New words1.calculate vt&viHave you calculate the result?计算Can you calculate the cost?估计Be calculated to do打算做…We were not calculated to hurt you.Calculator计算器Calculating adj(贬)会算计的,精明的A calculating businessman2. universal adj.普通的,通用的,宇宙的A universal problemSoft wares are universal.Universal rays宇宙射线Universally adv.全体地,一致地,共同地Universe n宇宙3.simplify vt 简化,使简明simplify the problem/ taska simplify text简易读本simple adj.简单的,简朴的simplification n 简化4.sumc.n总和,算术题,金额.The sum of two and five is seven.A large sum of moneyvt (summed,summed) sum up总计,合计’概括,总结sum up the figuressum up the textThe story can be summed up in one sentence.In sum= in a word总而言之Summary n.总结,概括5.logical adj.合逻辑的,合情合理的a logical conclusiona logical endlogically adv. 有条理地,有逻辑地Argue/ think logicallyLogic u.n.逻辑6.technology u.n.工艺,科技,技术science and technologynew advances in medical technology医疗技术方面的新成果technological adj.科技的,技术的,工艺的technique 技巧,技艺7.revolution 革命,革命运动a socialist revolution 社会主义革命a bourgeois revolution资本主义革命a revolution in technology8. artificial adj. 人造的,假的;不自然的,娇柔造做的Artificial flowersArtificial cottonAn artificial limb假肢Artificial smiles假笑9.intelligence 智力,聪明,智能I.Q.= intelligence quotientA person of high/ average/ low intelligenceArtificial intelligence人工智能Intelligent adj. 智能的,聪明的An intelligent boyAn intelligent machine10.solve vt解决,解答Solve all the problemsThe problem is hard to solve.Solve these sums解出这些算术题Solution n.解决,解答,解决方法11.from … on …从…时起,从…时开始from then on = from that time onfrom now onfrom yesterday on12.reality现实,事实face realitybring … back to reality使…面对事实in reality = in factThis is not imagination but a reality.It became a reality.13.personal adj.私人的的,个人的,亲自的one’s personal affairs私事one’s personal beliefs个人信仰one’s personal life私生活a personal car私家车His personal appearance encouraged us.I shall give the matter my personal attention.Personally = as far as I am concerned就个人而言,亲自I don’t know him personally, but I have read his books. Personally, I don’t like him at all.The president will praise him personally.14.as a result of结果,因此I was caught in the rain on my way home. As a result I had a bad cold. The student was lazy. As a result, he failed in the final exam.As a result of = because of由于,因为As a result of the storm, the meeting was put off.Result in导致His carelessness resulted in his failure.Result from是由于His failure resulted from his carelessness.15. totalAdj.总的,整个的The total numberTotal silence 寂静无声The total plan failed.c.n.总数,总计What’s the total?In total = in all总共That will cost you 2 yuan in total.Totally adv.完全的,整个的,全部的I totally forget about it.16. so… that …So + adj. + thatSo + adj. +c.n.+ thatSo + adv. + thatSo + many/ much/few/ little + n. + thatSuch … that …Such + a/an + adj. + thatSuch + adj. + c.n. (pl.) + thatSuch + adj. + u.n. + that17.application应用,用途,申请,请求The application of the multi-media helps us a lot. It’s of wide application.Computers have many applications.Make an application to sb.向某人申请Make an application for sth.申请…Make an application to sb. for sth. 向某人申请…Apply v申请,应用.18.finance金融,财经finance reportthe Minster of Finace财政大臣a finance company金融公司Finance for education comes from taxpayers. Finances (pl.)财力,财源Vt.给…提供资金19.mobilemobile home活动房a mobile shop流动商店a mobile phone20. explore探索,探测,勘探,探险,探究,探讨The oceans have not been totally explored.My dream is to explore Africa.Explore the possibility of success.探讨一下成功的可能性Explorer探险者,勘探员Exploration探险,探索,试探21.anyhow = anywa y①无论如何,即是如此,不管怎样It’s too expensive and anyhow the color doesn’t suit you. It may rain, but we will go anyhow.The water is cold but I want to take a shower anyhow. Anyhow, let’s forget it.We are friends anyhow.②随便地,杂乱无章地Choose anyhow.(随机选择)The books are placed on the floor anyhow.22.goa l①目标,目的The goal of my life is to help others.Achieve one’s goal实现目标Set a goal设立目标②球门.(进球)得分The ball missed the goal by a few inches.Make/get a goal得一分Keep a goal踢进一个球23.download 下载download a song/ story24.virus病毒(pl.) viruses25.signalvi. & vt. 发信号,示意,表示A period signals the end of a sentenceShe signaled the car to stop.Don’t fire until I signal.Signal to sb.向…发信号c.n.信号,暗号TV signalsa radio signal26. typec.n. ( kind )类型,种类,品种I love this type of book.Different types of peopleVt. & vi.打字Type quicklyType the report27.in a way = in one way = in some way在某种程度上The work is well done in a way.In a way, you are right.In the way 挡道,妨碍By the way顺便说一下in this way用这种方法in no way 绝不on one’s way to在去…的路上be on the way在路上,即将到来28. arise (arose, arisen)出现,发生,产生A new problem has arisen.The economic crisis arose.A quarrel arose between the young couple.Arise out of = arise from由…引起的The illness arises from hunger.29.with the help of 在…的帮助下With the help of the computer, we finally solved the problem. Be a ( big/ great/ real) help = be a lot of help非常有用,大有帮助Beyond help无药可就30 electronic adj.电子的An electronic computerElectronic music/ organ/ equipmentAn electronic engineer电子工程师31.appearance n.①外观,外貌,外表They are different in appearance.Don’t judge a person by his appearance.②出现,显露His appearance on the stage made his fans crazy.32. character 性格,特点;角色No one likes his character.He is a man of good character.33. mopC.n.拖把Vt & vi. Mopped用拖把拖,擦I have to mop the room twice a day.Mop her tears34. deal with①处理,安排,对付Deal with the problem/ the meetingThe man is hard to deal with.②与…交易We have dealt with that company for more than 20 years.③谈及,涉及This is a book dealing with pollution What … do with…How … deal with …35. watch over看守,监视,照看Watch over prisonersWatch over the enemies/ spy Watch over my sistersWarming upCommon1. adj.普通的,常见的,共同的,共有的a common event/ coldcommon sense常识a common interest/ language2. have … in common ( with… )与…有共同之处have much/ a lot in common with…与…有很多共同之处have nothing/ little in common with…与…没有共同之处have something in common with …与…有一些共同之处e.g.They are brothers but they have nothing in common with each other.Their views have much in common with mineI have a lot in common with herWe have one thing in common3.in common with 像…一样In common with others ,Tom is a studentIn common with a lot of other countries, we’re paying more attention to pollution 4.in common共同,共有,共用They own the store in commonREADINGpare A with B 把A与B相比较compare A to B把A比作Bcompare children to flowerscompared with/ to 和…比起来(作状语)Compared to others, she is lucky indeed.compare with/ to可与…相媲美This school compares with the best school in the country.2. over在…期间Are you at home over weekends?Over those years, he read widely.I like chatting over a cup of tea.(一边…一边…)3. as 作为,以…身份As your teacher, I suggested you study hard.Work as = serve as 担当,充当She works as a nurse.4. before①在…之前,在…的前面I want to clean up the room before mum comes back.The train had left before we arrived at the station.②还没来得及…就…The roof fell down before we ran out.He hung up before I could answer the phone.③…才…The war had lasted for 2 years before the U.S.A took part.It was evening before we reached the village.He almost knocked me down before he saw me.④It +be +时间段+ before…过了…才…It was a long time before I fell asleep.It will be 2 days before we arrive in Beijing⑤It +be + not+时间段+ before…过不了…就…It won’t be long before you find you are wrong.5. 可以修饰比较级的词：any, mich, even, a lot, far, ever, a bit, a little, a little bit, rather, a great deal, etcWinter is much colder than autumn.Are you any better.6. as time went by= as time went on随着岁月的流逝As随着（conj.）With随着（prep.）with time going byGo by过去，经过He went by without saying a word.The holiday went solely by.依照Go by laws7. An elephant never forgets.(谚语)8. lonely adj. (带有浓厚的感情色彩) 孤独的，孤寂的，寂寞的荒凉的，荒无人烟的，偏僻的Alone adj. & adv.(一种客观事实)独自，单独I have to be alone at home.I have to stay alone at home.Alone只有，仅仅位于名词或代词后Tom alone doesn’t want to go there.9.provide sb. with sth. ＝provide sth. For sb10. of + 抽象名词，可作表语和后置定语（有时名词前可以有形容词修饰great, high, much）Of value= valuableOf importance= importantOf use＝usefulOf help= helpfulHe is of great help to us.We will hold a meeting of much importance.11. devoted adj.忠诚的，挚爱的A devoted fan/ son/ friendDevote oneself to…献身于，致力于Devote… to…把。