．damage7. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。