本科课程考查（论文）专用封面 作业（论文）题目： Hamlet On-line 所修课程名称： 英美文学 修课程时间： 2012 年 9 月至 2013 年 1 月 完成作业（论文）日期： 2012 年 12 月 评阅成绩： 评阅意见：评阅教师签名： 年 月 日__________________学院__________级___________专业姓名____________学号_______________………………………………（密）………………………………（封）………………………………（线）………………………………Hamlet On-lineAbstract:"Hamlet " of Shakespeare is a classical representative work.The most famous words is: To be or not to be this is a question.In the work, Shakespeare created Hamlet--a man with wisdom and courage .In order to revenge on his uncle for killing his father,he pretend to be a madman.He is a kindhearted man and a god-fearing person .He is inconsistent in his heart,and fall in love with a beautiful girl.In the end he killed his uncle ,but poisoning and dead in sad . In this article, I would like to introduce the gradual improvement of this work's background and influence of Hamlet ;The main ideas of Hamlet; Comments on the figures of Hamlet and in the conclusion I point out certain factors resulting in such a immortal hamlet and eulogize Shakespeare’s greatness in perceiving so charming a Denmark prince as a humanist.Key words: Hamlet ; analysis of the work; comments on the figures1. The background and influence of HamletIn the early 17th century, Shakespeare wrote a number of his best known tragedies. Many critics believe that Shakespeare's greatest tragedies represent the peak of his art. The titular hero of one of Shakespeare's most famous tragedies, Hamlet, has probably been discussed more than any other Shakespearean character, especially for his famous soliloquy which begins "To be or not to be; that is the question".Hamlet was based on the legend of Amleth, preserved by 13th-century chronicler Saxo Grammaticus in his Gesta Danorum as subsequently retold by 16th-century scholar François de Belleforest.The play vividly portrays both true and feigned madness –from overwhelming grief to seething rage – and explores themes of treachery, revenge, incest, and moral corruption.2. The Main Ideas of HamletThe story is set on the eve of Elsinore. Denmark court in the Middle Ages. Hamlet, the prince of the Denmark, is the leading role. The king of Denmark dies, his brother Claudius becomes thenew king. Claudius marries Gertrude, queen of Denmark, Hamlet’s mother within two months. Having known his father is murdered, Hamlet is determined to revenge for his father’s deaths.At the beginning of the play, the ghost of the dead king appears to two officers at a platform before the castle. They tell the appearan ce of the ghost to Horatio, Hamlet’s loyal, best friend. At this moment, Hamlet is extremely upset about his mother’s over-hasty remarriage with Claudius, his uncle within that short time. On the other hand, Hamlet has fall in love with a pure, pretty beautiful girl, Ophelia. Ophelia is the daughter of Polonius, the lord chamberlain of the new king. In the following, Hamlet begins his proposed for revenge. He pretends to be crazy and full of madness. Ophelia t ells Hamlet’s piteous look to her father. Polonius goes to the court, and intended to have the king know Hamlet’s state. Queen Gerttrude believes that her son is mad for his father’s death and her over-hasty marriage. Polonius presents the paper from Hamlet to Ophelia to Claudius and Gertrude. They wonder it and decide to examine whether Hamlet is really crazy. Polonius is scheduled to send Rosencrantz and Guildensten, Hamlet’s classfellows for killing Hamlet. Now, there come several good players. Hamlet comes up with an idea to have these players play something like the murder of his father before Claudius. He hopes to catch the conscience of the king through observing Claudius’s looks.Worse still, Hamlet and Laertes come across at Ophelia’s funeral cerem ony. Hamlet views herself as the wonder-wounded hearer, and fights with Laertes in Ophelia’s grave, parted by attendants. Hamlet is allowed to struggle a sea-fight with Laertes. The king, queen and all are coming down to watch the fight. Both of them starts with foils .After a while, Claudius drinks to Hamlet’s heath. However, in order to play this about first, Hamlet sets it by awhile. Without knowing the whole scheme , Queen drinks, using the poisonous cup meant to prepare for Hamlet by Claudius. It’s too late for Claudias to stop Gertrude. The two competitors continue their battle. Several bouts later, Laertes wounds Hamlet then in scuffing, they change rapiers, and Hamlet wounds Latertes in turn. Gertrude swounds, laying on the ground. Hamlet and Laertes deal with treacherous behavior by Claudius. As everyone imagines, the total conspirary is arranged by Claudius, pouring poison on both Laerte’s sword and Hamlet’s cup. Obviously, Hamlet manages to stab Claudius, and Claudius dies before Hamlet falls. In addition, Hamlet has his close friend Horatio draw his breath in pain and tell his story. Eventually, the army marchsafar off, shotting within Denmark, the prince Fortinbras becomes the king of Demark.3. Comments on the figures of HamletWe can see that Shak espeare just take the side of Hamlet too much to picture other figures’ portrait clearly enough, which can be regarded as the only disadvantage of this play. To prove this point, I will give 2 more examples.The first one is Ophilia, just a pretty and warm-hearted girl, but without much definite idea. One thing I can’t figure out is that whether her becoming crazy is owing to the death of his father, or the absence of Hamlet?The second one is Horotio, who has always repeated in agreement with Hamlet. Isn’t he a great scholar? We can’t easily find out a wise talk of this scholar, but only the friendship and loyalty to the prince.Finally, I want to have a few words on Polonius, who acts like a fool in the role of a chancellor, but is respectable in the role of father. No wonder Laertes can be so outstanding!4. ConclusionObviously,Hamlet has a negative view on himself when one realizes that one's very self is bad by nature what great despair one may feel.The intensified despair caused by his self-negation leads to his stronger pessimistic view on human beings. What is worth mentioning here is that intense pessimism rarely exists in the period of the Renaissance. However,it becomes a prevalent ideological trend at the beginning of the 20th century.Bibliography[1]Shakespeare.Hamlet [M/OL]./od/studentresources/a/tobeornot.htm[2]Wikipedia.Hamlet [EB/OL] ./wiki/Hamlet,2012-6-24.[3] Wikipedia.Shakespeare [EB/OL] ./wiki/ Shakespeare,2012-6-24.。