Unit 4 Global warming全球变暖一、词汇about发生；造成注意：（1）come about是不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态，常指情况不受人控制的突然发生。
有时用it作形式主语，that从句作真正主语。
（2）表示“发生”的词或短语有：happen,occur,take place,break① Many a quarrel comes about through a misunderstanding.② The moon came out from behind the clouds.③ I’ll let you know if anything comes up.④ I’ll come over and see how you are coming along.⑤ I came across an old friend yesterday.⑥ When she came to, she couldn’t recognize the surroundings.① I subscribe to your suggestion.② Which magazine do you subscribe to?③ He subscribed his name to the paper（文件）.④ He subscribed a large sum to the poor students.n.量；数量① It’s cheaper to buy goods in quantity / in large quantities.② A large quantity of silk is sold in Japan.③ A large quantity of drugs are found in his home.④ Large quantities of rain are needed in this area.① He tends to get angry when others disagree with her.② His views tend towards the extreme（极端）.③ He was tending (to) his son when I saw him in the hospital.④ Jane is nice but has a tendency to talk too much.=Jane is nice but she tends to talk too much.① The price of the new house in our area has gone up by 1,000 yuan per square meter（平方米）。
That is（也就是说）it has gone up to 5,000 yuan per square meter.② The wind has gone down a little.④ The country has gone through too many wars.⑤ We all go in for winter sports.⑥ New buildings are going up everywhere.⑦ We have no beer left, so you have to go without it.⑧ The actor had to go over his lines（台词） many times before he got them right.in 导致同义词汇：cause, lead to, contribute to, bring about, give rise① His illness resulted from bad food.② He was late as a result of the snow.③ As a result, he had to leave.④ The driver’s careless driving resulted in the death of five passengers（乘客）.opposed to反对……(to为介词)同义词汇：be against, object to;① Most of the students oppose having classes on Sunday.② Most people are opposed to smoking in the public places.③ I am strongly opposed to the idea of moving abroad.① Iraq（伊拉克）is still in a state of unrest(动乱) in consequence/ as a consequence of the Gulf war（海湾战争）.② I overslept（睡过头）, and in consequence/ as a consequenceI was late for work.③ Consequently, there is a strong possibility that life can arise（出现） on other planets（星球）.① He stated that he had never seen the man.② It is stated that more than 30 people were killed in the accident.③ A government spokesperson（发言人）made a statement to the press（新闻界）.④ She is in a state of poor health, which worried her parents much.⑤ She was in a terrible state when we arrived.① Students have a wide range of interests.② The animal is still out of/beyond (in/within) range of my gun.③ The price of the house is within our range.④ The library has ranges of books.⑤ The children ’s ages range from 8 to 15(range between 8 and 15).① When the teacher came in, they still kept on talking.② Nothing can keep him from carrying out（实施） the plan.③ The boss kept him working all day.④ She tried to keep back her tears.⑤ Keep your hands off my dress.⑥ Close the door to keep the dog out.⑦ We sang songs to keep up our spirits when we were marching （行进）.⑧We must keep up with the development of the society.vi.看一下；扫视 n.一瞥① He glanced at the envelope（信封）and recognize his uncle’s handwriting.② He glanced through/over the newspaper.③ She glanced round the room before she left.④ At first glance the problem seemed very easy.⑤ Can we just take a glance at some of your products（产品）?扩展：表示“看”的短语stare at瞪着眼注视 glare at怒目而视gaze at（长时间无意识）凝视 glimpse at（无意识）瞥见① Our opinions are on the whole the same.② I analyzed his words as a whole.③ In general, our cars are reliable.adj.平均的① An average of two students is absent each day.② Tom’s work at school is above (the) average.③ Though he works hard, his marks（分数）are still below the average.④ On average, over 8000 people come to Zhouzhuang a day.n.生存；存在① The company came into existence in 1918.=The company was brought into existence in 1918.② The elephant is the largest land animal （陆上动物）in existence.① On behalf of the school I would like to thank you all.② He was represented in the court（法庭）by a famous lawyer.① I’m not going to put up with their smoking any longer.② She washed the cups and put them away.③ He put up a picture on the wall.④ She put aside a lot of money for her retirement（退休）.⑤ Let me put down your telephone number in case I forget in.⑥ Tom decided to put in a new character（人物） in his story.① So long as / As long as you have confidence in yourself, you’ll win.② --Our holiday cost a lot of money.--Did it? Well, that doesn’t matter as long as you enjoyed yourselves.① Under / In the circumstances he felt unable to accept the job.② Under no circumstances should you lend him any money.① The doctor makes a great contribution to the public health.② Plenty of fresh air contributes to good health.③ Many people contributed money to the poor child, which contributed to his returning to school. A writer wrote a story about it and contributed it to a newspaper.二、必会重点句型1.状语从句的省略省略成分：从句主语+be适用从句：时间、条件、让步等状语从句省略条件：主从句主语一致且从句谓语为be,或从句主语是it,且从句谓语含be2.同位语从句的用法与名词的关系：同位关系功能：对名词（多为抽象名词）进行解释说明引导词：that, what,which, who,when,where,why, how,whether抽象名词：news, idea, fact, promise, hope, belief, question, doubt等3.“名词/代词/数词+of+which/whom”,一般引导非限制性定语从句，指人用whom,指物用which,相当于“of+which/whom+名词/代词/数词”4.过去分词（短语）作定语的用法①可表被动和动作已完成；②单个过去分词做定语时多前置，过去分词短语作定语时多后置；③过去分词短语作后置定语可转化为定语从句.5.“为某人提供某物”的表达法：offer sb. sth.=offer sth. to sb.provide sb. with sth.=provide sth. for sb.supply sth. to sb.=supply sth.6.“leave+宾语+宾补”结构中宾补可是以下成分：①过去分词（表被动、完成）②现在分词（使某人或某物一直……）③名词（使某人或某物成为……）④形容词/副词/介词短语（使某人或某物处于某种状态）7.常见if型省略结构if+形容词：if necessary（如果必要的话），if possibleif+过去分词：即在if与分词之间省略主语和beif+not:其可以视为一个否定的条件状语从句的省略if+so:如果这样/那样的话if+代词：if anyone, if any, if anything等if +ever:如果有过的话。