作文现象分析题一、议论文正反观点题"How to"题（大学生如何做）（一）现象分析l 第一段：现象陈述【校园现象】：In campus, it can often be heard about how to pass an exam, to hunt a good job or even to make friends. While, recently,it seems/ appears no other topics can arouse more students' attention than the one that 同位语从句.【社会现象】：Nowadays, everybody who often reads the newspaper might well be exposed to such a fact as 同位语从句, which has recently been brought to the hub of the public attention.【越来越多的人关注…】：•Nowadays, (话题关键词), as a hot topic, is increasingly arousing public attention for the very reason that (话题展开句).‚nowadays, the newspapers have pushed the issue of (话题关键词) to the hub of the public attention/ concern for the very reason that (话题展开句).l 第二段：原因=主题句+扩展句主题句：If asked what I should do, well , I would like to do the followings. The first is to 原因1, "doing"原因2，no matter what kinds of difficulties lying ahead/ I will meet. The second, I think I had better (make full use of the school resources, such as the assistant work in a lab), which is also quite a good way.扩展句：主观（think，feel…）"...to such an extent that ..."=so所以the development of society/ economyThe improvement of living standardsThe increase of population客观The environment pollutionThe global warmingThe fierce/ severe/ cruel competition"...for the reason that..."=because; "..., making, ..."He is ill to such an extent that he is absent.例He is absent for the reason that he is ill.He is ill making himself absent.（原因段：Why you may wonder? There are two reasons accounting for it. For one thing, ..., to such an extent that ... . For the other, ..., making ... .)l 第三段（动作段）：措施、危害措施1——to do写法：措施2——谓语动词用doing伴随措施之一1.措施：动词不定式to do基本不考非谓语动词动名词doing分词doing/ done非谓语动词1) to do：表措施的常用句型v 做表语：The first important thing is to do .The first important thing, which plays the fundamental role in the issue's solution is to do .v 做主语：To do ... serves to assist the issue's total solution.（能源短缺型）To increase the investment on R&D to look for some substitute energy serves to assist the issue's total solution.v 做同位语：The measure to do... should be taken as soon as possible.v 做宾语：I strongly feel it highly imperative for the authorities to do... .下定决心干：make up one's mind to do sthv 措施词组尽全力做：make every effort to do ...不遗余力做：spare no effort to do ...【措施段】：There are many measures to be taken. The first important thing is to •/ ‚/ ƒ. In addition, in my view, it is high time that 具体情况 .OR：There are many measures to be taken. First, I strongly feel it highly imperative for the authorities to •/ ‚/ ƒ. Second, it is also necessary that the government should 具体情况.•establish some relevant regulations/ policies/ decrees/ laws and put them into practice, making it under control.(万能措施)‚arouse the public concern/ attention to it.引起公众的关心(常用措施)ƒincrease the investment on it.增加投资【能源短缺型题】：To increase the investment on R&D to look for some substitute energy serves to assist the issue's total solution.2) 谓语动词"-ed"It is highly imperative/ suggested that the authorities should do ...It is (high) time that (the investment was incresaed)过去式从句. （虚拟语气）3) 提供doing伴随1）、2）其一The first important thing is to establish the relevant policies, making the issue under some control.2. 危害段（个人、社会）1）个人：举例说明 A , for example, BA是对B的总结，B为具体例子v Some fake products do harm to people's health, for example, fake medicine can even killone person.v Too much time on computer can cause some mental unfitness, for example, one may feel rather depressed when he is deprived of(被剥夺了) the computer even for one day.2）社会：情绪法（憎恨、遗憾、怀疑…等偏否定态度）【危害段】：The negative effects of 该现象的核心名词are obvious. A(归纳总结性语句), for example, B(具体例子). Also it can by no means escape from the blame for a dissatisfying/ disappointing/ bad/ awful society's forming.（二）正反观点对比题l 第一段：v Recently, there is going on a hot discussion on some websites' bbs, arguing whether 话题陈述句, which is hard to give a definite answer to.v Nowadays, people are always talking about whether 同上, which is really/ indeed not easy to five a definite answer to.v 话题疑问句? As most of us have had the unpleasant occasion to discover, one person's answer can be quite different from another's . People have their own ways of looking upon this problem and their own reasons for thinking so.v 【哲理段】：要论证的哲理(Honesty is the best policy). If 好的方面(you are honest), it follows that 简单陈述益处(people will believe you), doing伴随解释好的方面带来的结果(helping you when you are in trouble).On the contrary, if 反方面(you are cheating/ deceptive/ not honest), you will soon find yourself trapped in a terrible condition that 反面导致的结果(no one will be your friend./ no matter what you say, no one believes you.)【 一些人认为——Some people believe 宾从.=It is generally believed that 主从. (主语从句转换法)=There is a popular view/ belief among some people that 同从.(同位语从句转换法)=One allegation/ view/ assumption often made (by some people) is that 表从.(表语从句转换法)‚我认为——I think .=It's my view/ point that .=I have always been of the impressure/ thought that .=My standing point is that .l 第二段：陈述别人观点【别人观点】：One allegation often made is that 观点 , because they believe 原因 . While, among the discussion sounds an opposite voice, saying 观点‚.l 第三段：我的观点【我的观点】：In my opinion, I cannot agree with the latter any more, for I have always been of the impression that 观点‚的主观论据. Further, it is also one reason for my standing point that 观点‚的客观论据.（三）how to题l 第一段：必要性分析（作用、好处、益处、必要性）【必要性】：Frankly speaking, 话题is obviously helpful/ necessary for a college student's growth, no matter what kind of specialty he or she is majoring in. For example, it can be greatly instrumental to develop a student's ability in the campus, which will exert far-reaching significance for his or her future life.l 第二段：普遍途径直接动作化间接非动作化【普遍途径】：There are many ways for the college students to take part in. For example, one can 途径 (直接) with the help of , which seems to be quite available for every student. While, these days, an increasing number of students tend to 途径‚(sosial activities) by means of .l 第三段：我打算怎么做=我的途径思路一校内内容校外思路二思想实践【思路一】：If asked what I should do, well, I would like to do the followings. The first is to step out of the campus, "doing"(under taking some office work during my free time), no matter what kinds of difficulties lying ahead/ I will meet. The second, I think I had better make full use of theschool resources, such as (the assistant work in a lab), which is also quite a good way.【思路二】：At the question of what I should do, I have made up my mind to 我的做法. In the meantime, I think it also equally important that I should take practical action, "doing"具体行动.【凑字数】：In a word, "to do"呼应主题is a highly imperative/ essential/ vital/ indispensable thing for a college student, especially in these days..individuals,characters, folks替换people ,persons2: positive, favorable, rosy (美好的)，promising (有希望的)，perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superior替换good3:dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill (有害的)替换bad 如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换Eg.An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games, enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms. When it approaches to graduation ,as a result, they find their academic records are less impressive.4.(an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,a host of, many, if not most)替换many.注：用many, if not most 一定要小心，many后一定要有词。