主句
would (should, could, might ) + do
1) If I were you, I shouldn't do that. 2) We would go with you if we had time. 3) We could ask him if he were here. 4) If I knew his telephone number, I would ring him up.
h
8
3. If my lawyer _____ here last
Saturday, he _____me from
going.
A. had been; would have
prevented
B. had been; would prevent
C. were; would prevent
D. were; would have prevented
A. Could B. Should C. Might D. Must
h
14
19. _____ your letter, I would have written back two days ago. A. If I received B. Should I received C. Had I received D. If I could have received
A. should come; had seen
B. came; would see
C. come; will see
D. had come; w(1) Mr Brown _____ a house if he had enough money.
A. will buy B. would buy C. bought D. has bought
③与将来事实可能相反。（将来虚拟）
“后退一步法” ①与过去事实相反，在从句中用过
去完成时形式表示。 ②与现在事实相反，用一般过去
时形式表示。 ③与将来事实可能相反，用过去将来时
形式表示。
h
3
I. 虚拟语气在主从复合句中的用法
1. 表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词的主要形式如下：
条件从句 did（be动词一般用were）
more careful), such mistakes could have been avoided.
h
7
1. If she had worked harder, she _____ . (1986)
A. would succeed B. had succeeded C. should succeed D. would have succeeded
taken
C. would be warned; had not taken
D. would have been warned; had not
taken
h
10
7. I didn't see your sister at the meeting. If she _____, she would have
2) If you had come earlier, you would (might) have met him.
3) I would have called you if I had known your phone number.
h
5
3.表示与将来事实可能相反，谓语动词的主要形式如下：
条件从句
D. If the teacher spoke louder
h
18
29. What should we do if it _____ tomorrow?
A. should snow B. would snow
C. snow D. will snow
h
19
30. If you _____ 5 minutes earlier, you _____ him.
h
4
2.表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词的主要 形式如下
条件从句
主句
had + done
would (might / could /should ) + have done
1) If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.
二、祈使语气 (The Imperative Mood)
用来表示请求、命令或劝告等。 如：
1.Sit down, please. 2.Don't say it in Chinese. Say it in English, please. 3.Let me have a try. 4.Let him go.
主句
did should do were to do
Would(could/might/s hould) + do
1) If it should rain, the crops would be saved. 2) If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out. 3) If it rained tomorrow, we would not go out.
h
2
三、虚拟语气 (The Subjunctive Mood)
表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是
一种愿望、建议或与事实相反的假设等。一般常用于正
式的书面语中。
该语法主要用于if条件状语从句。也可用于主语从句、
表语从句、宾语从句等。
通常有三种情况：
①与过去事实相反。 （过去虚拟）
②与现在事实相反。 （现在虚拟）
h
15
21. Should it rain, the crops _____.
A. would be saved B. would have been saved
C. will be saved D. had been saved
h
16
27. If I _____ you, I would try again.
h
21
(30) _____ I known he needed money so badly, I might have
managed to help him.
A. Unless B. When C. If D. Had
h
22
II:虚拟语气在宾语从句的中的 用法
h
23
1). wish后的宾语从句： 从句中的动词根据时间可采用不同的
answer.) 5.I wish I had known the answer.(But I didn't.)
h
24
2. I wish I _____ you yesterday? (1988)
A. seen
B. did see
C. had seen D. were to see
h
25
(29) I wish the train _____ so late; then I could have got home
A. am B. was C. were D. be
h
17
28. _____ , all the students would hear.
A. If the teacher had spoken louder
B. If the teacher will speak louder
C. Had the teacher spoken louder
h
9
5. If he ______ , he _____ that food.
Luckily he was sent to the hospital
immediately. (1993)
A. was warned; would not take
B. had been warned; would not have
法。即从句中的动词 使用should + 动词原 形，或者将should省略。
h
28
4.We propose that the house should be repaired (repair).
5.The general commanded that the target should be fired (fire) at. 6.They requested that we should sit (sit) down and have a cup of tea. 7.We desire that he should be given (give) a chance. 8.The rules require that players should wear(wear) tennis shoes on the court(网球场).
before breakfast. A. hadn't arrived B. didn't arrive C. wouldn't arrive D. mustn't arrive
h
26
(31) I wish I ________ to repair the bike, for I only made it worse.
h
12
2. _____ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to
the Yangpu Bridge. (1994)
A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will
h
13
16. _____ I be free tomorrow, I could go with you.